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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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& S' [& Y' d. y, _$ p5 \6 }' [+ q在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯/ C7 _4 e  p0 I
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。( e$ w1 e) k; p, A
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!; Q$ x- @1 p) Y0 K/ G
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(1) empty suit:7 l2 [# I, n( T/ B0 }# r
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。! o' d$ k' Q# m! w
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
8 c% j7 c+ ^( D+ R; Z7 ^例如:
3 y  s& U7 R: m* ?' \; z7 C5 p" OAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.' p  P, Z4 G  h$ \
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)  W2 j( B. o5 _- z+ Y$ [3 f  k
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.& d1 n# P) Y6 i' \" P  g1 J& j
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)* \2 w+ c$ N) }/ K( y# m/ Z, r2 Y
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
3 Z. s1 G+ l6 M0 H% T+ D( rThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
8 c: Q7 B* {- j- u3 }(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)# T( N0 B& j4 S; q1 l6 D
(2) fair-haired boy:
+ T; {4 F' Y8 N" H. J指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
3 V3 V5 y- Z  u2 D3 b(通常用单数,当名词用)8 Y& s2 R" m! B: u% Z! R3 u
例如:' ~) t+ ~0 {' b5 d
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
5 b# @6 B0 L3 s+ e, o* ^6 d. g* {( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)! w( r; p" a; Y- w+ ]# i& h  c: u
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
6 ^( @* N& A: H, ^# r! z2 ?(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
" h' A5 t8 A: u7 X& W有时也可用复数:+ `5 v) v7 j) E" o, j2 ^
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.& _# J8 U' ^& |! U
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)0 ~2 _$ S6 t, W! f. k- ]3 l
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
) A* z5 M0 X1 S; G7 x(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。). k! I3 I. A, b- k0 Z  Q5 M4 |& G
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)& n) `' t8 ^+ b4 k$ Y
(3) fishing expedition:8 l/ V1 @5 d$ ]8 `* f$ c1 y0 W/ R
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)7 N$ d9 Q2 A! P: V1 n
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)$ l0 `+ Y6 p; Y* z. ~7 @
例如:: j# M; g' U/ J1 g1 O8 a/ g% m
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.# R8 a) }$ `; t1 v/ l
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
& M) k' H. u* M) k. ]The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.1 m. d! k& ]3 q6 t- p1 A- Y$ G/ J
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
$ i& M. l5 U  X& D(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)) G+ N+ k1 r: J( J
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
: m9 |2 e  X& t% O  v(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)0 B' {1 ?' ~5 J5 r9 V
偶尔也有人用复数:
! R5 [5 S  O# }7 @- [. Y4 }Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
0 M7 R! b/ ^& Q(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
: n! p; I  e; P$ B" B6 E+ ?! u* P(4) filthy rich:: {( n8 y8 u5 G$ p* I
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
2 T+ C2 t! ^" F7 Q(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
% o6 M' V: x" `, }$ D多半当形容词用。例如:7 v1 j/ N& N* Z0 t5 c
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
/ w& G0 e" ~0 H# h! x9 o% g( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
' V( j8 }+ D( n2 K2 D! j( V2 ZDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
2 f2 c0 R% O% j; \1 A(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)( e8 }/ k, m! g
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.! r$ v5 x0 G* B
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)& B- C/ {; Y! I8 W% G5 y
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.6 ^) M! B- ^1 }9 ^: O6 @
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
  ^* S6 G: _$ m(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
4 n6 p, x+ l8 P% g(5) fairy godmother:% [5 L- |  N0 \" K
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)) G4 S8 {: ~: K: r7 |4 l6 S: G% k
(多半指有钱的女人)
& B$ u1 L, r9 c2 o0 I(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:4 _9 E; R! f' |- @2 Q& ^& O
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
: `$ D' i* n7 i- k(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)" m/ ]( l7 ?" `; P
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
5 ?. C! I, `4 z& @3 W6 [7 j) N(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
8 V$ v- V2 g4 h" `  f/ |有时也用复数:
& d& `8 J' Q3 B$ ]# COnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
  v8 ]" V9 j% M1 N7 V6 c$ r( z0 K(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
) x0 h- g. C/ ^. nIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
" L* n" Q4 R: y) w(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener:" q0 c: l0 A4 @
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
8 v% l& J6 `% J! ~* D9 k; y(当名词用;通常只用单数)
" ?, \2 E; q7 A+ E0 {例如:( h9 h' l, Y4 q8 g0 r) Q" {! N$ ^  C
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
0 E6 x  K! g3 K* Y: _6 z( t9 z" f(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)2 _8 L& T2 m. E6 D
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.) b" t- j# K' q! k' d
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
. I& q4 v4 n2 i# vThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.0 [" i* ^9 q" E  ~; l* Z
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
7 u# d9 s* f: W3 r6 PSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
* W2 X: D9 |( }7 S* M(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)- A, ~2 K; n7 h! h' B; a! y1 w  |
(7) hot dog:
) x& Z2 `" x3 K2 z2 c3 i指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
$ u$ h" n1 }  N) _/ n" U例如:, [/ y/ t# y$ ~/ Z
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
/ l6 k! i  s1 k; W- W# \# ^(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。), y" @' p1 e. t/ Y5 {, Q( L
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)' v, h9 x8 T# P  ^- I8 r: Z; c# [
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog./ J" F2 A% x& b
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
0 \- ]2 ]7 x* g+ e! U- K2 g(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)' U5 g) ~" F) `
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.+ q1 W- i6 K1 B5 u  ~$ |1 {6 u
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)( U9 O) N6 I2 ^
也指真正的热狗食物:) a" u. L0 ]4 q' K" `: o% H" T
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S., Z" e8 L/ e7 t0 B9 C- p* \; g+ v* O
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。): [2 K* R( B, q" m& s5 h/ F
也可表达欣赏的心情:1 B" H8 o5 t+ U" X
Hot dog ! What great news for me.: f/ Z* W- U" V* y" \# m3 Z
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
- U/ U5 O6 n3 g) @/ a(8)eager beaver:/ a* O2 d  F3 X# c! @) r
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)  `* P+ C7 ?, ]+ f& z
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)( @6 ?( L$ E. e' E
(当名词用,可指男女)  G& w* \/ B" C9 j- I
例如:6 V+ J3 j$ ]6 G. ]! m
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
7 `9 ^8 {8 g& K3 u6 L" f(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)* g6 q+ U, X. f0 z1 Y" y
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
, k% h" A* y" m(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
3 n+ w, x3 Z' G: ], ~- O' o" FDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?+ y' R; X" l6 h8 d' `# E3 [
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)5 O3 J7 h9 Z- B3 ~$ D/ y' ]: L
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.4 E' \9 _/ U5 O# e
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
! a+ V  }5 X5 @0 W) d* x(9)doubting Thomas:+ a. E1 z3 L- F" w
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)/ B$ s( l* Q% F5 {% {' f) I
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)+ n6 j5 o7 v3 Z8 U. I; a
(当名词用)
# E/ T- U  R7 [# ^9 ]+ {例如:" N/ W- b& }. A! y  x0 O6 w
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.4 T& \# f# c2 i7 R
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
, Q" A% Q" T* D/ V) f" CThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.8 W% }; |( H: I( [$ ~6 j! Q
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
5 W3 v7 |3 y* l: C& W, y也可用复数:0 u1 C2 ~4 E: d3 x" {
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people., o6 U* \! v4 f" \9 i0 ^
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
8 p6 s, l( d! H0 n& XIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
5 K) k& o0 t- L) h+ ?) \(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
( `% x5 H* \. w1 g(10)dragon lady:
+ V) M; M- F8 c) G7 c指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)( e8 n, l, t8 `* N0 K2 }7 P; W
例如:, H- Y" e) {6 i, d* w
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.! b8 O7 [+ \9 }. P! i( d
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
7 D! w" j) S# n  i* A$ h* Z4 ?I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.- J$ E% m1 d, n
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)" K, k2 o: A( Q7 j
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?7 i1 V- [: T" _( p1 _3 Y, F3 G
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
! G: [! Y: n+ ]. F也可用复数:6 m& R, Q* N& K( Y9 s: k5 C% ~
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
; s  D7 Z* Y3 B. q: X. X(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。); V8 H, I2 x: t4 u/ b
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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