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How to figure a home's fundamental value& ~; Q+ O+ X3 S" V
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed./ f0 g6 X& r/ G0 a: F' y
% O4 ^2 U! ~% C, M' z, x3 oLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:- ^& _' Y/ H9 Z. P% [2 K
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.8 ^' t" C" f# x# i' G: c6 y# Y
- b- ^, b C$ k8 fSan Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
0 C' |0 S7 x. e$ C( l2 k1 aSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
6 i D) U7 F f# U2 x" qNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.' ~' _3 W+ E/ q' k
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
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If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming." f* L8 b: z2 q% t" I7 r
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.: k+ w2 G7 x- f. a8 h4 o
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas : J% o& y8 `1 n
Avg. 1988-2000 2001 , ?! h6 a6 N% @ d% y" d
Boston 20.5 30.2 5 a1 \) { |1 s2 q7 r- { c
San Diego 22.8 29.7 ( w( c# m7 a4 }( F
San Francisco 23.8 27.2 * I5 I( f: u7 c$ C
Los Angeles 21.3 25.6 % J- w @. L) H& x! N! q4 N+ g( F: J
Seattle 20.4 25
! |5 @" h- B4 RDenver 17.7 23.7 0 b/ {% M2 a/ q% U& }
New York 21.2 22.5 $ G4 G# N& B) J- y* l
Chicago 17.2 20.8
1 g7 s: o' K$ A4 JWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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# J0 e4 ]7 c" ]& {% EIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.$ X! ^: B0 i/ s
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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