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How to figure a home's fundamental value
/ K7 H( M9 V8 ~% Z' Y6 _. e; CLeamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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% z5 {! ~. }( [' j3 ]* NNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed./ ~& C* q9 s$ {4 {7 T: D3 O8 Y
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Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.6 x/ ]( x# h% W \( P% P x3 t
8 K4 f5 U$ `' U0 g4 XTo calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:% c3 R% H5 y& w0 e4 {
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.8 o- [ o2 G/ I0 E8 O$ n* t
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San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
6 P( Z) q2 R9 u' N8 g; ~2 fSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.6 B# L7 D& @- r
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.! w1 A) Y- R: H2 X3 a0 U
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
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If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.$ e$ i. h# {6 r" I
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas . s/ W$ t0 L8 l+ N8 v5 a; j
Avg. 1988-2000 2001 5 `0 Q }; z2 t" G) u
Boston 20.5 30.2
! `/ }3 M6 `% g+ iSan Diego 22.8 29.7 # v l" Z; f/ M* J
San Francisco 23.8 27.2 0 L) j+ J# P6 Z6 N( Y1 W
Los Angeles 21.3 25.6 * k4 [- h/ p( N5 V% L
Seattle 20.4 25
! y. A0 j. d, ]2 L( JDenver 17.7 23.7
' Z! a9 b/ { Y1 a8 `New York 21.2 22.5
+ v' {; _, K+ z k- x$ T$ H. G7 wChicago 17.2 20.8 : d/ a6 J5 J( l3 D
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4 8 U, o: s& l. J
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& E! A1 H) s9 XIt's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.8 B" h. p2 ^( J2 O
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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