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How to figure a home's fundamental value
# Z$ i) n9 F4 N: C: ^7 JLeamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.. Y8 @- s3 T3 S2 d7 _! n& D
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Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
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7 w$ O7 l& `) D* I7 LLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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" b% e6 V4 @7 j% g) |! [To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:8 I% ?( N( t% m; h, D8 V. e$ K7 c
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988." \( v2 I5 R' ], w9 J0 S
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.; ]3 b; q8 K- D" f9 v |& c
San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4., o: p4 y" X+ I1 K
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
1 d3 K# r; X: O: Z6 _1 eYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
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" ` m/ E; c& u- D- ]% x) l( P. qIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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, [. O5 @: N9 w# s d% y% LIf home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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$ K8 N0 k1 Z: @ N Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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Boston 20.5 30.2 " x! N0 M- `5 {2 R3 F! {+ [
San Diego 22.8 29.7
. O j# T1 a& WSan Francisco 23.8 27.2 6 l2 X0 u, c! d4 Y2 y
Los Angeles 21.3 25.6 6 w( Y; }7 N* {1 H" E4 a
Seattle 20.4 25
1 f8 \+ Z# ?& Y NDenver 17.7 23.7
% U# k4 h' \4 [! i* W6 qNew York 21.2 22.5 ( x5 k) y9 J8 H: A* `/ A
Chicago 17.2 20.8
! Z9 U$ y( l% H3 [. V, KWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4 2 W6 B8 w3 I9 @* ~
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9 _8 _: M0 Z4 V# l# ~( |It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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