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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯0 _: r5 o6 F6 p7 P! X1 Z5 n
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。% x5 c, |/ Z) R; W3 e
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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(1) empty suit:
$ F' i) U6 E. t  x+ ]指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。8 N! x. ^: F# ^3 o
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)3 v7 [, I" X9 `1 `$ g% O, K
例如:
* E' v0 a5 {( V. e) ]. v$ `  xAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
& [  K% Z7 @, N( q8 c1 E# W$ ]0 X(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)4 I- }0 X( R# H2 ?) _
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit." I/ X. b8 y$ ~& }- V. B
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。): Q# v' B, S, m8 l2 Q
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:! R3 q2 g+ S# z- J/ r4 H- S
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.: `4 z  H/ I+ q' ]8 k4 l2 X
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
/ Z6 k& H5 r4 O4 f: O" q( R/ g(2) fair-haired boy:1 \& y* T0 g% o* B
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
" w" n5 j7 B; C; {2 o(通常用单数,当名词用)+ k7 C* p! w4 H6 B/ C7 w6 O
例如:/ |% z  v! W% U! k% V. g
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
/ ^% Q0 J. I3 Y+ ~( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)# Q' y/ b/ E3 |
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.0 G3 L; ]1 e% \# l" X# G
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)7 h" w" E. y: j
有时也可用复数:3 l! x: O+ N$ e- a7 U6 b! g  m$ m& g
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
, w! d2 W. e- D/ E4 f( K(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
3 L$ F+ x' o: Y% j: y( \3 @# iFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
/ f$ a9 _3 g) U. ](得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)5 W- [) g2 Z0 D$ g0 N
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)+ Y, E8 F1 D% ~  E
(3) fishing expedition:9 m$ L& ?# Y0 d
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information); n$ O9 O2 q6 K2 i
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
+ Y& A7 r/ O# e( s. _例如:" m/ ]: |4 v' o# ?( f) R0 D3 P' U$ \
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
( T9 R+ @( ?3 _' \% k* B(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
0 G. P! |* y) E$ kThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.- P2 C: ?% h& \" g
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)8 p4 [3 R2 f; W$ h. L: [! v& s5 t1 ^
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)% Y1 f6 d, i2 P+ }3 e' K  ~+ O5 _
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
4 |/ {# q2 `# ~. j. ?, K- W(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)5 W; M1 G9 R  N! h9 Q
偶尔也有人用复数:
$ w( |5 _# W6 q. sSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
. z- ?+ n" L9 X, e$ q(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
! G7 _, B; D5 m! }(4) filthy rich:
# ]8 ~4 ]5 ]2 s4 W/ J! d意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
) Y( t9 W9 K/ {( }9 S: N(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
6 G  L2 P' I  N4 n5 R多半当形容词用。例如:
) D" ~4 x. |& A6 M- Q) I1 D9 ?. FWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.- ~- |6 {" g* s5 P& D: Z5 r# p6 z
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
' T( [9 ]2 \5 W  Q8 ~Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
) q! ]4 H9 C' \" e& o6 ?(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。), X5 E7 o) M7 g8 Z* w
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.% }1 B( \' _8 M; n8 V
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
' T% P9 x/ L) t, }Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.; \  }! z5 Q& @2 S* z( w
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
- `3 k. H' R2 K& Z, d(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)# \) f" e5 l: S+ [6 a
(5) fairy godmother:
3 |, m8 y+ g5 l5 s3 R  y指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)/ d% |0 o( L; ?& I! }+ e: W
(多半指有钱的女人)
! o7 W# }  v7 G7 H% V(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:7 m" `' u* B" K7 R' K  p
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
# H# U# H; f& f( H# P# x* v$ B(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。). W% e6 o4 i" `$ W& t. B+ G
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.2 a* e, `/ g0 W3 u
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
' r9 y( V) v/ |5 w: `1 c) _有时也用复数:
& c& D& P7 E: N+ h! o8 lOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.# [. `# V: K# q+ b/ [
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
7 ~' ?. P0 Z# I# l% D; {In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
* G3 U& M8 D* G. t8 v+ \(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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7 L6 z5 M5 E& l# Q6)eye opener:  g+ r8 _: ]" x0 h6 m8 G
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)* ^9 G7 @  }% {0 Y, i
(当名词用;通常只用单数)4 s2 V) Z" x$ q0 m' }; t
例如:
- |, z) A1 n" `+ Z! Z; @, [- dYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters." T2 h7 S7 ~3 [
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)9 |9 }- S9 i+ R) k; J
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.6 g, X' Y/ D0 i7 ]) C! \! T, b
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)- Q) q: p& Y. r5 f9 }4 X
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
2 v8 ?) I' F7 U; ^, {(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)* ]6 P% j( T; X2 t' U8 Q
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people., G: A0 b- t" G6 H$ B7 F
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)7 o) l4 i) ^  R% {9 H0 N- U) u
(7) hot dog:
* J4 Z9 R% V6 Q, G. u* |指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)7 d$ k' k& H7 n( f, I0 T9 p
例如:, I8 C+ m- x& N( v! z$ h3 N
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.4 H! N2 v% n4 v) P) d4 y4 t- f
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
9 u, h4 P1 H( J% q6 W(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
3 M6 B/ ~* |0 s1 JIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.1 \  {5 U9 z# u( }; Q  z
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
+ q1 w4 t6 ~- k+ U! h. X( l(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)8 t) _0 {8 O* c( l' G0 A
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
4 k- m6 d3 q2 `! X; N(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)3 `1 k9 n9 x, B" g6 s$ X5 F1 t
也指真正的热狗食物:, n: i5 W% J2 e7 m
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
! |5 g& j$ z! g" E4 }(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
  S3 k$ s8 m- I也可表达欣赏的心情:. P: |6 D' b' w
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
; _, j5 n7 U2 Z8 N: e(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
* u# u& w  z( ~6 d% t1 n(8)eager beaver:# P9 I/ `( Y: L7 W( e; M: N+ N
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)) f! {, Z! m1 L* D% b$ P7 I1 x
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)1 H& C1 i' E2 F! g
(当名词用,可指男女)+ \, |9 L+ y8 ^; A
例如:
+ i& v$ c6 T4 ]$ q$ iJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.9 W1 @- i/ T  y) Q  y( U* f3 H
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
  g; H, f3 \& P, }4 s& sBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
+ U1 W7 s; p( R2 S3 K(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)* x2 |0 I: ^; }5 J3 S7 s
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
2 U6 m8 Y0 W: K8 }(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
3 x) x8 S+ S9 B& d) m+ S9 b( qYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.+ ^( X. D. s+ U+ U8 ]) ?* i9 c) M
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)! c' s& o( ^3 Y7 K0 h" r# v; b
(9)doubting Thomas:
8 V! C. C3 T/ J2 l, ?+ ^6 M这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)0 v& W$ k5 ^( K; g
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
% n+ `- K7 X; [; q+ J' X5 t(当名词用); ^0 a# \: v8 e" z" H: ^
例如:
% J8 \" B( ]" v- Z; T$ e5 ~I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.) A- m/ G3 k6 V* l" ?# M
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)+ `7 M  l+ u1 H1 D$ I
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
! A6 e) o$ r# L. T(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
3 |" T: m7 l; C1 w也可用复数:# P/ L0 J6 M/ O& b$ x  H6 Q
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.. u8 Q* O7 g& \8 H
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
+ B7 }8 b3 f0 s# F' D" \3 ^If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
$ c; a. L' g) N7 c" O(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
  b, P( w- P( r2 n( f(10)dragon lady:9 w- m9 F- r+ U. \' e1 u
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)# }6 A8 F4 w- X1 T& ^: G
例如:+ X$ d( g) n5 R- {. V
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
" I3 ^  N9 x2 j(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
7 V. n( y: z& GI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
- u- J! a6 t' c$ E4 `+ l  x, v3 W(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。): Q/ E) H* o9 r/ R! U) T
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
  T2 P2 q" N) a. R( K$ w(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)) [1 g# Q7 S; v- ?, Q+ n* F
也可用复数:
. O( t) ^! s) m( ?7 g7 B9 KThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.( D: B& e1 m3 S" \* M' i
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)+ ?  l+ l, M  n
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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