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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 + n# D6 b8 }/ b m8 D$ J2 t% O) c: j7 {6 C
0 U, T( k5 m) d' A m6 K. Ihttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
, X) g! s$ P- g! bYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
# E& n+ C% e: L# EFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.6 W/ T" v l7 }/ J
4 j8 ~& i" W( tLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of2 v% e+ b( o0 ^$ x) }! K1 o
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.- m( i2 _) v6 [4 C+ L r
+ _! z L. u! L6 }
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .& k4 N5 P% D$ @ u
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20189 N' i: W/ J' r5 j: z
Published online 26 January 20187 E/ Z9 K% ?8 k! w- n; X
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4 }( M. K( M* ~Abstract3 ?* Y) @0 R# T r4 D1 X0 u" I5 p
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing, n: f- t' D2 Z; W% q9 e( K
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The! ?3 d% t( y7 \# u
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
: C$ S$ K& O8 f1 b: h% S5 Eengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not* g/ ]. x0 @( V C6 D4 W @
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
. u8 ?4 }. N. b2 m/ Xworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly1 S' n! l8 s% t0 _' w6 Q% |0 {
to the standardization of the scientific terminology" ]$ F+ l/ S% |
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
% q+ l' `9 W8 M4 W! |8 |4 J( Cscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,: o# C0 t% D5 J' ]7 E
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the7 {+ f4 S6 L' r3 X# q' i
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
2 J) a: f* h- ^5 ?in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien4 V! |2 R' c1 C* K
he established had helped greatly with the popularization: i) r( |' D7 p
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring- B' i+ j$ M$ i3 r5 W% ~
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
& [ M% m0 N: S& X" h& _# Ufor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and6 S7 S0 f! ^* a; H! |( ~
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
& P& Y- C' s" }8 y7 j3 }$ O, K" Tgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific2 ]$ g" T; ]* y; w( e2 f
terminology.) w6 y: |# n9 l* A
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
6 C4 C2 B' x+ U" i- m' }Standardization of terminology translation
+ T1 p% _. W$ GYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to2 E/ y2 N; w6 W, J2 |* p; q: p
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern3 o; M. H8 M' ^! Y# k+ K0 {
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
, N6 T8 m' f3 O; {, Dfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102135 c" E) U' D: z' P" \" |) Z6 l
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213% x$ k: J5 F7 D5 A2 P, ]: j
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5 j- ~8 j" G$ ]) ~INTRODUCTION
5 O! J3 h! P- h9 r4 _3 J( g1 j( \John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and5 M7 Z7 \; b1 I/ T% ?9 S& n
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).% r! J1 S) ~ p! c7 ~
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to3 v0 P2 ]$ f5 X. T+ c5 ~
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
) P* F. g: Z- R6 qSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
) f& G- [$ [1 r' i( }- zby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as( T) y5 u3 t: Z& C' I) G+ a
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on# D- d6 l# }: d$ a# L# U+ i5 h
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-% K" F& ]" m( d8 O. A! o3 \. N+ K1 O
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
0 A: R9 f3 l. h3 F- zworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
N) G$ L$ C9 LFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.* m/ Q+ E+ z4 c2 Y
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated& w2 F% i- K- c1 M3 F- Z1 e3 v
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
8 N" J4 t# ~$ U- jwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
& E2 Q3 U) M W' \% m) yrevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,/ I3 b n0 G- p, Z9 Y
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
( @. @; h. J9 u) ]/ Ybooks that made him the most productive one among the1 p7 l3 M% ^( g
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,- b( F2 h% w( d) o5 r& O5 N! ?
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
5 Y" W" t+ C1 v. i: z- t7 \5 onoble work which could help accelerate the process of
' T+ L4 M! o/ v/ D# A& tpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).0 i4 p6 U! c6 a. {+ E9 i/ q2 c, ?
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
3 P; a: n, ~/ G5 Z6 Calso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western' s& H# D5 Z) N% G. l1 C1 T
science and the standardization of translated scientific7 s0 |- P/ |" t
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
' Q! y x2 N$ e- jmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
$ F; @ j8 m, b' F' [. s0 \4 N9 ?establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another+ p# y+ i. ~8 r; y [$ H
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
) l( }& |; V/ d3 ]3 i/ y0 [# xof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in: n' L: x& E, S# \/ ~
Modern China.1 |. l" k) S8 d5 }& K8 R6 j
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
1 L9 F8 H, D5 D1 A4 E: e( z, IThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of) I1 ]: o) m# N: R
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing( ]- Z1 T8 R- a/ E
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In+ p$ R) q) |' c/ v: z
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
( O5 M: m2 r8 y0 }9 FTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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