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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
; X1 t1 j1 Q1 u8 A* R% p1 Q之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
7 @6 z9 a& ^: o若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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, F, L/ A' W  N. F/ c7 d(1) empty suit:
6 V" U$ P$ G" E' b指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。# q) k5 b& q2 ]( |% \% s7 y8 y  m, U
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
$ [/ z' }  K# W' z例如:
0 P' y2 w  U% r3 z5 T+ GAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.# g) g- A. G$ z% `6 }$ D
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
0 D+ M3 U; o+ `7 F% g( d+ ]Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.% z0 a4 F* P  v; ^0 z1 e$ w
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)6 L0 Y) l2 T+ H; Q4 j+ g
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:4 g, q4 J: Z" e: l4 V+ @# f
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.3 A7 h2 j5 S* n$ m" h1 R1 ]8 A2 q
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
7 _, g  N+ }- |" r/ v8 N: }( C(2) fair-haired boy:
, M; x: R8 M, I+ K指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)3 t# N* s4 q& A0 ^3 v  M+ o
(通常用单数,当名词用)- V+ B) G6 b5 U( j2 L8 s- B$ |3 _
例如:3 U  U& }( [) e; l
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
2 A2 `$ r  J+ r! J: _- N6 Z7 \/ t9 V$ m( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)9 D3 L; b0 F" L6 S# v* h
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.+ O0 B6 b9 \' e; F
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
" m" l4 i! k, y5 _$ n有时也可用复数:/ q; w! l, [4 i. c  H& N
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
7 C8 K( r5 L" a$ ?& E: v7 y* R(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
+ V; j# \+ C- T+ y# R' hFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.  h; w7 X- c- [- i6 l% B
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
5 v/ o. Q# T5 B$ }- p8 r(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)7 \7 ]0 k# m& P. Z
(3) fishing expedition:
- ]/ z9 n0 {. `& {( M为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)4 L$ i' i+ @' g7 V  v9 K
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
9 M8 W+ F) F  E! A2 Z例如:
9 S9 k$ T2 }) V1 S$ zThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
) x/ C& s$ x/ s( e, h8 n3 Y* ^(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。), s6 r( y2 d& J7 [1 G2 [; B
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.  z; h8 @* `6 d
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
) d. ~. {) J( p+ g(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)- |* t5 r) ~5 b" D
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War./ g2 X4 H; z" G
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
; S+ t' h) b- |( Q) k偶尔也有人用复数:+ l4 v8 J8 x) n9 d  Z$ l
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.8 F+ b8 F$ C& z/ u: N/ {2 ~! u0 G
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)) A# E( _9 \/ q/ y8 v  E
(4) filthy rich:
6 K5 n9 R  P9 W1 F6 b4 X意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
$ I1 U* f8 N+ a& U: X5 L. P  `, h(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
' u1 {1 Q8 Z0 y  H多半当形容词用。例如:
) G& {2 e0 W" u) qWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
6 `% P6 \$ g* a0 I! J6 G- t( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
2 P7 c4 O4 E$ UDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.. _& Y3 V6 H# Z6 i
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
/ e2 L; B8 @3 m+ mA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
+ S7 D8 W6 p7 I/ b(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
) v* B' i" E8 \1 a" E* [2 w5 }5 jFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
+ L6 D9 Z& n9 L! Z* ?2 l: [(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
* [- b# i& E% r4 V7 S(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)4 y2 G3 |1 o6 I- ^/ r/ h8 N
(5) fairy godmother:
  q. Z7 u3 `7 c& p7 K指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
  w7 J& L7 S1 E: r$ y4 E: O( i(多半指有钱的女人); ~7 W5 Q% i7 f) d
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
) L, h% @$ Y: @% a- E; F' O( e! ^Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
) b7 T8 N2 ^  R  G, {: {+ G1 [4 o6 ~; z(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
, C" g# A+ @5 [3 gAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.% ~8 R7 i2 \, K, p) J
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
. D1 W9 B2 d3 y. {2 e有时也用复数:, O" \/ ?8 y7 S3 ]: c  e
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
* g/ G; |2 j0 z. ]( w(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
! t" J9 V' N) L/ C1 u7 d- C& C2 eIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.( \4 C+ v5 P+ y9 z, n
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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9 J; o9 }/ n! t" Y# Y; @# z6)eye opener:
% g$ |1 E- n; i指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)& V, \9 Z! \4 r  Z
(当名词用;通常只用单数)6 r5 g+ \* f( _& L! K
例如:
/ u* E2 }. _  M! A7 {Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
8 [9 ~) R* [" x1 ^9 H(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
! t5 S& f1 Z* V$ d' dMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
5 F/ S' n9 m+ {. I+ o(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
" c6 n' J! P1 k2 B# y/ s+ iThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
7 P- p* P& a8 W(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)- z0 C8 K' ]3 r" B( E. J0 F
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
& b7 d: Q* G( Q/ q5 ^(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。), L7 i( l. [! D, f
(7) hot dog:8 y( P! s/ ?3 D; _
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
, @+ D# P" [8 Y7 k" O1 u例如:
9 b" [$ T5 e+ U* y" NSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.& N/ j% r- |& G7 \/ N* I
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
; ]: P8 }7 @2 K. ]; H(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
7 F' i$ K# J/ v$ x6 F3 ~0 Q+ BIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.! d9 m0 g8 x5 k0 X4 f* y
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)6 \" z! X' `4 ^1 e
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
6 @; g: \" G. @7 [4 PDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
1 U3 r0 J0 V0 S# ]) j7 Q8 l. Z) h  u(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)  V: A/ K  c4 A2 O
也指真正的热狗食物:& k, P. X% h0 B4 J" O) q
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
/ [9 @: ?7 D& R  D: n0 O(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
7 d4 `5 b2 O1 {也可表达欣赏的心情:
4 A7 C  T' N, ~9 m# M7 c7 vHot dog ! What great news for me.
( P- z8 K1 ~2 p7 @0 X! `0 o(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
( Z# f1 I' ^6 P" F(8)eager beaver:" U; P8 o% K- B3 {/ Q6 s! v0 L
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
. J+ D, h, K% H/ X$ c$ [(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
! l. h: _1 Q6 o) S1 G(当名词用,可指男女)- M9 f) C6 f/ _! K. u$ `
例如:
% w+ b  I- o& ]; T3 _: v& Z. aJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
2 b6 R, @3 K# a  M(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)8 ^$ G( O- s' Q6 W: Q9 [) |* E
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
. N* B5 k7 w, m* `; `! q. X(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)" F1 v- O) W, r9 H# N: M; }
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
1 k# \' K; T- K(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
! @3 Y8 n: w. T; hYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
! s/ |. J) H; u5 H) t3 D4 L(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
: x+ _! d3 H/ Q3 b0 I; w' X(9)doubting Thomas:
( N) N8 h  x# X( X' f这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)# E2 P* I) S1 A5 f6 I; s
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)! l9 X4 K: u& Y0 ~3 H/ g
(当名词用)& |1 D' u6 Y- Z& ?0 ^
例如:
& \6 @6 D) f+ m# U3 i1 n% @- A5 F6 ^I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
7 B6 c- q$ K  J; @(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)- A; M/ M; |3 t3 C% Z4 A/ I
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
+ x- g4 c/ [/ v$ Q9 M; M, \" R(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)  r% @  L( F& X4 h2 o
也可用复数:
) a! l7 \& _6 k, f9 VMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
% B. J4 Y4 T( m0 W(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
# b1 I0 _1 t4 A7 \% cIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
' W" x: i) n2 R0 O9 A(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)1 f3 c6 Z' k# J5 e; L  x
(10)dragon lady:
* X& |9 D- `" q+ t指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)  c+ }! ]8 U6 ]! x* h
例如:
! r. f2 q# P& V5 u; u  RThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.8 M. ?* B; n2 q/ K
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
; t# a! |0 r8 bI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.1 ^: d  ^* j* S, s' }& }
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)0 s1 `" [7 f0 `& E
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?1 p$ K5 V. b& y2 @4 ^$ }! F) E
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
; t3 W' u/ k* p, x/ ?) P, }也可用复数:
4 h! n6 r5 ~, V, P9 H8 B1 V0 o. vThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.# @4 K( v+ c- |0 x# O! k
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)1 y  L5 g% Q2 l. C
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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