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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 - K- M4 W* P0 w
& ^' G k3 g/ P$ l0 x$ m) `, Uhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106880 j7 C6 a/ A, m3 @
+ y. w5 e) G2 T* M" [% tJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
5 m2 J, u, r WYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
3 G% `) |/ @0 p6 U! A2 t# i2 H, JFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.8 e. ?% b# Y2 r! I
2 y( s. _0 K. k$ \" _- g/ D6 m
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of C( w% g9 M9 Z- ~/ U7 i R$ f- X
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .1 C( K. e8 j; V9 E5 p0 G F% Y' t! ]0 J4 }
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
k! I5 u/ ?9 E( IPublished online 26 January 2018# X" b/ k- a) J- I
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$ a1 j( V. `3 lAbstract
4 p+ n" m4 i6 h9 M6 n: R- q- kJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing9 {5 o% T8 G o/ j0 P' q
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
, y# B8 E" @5 x2 aTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been X, r9 y+ T( b* H @
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not( N$ N& \ Q" f! r1 N8 D
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific) |5 A* Q$ I0 s" g% J
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
2 T5 l! ~4 B% |4 a8 d3 o+ Vto the standardization of the scientific terminology
# z$ w- U- |6 U+ [, e3 X3 Wtranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s% T, d9 l: b: a3 r, w/ L1 C
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
. f1 v3 Y: N, z& N( Eand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
. d: ]% q* L, O) W$ I3 ^# estandardization of the scientific terminology translation
w8 Z- i& ~, k% cin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien/ c- s T1 g5 v' S0 l3 X
he established had helped greatly with the popularization/ x( o0 o% c6 K
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
% N4 q1 y$ f; ~7 Z J/ \the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
( o. c% ]3 E* {: Yfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
0 L+ x0 o z D$ @" Jthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a) ?* P+ t# v3 W0 _8 b& d( v/ N
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
* C1 e3 W! V& `1 J& oterminology.
! b7 y3 f0 y( O0 Z, T- F: X6 WKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;+ q* f n# u& f% f/ d2 p8 y
Standardization of terminology translation0 F0 I( s& A" F9 e+ }
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
+ @0 n; U0 q6 h( ~: M% NStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern* ^8 f) S5 M: U- I! Y9 A) |
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
+ Z) R" B( P, P1 N& H! r6 Tfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
- T2 ^9 z% R' CDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213+ b7 A/ C: Y2 U# I; k4 L
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$ L* M, C7 a7 L6 m h8 _INTRODUCTION5 g/ P% G2 r o6 q* Z& w1 L
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and, v! d9 n2 i- y1 o. I) t. u3 N; U
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).% l5 B" g3 W; M& u
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to4 e7 l- q% Z) S* }% Z, w
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of8 @# z3 }# d# B- b: \1 p
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed* G F; I3 V6 w: T9 ^
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as( L9 v0 W. q# v, R
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on% j K. G2 S) I2 }
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
. D& j5 |2 H2 l& ?- Y; A1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific- P9 P9 M% w: D9 D
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
2 w; Y- M% G$ B, A+ @Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.& L2 u4 x5 `, Z6 P5 w# Q
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated; e B4 m( z1 v' W
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
1 K: U; C/ I+ F# b- qwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
" A1 X+ |0 K8 @, T! F, T$ Trevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,& Z7 \$ P9 U B
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
" @! n* |. K8 ^+ b9 q4 Zbooks that made him the most productive one among the
2 ]/ ?( H( ^; |# X& [+ C. ]% Yforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
3 H7 \) u' ?3 I4 O" r) ]6 Stranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
9 S! q; x( R7 O& H. t4 i6 bnoble work which could help accelerate the process of1 b/ M& O/ n* H$ U
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
) r! A& y& O' @# {5 b) L( e' QIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer- m" F! t0 }- o
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western! ~) s. q G1 W6 q
science and the standardization of translated scientific
; X6 W0 U; }& D) ^5 F. hterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
\+ n6 J3 V% s8 ymagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the" R2 G* l( w5 x' `
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
: z4 m$ ?- I+ n5 u" b3 @contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series7 \' D1 f6 X' [3 W0 e7 w- w9 F
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in+ y! R# e3 b' V
Modern China.0 }. [8 L) s; Q2 X- k+ e
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published, `/ d, O. ]5 P- X
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of5 ^- Q0 x- B+ F% t
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing; B$ u9 j1 O3 v' M/ ?
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In& D& |0 p8 c* L1 }( ?' L3 E4 I
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
) w) H; F t. l8 T' }6 cTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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