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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯2 c, w, V$ |) o. A8 B
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
  H8 J# B1 d0 o* w  e# Z9 j0 U若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!. ~2 \* H5 h# \
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(1) empty suit:( ~) g+ }& M+ l7 m7 m# v
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
; p; b+ g  v- J(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)! T; n$ B. p& H$ P( `! Q8 v: d
例如:
$ {- E! E( _1 |" F) S! y4 i, }An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public." v9 [: h9 D& C; ~1 x$ k- \7 ?' o/ {
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)2 T; d1 F1 G* B$ f. q% I
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.7 N; a- |3 K" T3 Q2 u2 D5 h. `
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
0 B6 }4 n1 M, h: Z' _, e$ z" [% k虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:5 Q# s2 }/ Y# `* ~, Q8 j
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.0 \8 g( n5 m* N% r
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
- o2 w( x, S" f; J(2) fair-haired boy:) _5 {9 }" H: j8 {. R2 r
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
. l7 k& ~/ }" p  V# ?(通常用单数,当名词用)3 l  X2 n% q' U* B6 X6 U# C1 R
例如:% T) z! G) m8 A  w1 M$ [$ M: c
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.6 J' p! K5 ^( R4 `5 F" A7 L5 S
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
0 f# x5 x$ q+ ^Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
/ w" a0 g0 X4 E5 p# z' ?& Z, I$ R(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
; B! {% l* M& P7 `/ x有时也可用复数:; F+ C* P. T: T
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.+ s  T' b: Q- I0 A' U' r# t" f
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。); c; h: w1 X" j
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
: Q2 g3 v2 w# U9 x5 p3 k8 \(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)* ]/ _3 p* Z! c
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
% x& c7 B, B: a' O3 e: b& R" d# u(3) fishing expedition:
; z  }/ I6 o& w% S为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)7 j+ s( U7 B3 @  b- W
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
4 J+ }9 C1 l: R) {例如:
6 J" t( N: u! Z. C2 i5 Q6 k8 s' C2 YThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
+ ]8 F5 v$ [- c. u* k(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
- Q8 r9 l) a% v$ _: Z7 wThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
! r* S8 @; t2 V7 _(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
' l" Z8 z0 [7 w; P6 O$ @, v. [& W(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)( f1 N$ S9 \5 i2 S
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
9 d/ i- r( C8 i, V2 N% _. L% Q(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)1 G4 w" y( ~! q7 J) k" T
偶尔也有人用复数:
8 s; T! }" u; O2 j: p) A' mSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
1 W% F) A0 M2 Q0 ~9 x9 R7 `(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
0 q# u/ Y8 q: T" D2 r(4) filthy rich:% u3 N9 {6 c4 f$ m% S, f
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
+ o8 i9 ~1 k' [& y+ A6 p(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)# v/ w) a* s( h; h- u) p$ }
多半当形容词用。例如:
4 m9 e# L# u5 I& s* J, AWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.0 G) g( m: u0 y2 z0 _3 ]
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)4 e: J3 \' L% R9 ?* J
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
- u/ f1 s7 O2 ]# Y# {3 [4 U# b(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
* W2 p( R6 Y7 p4 O9 t  w; mA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.0 @; t' y5 h" d$ V. K9 r% g& e
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)# C4 l3 ]* M9 Q7 w0 i! w
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters., o1 _3 }- _0 V& [5 U
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
2 [5 Z' |: S, ~; c1 m) i% B' S8 |' U(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)# T$ \; p3 r9 V( }
(5) fairy godmother:9 c3 ?1 k0 e9 J4 ]
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)$ l; r6 x7 ^) v
(多半指有钱的女人)2 m5 j5 @, n" X+ ~. M$ P. u& S
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
" F' h& u* d5 ?! z" |0 lMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.! @0 Z4 d/ f$ G! p* ^0 O0 S
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。); F+ U8 K% G1 R( ~
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother./ M( |" X2 [3 o
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
$ h+ O. h& q5 ~7 D有时也用复数:. H& s* h% S% @: j8 H! @  D) L
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.& O0 H$ M5 }# t! n* p+ J
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
, z. K% ]  s+ c% NIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
+ _- f$ f8 W) ?/ O(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener:" w" u$ ^& y7 j$ n: [7 D
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)9 a  r+ K( P' h6 L2 a2 m4 k
(当名词用;通常只用单数)2 |# O+ O# Y: w5 p& G7 T8 @
例如:% }+ n8 _% g3 y) ^! S5 x1 ^" p; H
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
0 F4 C% Q# A5 s. R(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)+ ~/ M2 l; W8 n" c
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
1 ?/ ?& |, N' i+ L(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
! u  s3 I) b. B+ zThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.- B; X+ o9 B+ r. A0 `1 R0 ^
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
3 ~# w" D/ ?9 _+ ?' `Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
3 t( q5 ]  ?6 w% ?) t' L(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)" X$ f$ m7 f9 u  u; E5 ?# X
(7) hot dog:
7 P1 R, ~5 a8 r& U指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
) M/ M( c- g+ ?: f# }例如:
: s' c( b+ @# W$ @% VSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
) Z/ Q8 G- p3 Z) m0 K(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)0 {- D  X" J+ E& H4 @
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)) j$ O7 t4 g. O8 a2 g
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
: M7 D7 Z/ K+ A' }5 ]; e(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
0 \7 u! |& w( I(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)% [# w# q1 M! `( R9 C3 x
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.( c# f! [- K* V# X$ I: n
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)( M  L6 v- Z1 F" S8 a' n! u( V
也指真正的热狗食物:7 i& N& G: G$ n
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.) ^+ h* W, b2 V- B# r: J: T
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。), Z0 }3 i9 `5 \9 y# P
也可表达欣赏的心情:
2 i2 N" S. U0 C1 M$ LHot dog ! What great news for me.
: J+ P) F) h8 n* a; G$ {9 {(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)- o) z3 M) q! S$ ^- y) _
(8)eager beaver:# f# z. A* E/ y* l2 |& W0 r
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
/ r, q( W7 N: v7 O3 D(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
$ y& ~; y9 q3 o7 y8 z: ^0 p(当名词用,可指男女)
7 E7 L5 u( ]4 b; |例如:
' X' I. ^$ Z  o% r2 s/ a' ]+ mJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late./ u4 c" S6 A$ x/ I5 \0 m
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
. c8 Y) L8 G; D) p) k  s+ h6 u! y- VBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
1 l) ]( C/ N! ~, [(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。), ^! ~$ l# `) d% i
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
, I3 {8 @( T1 l" @" J(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
. z8 t7 j, V( f1 u1 AYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.: E  w! o, e' J/ J1 L" }
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
" q0 S/ \- V& G(9)doubting Thomas:: w0 C0 P/ {) P
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)+ l* L+ v: M" l  q; ~8 K/ U
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
. @0 u" y! }. N) r, f5 M# |(当名词用)
. M) U! n! R7 W  K- ^% q例如:
8 l- p3 r3 U2 F4 p! x" x* K8 ^I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.. O+ J5 I! \) u( M" L: H
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。); l; n. n# T6 C$ ]' |  Y- C7 p/ ?, X
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
& Y& G8 z, v3 b; k$ c(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)' {+ E- F8 _; E3 E: E% \" D: W8 A
也可用复数:
  D! {. t$ K2 i( ]/ j& EMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
. I/ t( t! ?& c2 t; Z  v0 i(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)- w2 w4 {. d7 a2 C, B* e& O" q& [
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.% K- e! V- R4 {) F8 b
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
2 h& R! i  N* U8 v5 b(10)dragon lady:& E- v* F1 o8 e  B
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用): V! q1 o7 X  p* U# ]
例如:; u2 K( W, e6 @- N; J+ f9 e
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.7 L/ Z4 s2 k4 V) M* G3 H' ?( D
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)& u# q9 a7 s. E3 G6 ]# B" ^& r
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
- ]: D9 l2 d3 k(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
; Z( S% A  X$ }, o, k( MShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
4 G6 \9 F/ d7 i9 v(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
  H. X! j1 m2 u3 ?: t7 R也可用复数:
: }+ c. I3 {  r; _0 s  x' K3 lThere may be many dragon ladies in our community./ o" C, |2 l* H3 h) J0 T
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)8 B- G2 c5 D% O  y
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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