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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 . c; u2 f% x* L% N" `1 _
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688! K0 u+ a3 ~3 w+ c7 F& q
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
, W& e2 d. r2 l2 @# Y' c- U2 _YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
8 N: {+ [2 }: @Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China./ r4 I3 a5 j; ?. E: g) T( X5 ~
( Y( i! h$ v8 |/ A L' DLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of+ G' o0 m2 |- v3 t8 e
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.. u& y% Z* @) p) ?1 Q9 C
3 N5 W6 z) _9 n4 O2 s: p9 }2 jSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .* l2 I) H2 l, h( f6 s
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20188 e$ ~! M T" ~" [
Published online 26 January 2018" U4 z: E4 ?( I3 E
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Abstract
* F8 a# n0 c0 wJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
4 o* G* i2 G* D8 u/ r4 ODynasty who came to China and was employed by The; {' o( B9 q0 u
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been) B: }2 `# Z9 s8 X) I6 C7 V
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
% ?' _5 g8 L0 }! s$ Qonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific* o; y! N2 T+ Z2 k1 J
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly" C9 q5 J6 Z- ]" Z/ b% J4 D! J
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
( L% }" E5 ]6 j3 w+ Ttranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s/ Q3 r" E3 `. s
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
1 L- K, Z; Z& o8 m7 b) n" e# aand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the1 q/ `- U. q! W/ a9 Q
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
6 O/ T9 w5 J% g: ^8 K9 Win Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien6 C, T7 u, v' }. G- Z
he established had helped greatly with the popularization2 e. ]9 v2 x2 K) [
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
; |8 F5 h* G2 cthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
% ?4 \3 ~/ y( v# t2 S2 [4 {for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
# }: f& Q7 Q# [8 J# z/ q8 S' uthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a8 a; ?2 y) ?9 }1 L, A
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
( M, | x7 O- Y3 B. {& l1 lterminology.) u) d+ K" w5 k* v
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
# z0 \* K5 l2 \+ ]4 ]# BStandardization of terminology translation0 U; m1 I# v8 g
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to5 H, \4 W8 z% M) C$ `
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
: w" n" t% v, ]" w" c5 QChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
8 R4 R+ P. T- r9 }from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
/ J: D% J. |4 ^6 t( _DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213( b; r+ Y( t% ~& H, C7 B+ D6 H
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INTRODUCTION
- h3 U+ w7 L; l5 G$ j* ^John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and2 B% S8 P8 X9 Q& b2 [: O
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
! p8 ?; R* A4 I# \Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to o( F0 ^& Z- `; D5 A) M u, H4 _
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
9 m0 q& H/ ?2 D% W; g' aSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed" |+ F# s1 C+ d- z, o0 Y) |
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
3 J% X7 S0 c8 x8 _; ^an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on3 i2 k! k. K0 p. E6 H9 P/ E
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-- Q7 d/ ~" |# }4 u6 r
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
, m0 t T/ |: d3 Aworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner," T0 R# l& E8 f, _
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.6 @ W9 X, Y* P" {) V
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated( k ]! _! j# e8 x
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
5 I) H2 Y7 F" J0 bwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
# R( t# x& g0 f3 @9 L$ orevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
& [9 C' B4 J# a' \Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
- ?$ k' q# N9 A8 Cbooks that made him the most productive one among the% B- {& R1 f5 \2 _) T- P
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
( |7 P% M4 r% [" y5 p1 E5 T3 W8 G. Ttranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a: _8 g3 S, k8 K& N* m
noble work which could help accelerate the process of1 G: B0 z3 Q* k8 f4 n: C7 X
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83)., E1 v) c# Z* d8 `7 T3 q
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer" |% h9 v2 I1 ^2 y; |/ i
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
. [+ x3 V3 B- m" O" uscience and the standardization of translated scientific; i' Z- ~8 I5 a( |! Y- ~& c
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific J8 y9 K/ I" i
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
4 g& {. c8 e. J7 H; g- `; Kestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another3 s9 j! |( `4 M. p. V P4 l
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series3 ^( N* o% H% N `+ `$ z
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in, i% \- T6 ] N- E
Modern China.
' O$ d) \, ]1 I: G3 G' E5 YAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published$ x! q9 N. Y* |5 Q# P+ o9 a9 o3 T
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of h: V. x* m8 ~3 ^8 q
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing+ [ w n# O# e. Q o. ?; g. }
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
% U+ y' }7 ]' b% p3 P' F+ H: KJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and+ m8 A7 g( O- L" A9 x5 X
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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