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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语% R2 s" Q+ H" a( w% i
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
# X4 `$ d; x4 W之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
! `. |; a7 i  [) C/ k' S! j若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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(1) empty suit:
! A8 t# F3 A3 E. U指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。- _+ |% A# Y! z7 W$ v2 h1 U
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)8 m9 N. w4 O1 u+ a7 l
例如:) A* @" q  \5 u/ M5 w/ K3 Q0 \
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
1 Y7 L4 S2 R5 C  O( A(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
0 Y, j- L  r' |' AMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.; O) w0 {# D% c' m; m; b
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
/ j: O2 E  q. r: Y! U虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
2 o, h/ c. y8 G  |( a& n! |The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
' j: h$ U9 D/ ]$ i* o8 T(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)- c+ U% G- G+ B/ @
(2) fair-haired boy:7 `$ B% z2 R2 b6 K2 D, |2 R" F
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
! @) h! [& q% ]9 }* A' N(通常用单数,当名词用): V; _9 J! B) G. B  V& K
例如:
, O. s4 h( f) n( n: Q* Q0 I: I* MMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.5 ]9 }1 b- {/ t/ E5 l4 @/ C' s
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)6 ?' X2 h$ k$ h( R9 q
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
# I2 G/ [( S  R. t% J5 V: c2 `+ S(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)1 J; n! \/ `& J/ k
有时也可用复数:5 F0 o. l6 G$ r5 Z% Y9 Y
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.  a$ P- f! R& o
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
8 z, t4 I+ {5 [: T" `) WFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
: e# O* G3 D1 J# K; q2 m(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
8 G1 F8 W$ _& A+ g" \9 j! c(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)0 O2 ^8 m$ i& _4 Y/ j, i
(3) fishing expedition:
/ b& N6 ^6 i) N" c0 L, p2 Y为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
! S/ K" X0 {  ^8 T) S(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数). j5 ~% Y! u! x/ B
例如:
* W: N$ I3 q4 d6 v0 z) D% \: H: EThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.0 p$ o4 i7 A0 l$ s' F( l+ w
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。). m0 p# j6 y! e
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
- M2 C; {" X- ]* a6 f(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
* P) V' h0 L$ A, Q6 _(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
; k* B# H+ t# e% GThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.5 q) m( ]. p. J) s+ X
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
- ]7 ?+ U! f+ M6 M偶尔也有人用复数:2 }; t4 T! }3 f! Y9 @4 A" `
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.1 U. f8 v% Q9 b* [# T" l4 I
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
1 L9 s" k) x9 q  k(4) filthy rich:
& l$ s9 K7 Z) c2 _3 H意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
3 }( o: V& a, b0 b; J(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
& L0 `7 h: H. E" [" \) R多半当形容词用。例如:
  P# r* Z- b7 v" L. t6 }6 y* ZWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
: F4 s, l5 y1 ?9 |! b# x! p( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
: K6 U$ [; w9 e6 {- W; v5 c# s+ BDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.0 s4 r# ^  P! H- C. j
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
' ~, W* X" B# s& fA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.+ _' q4 s7 n% B  F( f
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
6 ?/ O9 Y/ L" c* t$ i0 A  I2 pFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.% M  C" e6 X1 l# Y7 \
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)8 U1 f( K/ r: b7 P$ E$ c% `: U+ A9 a; k
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
$ w  d4 g! U+ |- a5 z2 b(5) fairy godmother:
- ]$ g- I) F2 S9 a+ j指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)& d" P) |# E; \4 x1 b7 B
(多半指有钱的女人)
/ `0 n) v0 E! `" F7 y2 J(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
" y7 ^- _( h- f; ?6 P9 wMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.  E; r8 ]4 o' e9 V
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
! p! Q2 i2 {: g& e0 bAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.9 {. |4 t" g$ V
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)9 d) s( a2 Y7 Z+ [$ `
有时也用复数:
) z) `6 r# ?* z2 ^9 wOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.+ H4 o2 D' w/ S9 ]6 U+ L" s/ w
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
5 i' a  ^( c5 Y; S) r, b( [5 pIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.% a2 R) b) C2 i4 _; g9 p
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)+ [  D; A5 [2 v% k% A
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6)eye opener:; l9 @' D9 S1 S' J9 Q$ K
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
. N8 L7 O" g: O$ [(当名词用;通常只用单数)
$ K* a; o& Y0 q例如:
* [1 z' ~" y4 ?) N0 EYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.  k4 h' z  [" Z8 D) q& {6 W
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)  b3 ^$ h4 ?1 q0 K/ X& M; w
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
, K! T7 R! r8 s. h. i(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)8 l: O' y, d' I
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
6 F/ T/ v2 g6 {' _$ f: {' _(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)1 h$ j& E5 [; Q6 w( o5 x
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.9 B3 w) x1 q/ u( |) L
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。). a8 X8 f' |( q6 Q  B' G
(7) hot dog:
: Q3 H" {6 F$ j7 d7 c指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
5 q# o+ K3 H. I8 N例如:
# G7 k/ ]( a: \6 j/ @Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
$ a" ^% Q# y; H8 W6 ^+ ^% T(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
! n, j2 y4 O8 }) J: Y& y, U(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
# u9 b  C" U; f# Z  i6 J# |) cIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.4 _6 L+ U) a- L) U) V8 C
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
2 B6 ]+ Z7 h: J+ D(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
1 ~) Y, m: [( a) }2 l. z6 [During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.8 M9 U* ?: ~* H1 ], A" I
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)0 P4 [6 [- |/ ~: m6 {/ I7 D
也指真正的热狗食物:- `4 Z2 p- g6 e
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
) E. F( Y( e, F7 r! A6 {+ w% d" N(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
7 d6 j8 f0 B  W+ v# R' i也可表达欣赏的心情:6 K; h* N7 F0 o$ {/ d* Y" [
Hot dog ! What great news for me.- m; X9 W7 u* n' _- g0 g8 e# ~; V
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
) V) N- W6 c2 `- B0 n8 E(8)eager beaver:1 X5 e5 P9 y. \& O
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
5 A. V$ T& o' ^(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
" n8 }  g# s/ L(当名词用,可指男女)
( [7 p7 W2 W; ?例如:
5 l- Y9 |! V, e" WJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
( s7 ?3 U% _9 a* H" q(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。); k9 h7 j4 G5 i# g& J1 N
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
  M* f4 q# t7 n" ^% x) k. q(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)% R  `+ ?( \1 N4 @2 r( q& E- X
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?. p6 d+ A3 x. w
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
( s( k, L5 X4 f6 A- D( KYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.. q* [+ `! K" t; ~; j' h/ v8 t- s
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)! `7 d0 D( m- V3 w% _( N  E
(9)doubting Thomas:* Z) g% ]: o" w) }
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)# G+ e2 p3 @, j3 P( o; G* J; n* Z
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)6 O2 G- c$ O- R$ e1 }
(当名词用)7 S; }6 h. g/ v" u
例如:) `: t( w, I0 O- U
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
. D. H6 Z( R3 Z6 A( u* f(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)8 e- X$ j$ ?3 x; b
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.' L8 R9 {4 c  k0 q6 p. E( c  b# D
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
# f3 V0 H3 k! U8 B: [1 G& ?' R) A2 {也可用复数:
3 |9 A% y& X. yMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.0 G' Q! L  N1 L+ R8 [0 u) J
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)7 {! `6 y$ s) m7 S" [$ r; L* X, }
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.7 g, t3 m' H% ?, O& ?
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
) \' n7 [9 w; S9 @: ]: N5 d# J7 c4 Z(10)dragon lady:
5 v4 u3 n. K# e8 Y指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用): [+ z  n/ V% D! D3 c
例如:
% {- y4 j0 P% K. ~& q6 S8 t8 U1 xThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
0 U0 v* s1 D/ v! x) |+ \' K/ |(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
" c. _/ |2 I/ y8 DI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.% h+ N, ^2 ^7 d; B
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
5 Y, g' E1 o7 k. d5 E4 k( U6 wShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?9 C+ q& G2 ]% @: k, ]
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?), O, ~" L8 C4 D+ Q5 ^
也可用复数:
5 K' D. T9 Y+ O* @There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
* m' `4 N9 R: y1 j5 |5 V(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。): f; S' }) ~. n; e: k& y
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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