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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
; i' k9 c) z& q9 X" oYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of* _. J1 J! C0 f# M% B( o* q3 N
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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w/ j+ s& F! \2 b3 Y* BLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
6 w+ \4 |' F* K2 TFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.8 f9 N" |$ h( _/ U
! J9 t' R5 R' N5 f0 }; nSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .* G$ J$ J0 K' V
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
2 u8 M; N. o, w2 oPublished online 26 January 20184 b! u8 H1 i% a7 S& {& x
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Abstract! E' w, m; R0 n/ ]# o, v
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
. Y1 M! d9 j' S% {0 p0 gDynasty who came to China and was employed by The w H+ j, G# `, c3 Z
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been+ q& Y: z: t# w7 K3 |7 b R* H" c* r
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not( }# f6 q% D- l! l
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific% ?+ U7 K4 G/ X; \! i2 D
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly% z6 k: Y6 V3 r) }8 v+ d8 s! d
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
2 P9 G- {9 w. t+ Ftranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s, e+ ^$ C) t: ]$ Q8 s' P
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
! j# K: k" k" ~; R6 L& Vand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the$ l# t2 `: E4 Q9 P+ H8 M2 p, Q2 F
standardization of the scientific terminology translation# U0 Q& w" `- l# Q: w
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien; {4 |; x( _& _$ D) ^- S
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
8 J( I$ h( T9 Y* [4 F) Aof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring* @# G$ @8 C$ o- q" |; W
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way/ q( w, Y8 L- H' ]1 G& }' y
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and: |: b" B2 u( p4 J: n' T
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a* o, B+ I) S4 L7 W
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific( C' S8 ~. o1 {+ B1 B
terminology.
6 O: B1 G9 y1 R" ^8 I4 g- Z+ LKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
9 k' m i$ ]* qStandardization of terminology translation
3 u0 H4 A+ C$ \0 V" R9 BYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to9 o" A8 @! X% t8 I# \: T
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern& Y0 | r3 |$ i
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available5 k& r; V9 x+ l& w d. M7 ~0 C# c
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213! m9 c2 V/ _8 u
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213% Z! Z; J, @( D" s6 ]; Z7 I- v
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7 A5 N1 J' I$ |( UINTRODUCTION
1 X2 ^3 w: ~0 `$ BJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and$ P0 U4 M# v. H: i9 t
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).6 \& \# R( i* A6 O5 Z
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
; A4 t4 m0 F* i6 w l7 H7 ]4 O8 EHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
4 T0 w; p4 Q8 ~' g: R! q& }St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
" Z+ g/ R7 N" J1 e7 Q. k) B" Oby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
- o4 |6 N4 y% c. d' r9 B- ean editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
1 q) D4 z3 a$ Y4 P. ?' mhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
2 W& ]. O l4 S5 }3 I, ?1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
+ ^8 o$ |3 V3 g" { d! R* Y4 eworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner, X6 L& O0 z3 }5 W) Q
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
% l" K7 W4 u) j* B+ ?; _Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated5 S7 a( b- `; @$ ~) U) c
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant' B* `; N, k; u% W& I" j6 W
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,- Z' o2 M: R+ R8 E$ ^3 `5 D, o
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,9 x( X/ D G; O6 h
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western0 g% n5 r$ F& y1 D
books that made him the most productive one among the
/ o+ l. M- [: _" Uforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,( g0 S5 r- T) a
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
1 W/ E: D+ j- e) L4 V3 p* O' Nnoble work which could help accelerate the process of
2 M& W5 b( \7 M# wpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
3 r, G1 w1 }" G2 I5 i* `/ p- kIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer7 L5 H9 O% [! [: m6 U
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western2 W1 n4 g; V2 m+ c/ \8 C9 D$ Q
science and the standardization of translated scientific
/ e1 i1 ^" a C7 Mterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
+ k. k4 [# r9 B" Q0 @6 p$ @magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the. k8 y/ C7 w& o$ s8 p$ V' J
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
- p1 R7 l; g- ccontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series; ?! Z8 y" P8 |+ n5 ]
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in5 C `! _/ W6 q
Modern China.
$ ?* @9 t \" T% UAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
/ q, R) N+ {3 Y% `' zThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of; a: A* ?3 O" W& B# z! k
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing% J2 o& d" O) f
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In7 Q( r4 o- P+ t' h
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
4 }9 ~' B8 U3 B C9 mTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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