 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
How to figure a home's fundamental value, S; z( I! v- C
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
' T; {% D6 E' a O$ o# m h- V5 L) |0 K; \
Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.8 f! c& ^# N: u0 c. F
$ D# s. o- P& l7 t3 w3 C8 X& j. f
Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
$ R- f2 ]7 c5 A
! O) B% _* l( ^2 }6 ]% e- E, f! ~To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
8 W( s) b9 G. F2 g% }! m
. P5 ?+ i9 P* k& B, @
2 y$ G7 h3 H) i: R5 ~) Y- dIn Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
) o7 S2 S% t5 `1 D0 `5 S$ O# X% K
1 z! _% |7 |3 x5 ~# d* s0 g5 U: _San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27. ]/ S( }; K, V3 c. D3 X2 `1 h# n
San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.; c6 g& K& e- }3 b3 f
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988." Q S x9 P. y" M) ?& W6 j
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
, g- ~8 W( w6 n0 d0 F% \' h/ ?1 o5 Y3 i9 J7 B: O
If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.. K) a* f2 Z0 g Z& h6 H) ?3 c) ~2 ~
' L: X0 ]3 v- H( @* IIf home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
1 B" e, ~4 c2 k- J' Z; P
2 b; @) l; A* y3 Z5 s Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
0 d8 o& q! @9 s! j4 y% d Avg. 1988-2000 2001
7 |7 g& L& N: N; }! ^: WBoston 20.5 30.2 ; b9 \. V, ]8 m( D
San Diego 22.8 29.7
5 I; ]* H" f2 [, ]' S* B( aSan Francisco 23.8 27.2 - R% \: e1 q6 c$ f6 r- M' S1 `
Los Angeles 21.3 25.6
1 z" f2 d/ ~) j8 [. x( QSeattle 20.4 25
/ F# m7 G& j3 MDenver 17.7 23.7 % n* V' C6 m2 j
New York 21.2 22.5 ' D3 @- p$ ^; L4 j R J$ i: u
Chicago 17.2 20.8
* J! W4 f2 N& Y: L4 b' ^" vWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
$ ~" N8 n9 ^' r
' _: A7 E! _" }$ s" y
& g9 z: O" I6 r
1 e* l1 k" Z* _9 H- {* YIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
- i! p" J/ u/ `' Z7 `
, k" T/ }; Y/ A) h& T7 Z$ l, z0 l$ v. i8 U0 ~
From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
|