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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106889 F( ^/ V9 e- A1 z" b! U" `) g
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
7 v/ g& Q' ?( ~* w3 \ ^YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
& P0 f5 y; A% x. ?7 C& O9 WFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
; \7 R, j. W$ ?6 w! z" G- ]! b5 P7 r: X' u
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
9 A5 e: S# ^/ R* ~' Z3 B oFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .5 I1 H5 V, P' U t) N8 t
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018) J e$ ], W2 x0 H5 f
Published online 26 January 2018
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. q, Q: ]8 e) B% {, rAbstract! `' w I$ O0 M7 [6 r) J2 g* F. a
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing" d3 x- W$ i' Z- Z0 d3 S |
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
+ `; F0 g5 J- i1 DTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been, E3 @1 J3 I L6 h
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not- Z) I4 N% U! `, L M6 c
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific. k- N8 q8 U o6 K# i( |
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly" _% X0 p; `4 k1 A$ u+ \1 {
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
1 G. ^) i& z* j* y* I! u2 btranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s. j; m( V P# k, z9 A a4 e4 h% J
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
8 D& G" P6 _3 r! }5 ]9 b0 d5 mand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
# S: k2 g9 g; t5 lstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
6 R3 G% ]8 h' B. h/ B; Fin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien" b/ M( N& V$ m, ^; R2 @2 P2 u
he established had helped greatly with the popularization0 Y* q1 S7 N. f' U
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
5 A$ l ~! o4 kthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
- F! ~4 H8 {$ L3 r. I/ ofor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and; ?) U2 q7 F. q8 v: h2 T( ^/ I
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a9 k3 T9 j7 a2 V1 G0 e
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
+ O7 N8 z. c; U( rterminology.. \8 ^; r% h# Q& d8 t( D- p
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;$ n$ d# u* w4 U) [+ i, ?! }( w0 ]
Standardization of terminology translation& R# A% I2 Y% ?7 m& W
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
- U, Z& R% ~4 YStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern9 d+ g: }* m0 ~. z/ @$ d
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available L8 k: b. N+ `
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102139 `5 K) S: ~" f/ Q
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION
( N8 {8 u6 ]8 [3 a% i) tJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and, ?( d0 d( r5 G- N/ g3 E
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).& }" V1 B1 C G$ ~0 o4 ?
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
- p% B7 X1 ]% W2 h5 s& W7 uHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of* M7 a7 U4 Z B
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed. h( G9 n0 C2 K( |" q* \" t
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
& c |, r1 I. r0 can editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
+ ]: n% y' p! ghis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
7 p) H4 H6 u C8 r1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
1 V; s( P" z: n8 `works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
0 [$ V3 t! b( }5 OFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.1 c5 f; [% U- z& s8 }6 R
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated5 U/ a$ ^% a8 {! B, C) j
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
5 u4 N, J$ L0 u5 J. Q6 Vwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
) z; V) W! k; H% f/ ~# C7 L% @revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,+ ?4 ^3 @7 O3 T+ |. {. b' i2 h
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
9 g, |, ^: \* e. c4 Xbooks that made him the most productive one among the
! a2 b: V# |1 \* a" |foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
! D# m* E# A! B3 b, D6 _translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
" }2 i6 T e9 o) Y, V4 e! c8 u. Ynoble work which could help accelerate the process of
* @# C) q- |. l/ k8 v9 W+ Ppeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
3 K- U3 N& m: w( D' MIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer- o' | m5 ? o# t
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western9 } ]7 i2 G) k \+ d5 F8 z/ T% m
science and the standardization of translated scientific4 d4 _( I. ^! o8 ^, Q i7 e
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific k# G7 g' i/ @
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
0 [7 y* N. C6 x, d+ s: U% festablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
! V/ Q7 J/ K8 N: I4 p& ncontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series7 i! D! I# I1 i, Q5 \
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
' ?8 i$ k* F! e; ?: f$ o0 {Modern China.
. d& d% O3 Q8 f8 a VAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
% |7 R. O' v' c7 VThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of1 C+ _. x" z, L3 X3 J) B
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
6 P7 i3 Y) g9 q$ Ta lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In) Y% w# Q% d4 @; N, b
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and+ c# V0 e* k) u. d7 U, z# {
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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