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英文写作必背句型

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一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)
2 |+ E( O. N8 E~~~ the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc): j) k' [# h0 [/ C
例句:Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.+ F& c5 o/ B/ [0 I
海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。; G4 ?+ F6 j4 P
Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.
0 k# }. {& @* q6 H" f% f9 X张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。! h9 _- u7 S4 g% j
二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V
+ \7 a6 Z) w1 v& g4 BNothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V
  B) H# G( J# f, S例句:Nothing is more important than to receive education.& j/ S% Y, R: N; B' g: ?
没有比接受教育更重要的事。5 l1 Z* {7 f0 a
三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.7 _5 w6 U: S! f$ y% ^6 |
(再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。)- I' L3 Y* `( m, g. w
例句:We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
9 q4 S9 H  |" D! p, t我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
! H3 y. S- Z1 b8 G# M四、There is no denying that + S + V ...(不可否认的...)
, j" ?% i' ?% v2 u. Y# L例句:There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.* C. H' N/ d9 q8 E# i
不可否认的,我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。4 U, z+ Z6 p2 G2 O/ C. D2 h2 X, W6 y
五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ (全世界都知道...)
9 Z; x% I2 }4 _0 `; l例句:It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.
$ M: c6 ]$ x6 z- w, F5 N, E全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。7 H( E3 g9 m) u
六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ (毫无疑问的...)
5 D$ t8 j* ?* Y* a例句:There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired." t! z9 }3 j' |: v: N4 y
毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。
7 K# @0 d# f/ A$ P5 a4 x6 z0 F; b0 J- j七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子(...的优点是...)  r$ U7 d: N% q  M5 k
例句:An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create (produce) any pollution.
" `; @' s; E: l7 Z5 r+ S使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。* O9 f' u6 p( ]2 E% s7 {4 y
八、The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子(...的原因是...)$ {0 V7 O' j' y* }# g
例句:The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.
# Z, o5 M' T4 }6 J) }The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.9 R# y* n: H' }' N( @( _# A

& t, `! S6 ^% Y- p/ a我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。
9 q: @7 A9 J- f( k' h+ X九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子(如此...以致于...)- K; d& w$ E3 b+ Y
例句:So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.& `1 \6 i6 I& e7 J
时间是如此珍贵,我们经不起浪费它。' G! j* n3 c9 \% I* w8 \
十、Adj + as + Subject(主词)+ be, S + V~~~ (虽然...)
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例句:Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.
. N% c& [% T3 {# k: k2 h{by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}
. ~* T) {# B# ~虽然我们的国家富有,我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。. ^5 E( v* k( k$ n; S
十一、The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~
  M; U* D" J* WThe + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~(愈..,愈...)" c  q& t5 x1 i+ B6 N7 N  b3 V$ k4 |
例句:The harder you work, the more progress you make.
$ |  N% N9 F; m+ W8 A你愈努力,你愈进步。
& r; j7 {/ `0 F* ?" g& X6 bThe more books we read, the more learned we become.
3 `8 F# {+ A' C* N6 \& P/ @我们书读愈多,我们愈有学问。/ }- V: `7 ?. G$ k8 t: k5 o
十二、By +Ving, ~~ can ~~ (借着...,..能够...)
, \5 a# Z. @0 W% j% p% A例句:By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.
$ i- m+ q/ G& g4 O9 k( s1 X借着做运动,我们能够始终保持健康。
8 l$ W! o3 b4 U3 ?" A) @, [1 N8 B十三、~~~ enable + Object(受词)+ to + V (..使..能够..)6 ~/ e5 [# ~4 Q
例句:Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.
, \4 f/ r  U6 h5 s' ~1 v  ^0 n9 ~4 c听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。6 J* C0 H. v; t2 E& x
十四、On no account can we + V ~~~ (我们绝对不能...)/ p; F$ t) U& l. H# W
例句:On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.
3 c; z4 H, @/ M2 d4 ]我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。. C% x6 g" ?/ [
十五、It is time + S + 过去式 (该是...的时候了)
- N* A* n, J7 ^' W2 A, l例句:It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.
1 C/ z, z; W5 n5 K该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
. K% n; d( I3 [1 h' @( K/ n十六、Those who ~~~ (...的人...), f) D7 n# t% B, t/ p. T
例句:Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.
* Y; C! I( i1 d3 k$ \违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。; Z" c/ S0 f8 `; `* B9 o
十七、There is no one but ~~~ (没有人不...)
) @( M, ]* B( k' u例句:There is no one but longs to go to college.& T7 s: ~1 q' X- Z3 V6 V4 K& V& k  q
没有人不渴望上大学。
3 O! r8 w& l1 F: N6 ~1 J3 M十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V (不得不...)2 K# d3 Q! }3 U3 P) m
例句:Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.既然考试迫在眉睫,我不得不放弃做运动。" `. L; Z" Q+ u0 Q  _! I& v
十九、It is conceivable that + 句子 (可想而知的)
0 e8 N) D3 Q* i9 {& s& j; J! N, ^It is obvious that + 句子 (明显的)
$ J* i# j2 X  C1 S. r  G3 s/ lIt is apparent that + 句子 (显然的)$ w6 J/ L" E# m( ^4 `
例句:It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.
, q( n( \+ W$ w5 U1 t% w可想而知,知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。
- r" M+ p' G0 g% S* Y: P二十、That is the reason why ~~~ (那就是...的原因)
. x# U1 a, W. k. }" z例句:Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don't like it.7 J8 o0 C6 a* r9 L$ f8 \; ~
夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。$ E4 `  Y- `6 j
二十一、For the past + 时间,S + 现在完成式...(过去..年来,..一直..)
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例句:For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination., p5 n9 k' P; T! h1 Z6 Z
过去两年来,我一直忙着准备考试。
, o6 M$ K) c! }' W1 W( ~二十二、Since + S + 过去式,S + 现在完成式。
" \3 a- ^9 v$ M2 M$ w例句:Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.
& J. ]3 \2 a% R  `自从他上高中,他一直很用功。
5 L. a0 j# P+ b: M/ G/ U2 U) C二十三、It pays to + V ~~~ (...是值得的。)
9 y& n" Q8 k1 u* M' `0 x7 F例句:It pays to help others. 帮助别人是值得的。7 {. ?  B; a5 ~' M+ N! |
二十四、be based on (以...为基础)/ b! @3 ?" s# s  t# M3 ^
例句:The progress of thee society is based on harmony.+ D: [- Y. d5 b% t) b6 h0 z
社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。
3 H0 Y9 [4 ~- t2 r二十五、Spare no effort to + V (不遗余力的)9 i) ?! o4 C/ M9 `$ U4 G7 P$ ?# S) h
We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
) U/ C, `5 ]3 \3 H  L+ o我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。( C" B8 J, U% i; D3 T4 i& G; Z- F. t
二十六、bring home to + 人 + 事 (让..明白..事)
1 w! _5 \) P3 w" s7 A& f. \9 x例句:We should bring home to people the value of working hard.4 K; B7 `/ q+ _  ?
我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。* `' F" n2 d4 {) Q8 b" X% y2 ?
二十七、be closely related to ~~ (与..息息相关)
9 A2 S3 T2 F$ M( S9 \例句:Taking exercise is closely related to health.( e1 J' E! F, V# h1 S
做运动与健康息息相关。
' a$ z1 g" {) l9 A二十八、Get into the habit of + Ving( p$ Q) `/ a/ M# |; K; D
= make it a rule to + V (养成...的习惯); c9 V8 r& ?' h9 X$ p
We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.1 [. F& o: z. u
我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
! H$ Q4 F5 v8 E9 r6 L* }4 U二十九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, ~~~ (因为...)
6 c8 _4 C6 ~7 @: a& a( q4 |例句:Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.# P* ]# a$ h5 Q8 ^
因为他的鼓励,我终于实现我的梦想。" q. s, }# D& G. s( ~. [
! A$ R& a% ?1 ?& f
9 I- f( q: y3 g& l

6 j& \7 j. E5 g( G$ c4 w+ R三十、What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!(多么...!)
( p( P; Y/ ?) Q9 l$ y例句:What an important thing it is to keep our promise!
) ^# z4 k* d7 G" WHow important a thing it is to keep our promise!
+ I7 y( @& ^9 X# j$ M# Q: Y遵守诺言是多么重要的事!% h1 b3 e. p/ E+ z7 v2 R
三十一、Leave much to be desired (令人不满意)
- K" @: g$ d( s' s/ T, K  `3 ^例句:The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.
8 Z% L5 A' k0 C$ D& q; o8 j我们的交通状况令人不满意。
6 U2 a. w& j! Q; A0 ]/ z* |三十二、Have a great influence on ~~~ (对..有很大的影响)1 G# T! O$ X* Z8 z8 _
例句:Smoking has a great influence on our health.& e; o' O4 ?( P; G: X
抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
7 k* b+ k. N# Y( Z+ u7 j三十三、do good to (对..有益),do harm to (对..有害)
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老杨团队 追求完美
例句:Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益
7 R% q' B" i. [$ rOverwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。
7 l7 H' T& |; D8 C9 p三十四、Pose a great threat to ~~ (对...造成一大威胁)0 A) c) R7 O/ W( t; B
例句:Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.$ y! h% s3 k: c7 Y
污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。
$ l+ K% K, \7 Y8 g5 h% t: L% W三十五、do one's utmost to + V = do one's best (尽全力去...)
) N) s9 T! v& A5 Y) m$ v例句:We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life.
/ U, ?; @4 B/ ^/ v我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。) }4 R6 \& U% X, g/ G. @

3 ], X* x! j  A7 \! v& N* |" O  [' M2 q- g2 j& _0 ]2 x
英文写作必背造词
( K, Q6 I+ J% O# C* a欣赏大自然的风景 to appreciate the scenery of nature" b- ?' Z$ ]4 t* E
培养公德心 to cultivate the public mindedness1 K9 b2 _$ W( Q& {3 r  @. }
维护健康 to maintain health2 C6 r9 L1 A0 q) |) m; f" ?# T+ N
保护环境 to protect the environment1 m4 E  A  a4 W3 v& a) `
开拓视野 to broaden the horizon+ M5 X+ i. b; z* j
开拓心胸 to broaden the mind$ Z1 Z+ a( b5 z* m8 I+ z
调剂生活 to make life pleasant
2 |9 ]3 x# {5 g$ G8 Z9 y7 z松散身心 to relax oneself# L  g0 e3 R$ z) y
启迪心灵 to enlighten the mind; `/ v& y% q- O2 V  x, z
灌输知识 to impart knowledge into someone1 @! `$ {  z2 Z6 |" d
追求理想 to seek after the ideal; B" }$ c3 v7 H; m) [, V6 A
实现抱负 to realize one's ambition
# i. }$ T9 i; ?5 I9 t守信用 to keep one's promise
9 u( L  k- D! G) p5 V! R! M( b跟上时代 to keep up with the times
& k* F8 ~- Q4 N欣赏古典文学 to appreciate the classical literature
2 }% Z7 D1 `, o8 C学习吉他 to learn guitar
3 V8 @! Z. x- Y! b' R陶冶品德 to cultivate the character
; x% _. h& _' N) ?: z! P0 I& ^2 d* v贡献国家 to contribute oneself to the country2 {' ~' j/ |9 h7 |# E5 ]* @3 \
锻炼身体 to strengthen, exercise the body
' X9 }9 H! d- Z& W8 \9 x缺乏休闲活动 to lack recreations7 p! K$ q1 V" O2 \: B9 W* {
作笔记 to take notes7 d7 ?" `- F  ^% p) K
使用参考书 to use reference books
& \3 o  q- G3 L/ ?, B关心社会 to be concerned about the society
5 H0 R' l4 Y9 y8 b5 O6 ?3 n服从校规 to follow the rules of the school9 {4 N+ R! s( d9 y! D
尽身为学生的责任 to fulfill one's duty as a student2 a1 q9 F; U9 V, d4 ]4 b
克服困难 to overcome the difficulty2 X' t! L3 |6 S1 l0 O0 e4 q# M- ^# u* M
面临困难 to be confronted with the difficulty( s4 \7 X- Y0 r3 X1 K6 O! z" w/ a& b
渡过困境 to weather the storm! u" g+ \, T- w( {  y7 D$ R, u
走快捷方式 to cut the corner
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量脉搏 to feel the pulse/ C& P" W8 q8 a& s, y  C9 Y$ \$ E. U
开药方 to prescribe the medicine0 ?% P% I& f! D, S( T- `
坚守原则 to stick to the principle
: d3 F% [) Z4 {7 J% B2 P: ~/ G注意卫生 to emphasize the importance of hygiene! s6 I; y- m. i- _  X$ R" t
乱丢垃圾 to litter; to scatter garbage& U  x7 g6 o5 G- @5 Q0 ^
美化环境 to beautify the environment
- j8 B; y2 _% K0 A8 C0 y5 U( F6 K种植树木 to grow trees
# I3 N. e1 z8 k" \9 d4 s9 k# b防止污染 to prevent the pollution4 W2 e( u! e  I) c9 m+ |$ L# x
提升生活品质 to promote the qualities of life1 W+ V& S% Q; R! I: F# A
造成损害 to do damage to  B8 E4 K' J8 V* D/ ?1 |' G' W! \
对...有益 to benefit; to be beneficial to
( X5 Y" V" |$ P5 M1 k. b, i6 v对...有害 to be harmful to; to do harm to
8 S! F' s; Q% N  {/ f' m8 l任意停车 to park the car at random
7 @5 K/ [1 ~8 b& t6 F制造噪音 to make noises
$ k+ f1 b6 H- V( A占用人行道 to occupy the sidewalk
6 Q2 R/ j$ T. U# L3 H% e% M妨碍交通 to hinder the traffic) z* [+ F* o8 a# D5 t/ }9 h+ R3 \
排放污烟、废气 to belch smoke, exhaust, fume
6 O( N3 G% m& ~% o$ _& H( E: k造成不便 to cause inconvenience8 R' |) ^* W4 M1 d
造成混乱 to bring about the disorder6 d6 f* C" Z/ r: N! H3 |7 i5 q7 d! U  c
闯红灯 to run through the red light
# B7 [) {9 a) d. w- i4 u利用天桥 to make use of the overpass4 j( y  {3 v4 q5 a  a
查字典 to consult the dictionary
& I' c9 K7 z4 S2 k+ H" B8 @* S屏息 to hold one's breath
  d! n/ B+ ^/ K8 Q5 h& N3 G流泪 to shed tears* \3 w: h& d9 P. Q. W
符合需要 to meet the demand( @4 V. h+ K$ W8 l% ?4 ]1 B
生根 to take root
" I6 ^* ?3 t7 I: T& S0 |产生结果 to bear fruit
/ n" ?0 ]5 w; z9 n打破沉默 to break the ice3 h0 v- G6 [/ ^3 U& ?
气馁 to lose heart; to get discouraged" }7 O" G& v0 @4 s. M
振作 to pull oneself together; to take heart
4 Q3 Z5 F/ L$ M; d4 Y' A采取步骤 to take steps; to take measures, r/ W  ^; k8 }% `
缓和悲伤 to ease ( alleviate ) the sorrow
# p3 L4 w( c  U. G* ]9 a% U9 g承受负担 to bear the responsibility
* S2 a1 E9 l9 c+ N1 N9 K考虑到 to make allowance for
) O* x0 f4 @4 Z, U- D3 N把握机会 to seize the opportunity& D% k" V' c# I! x- d. T& E7 C5 h
跑腿 to run an errand: y- a% G% K/ Z% @1 `' U
树立楷模 to set a good example
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接受教育 to receive education3 E7 W9 X7 L! ]( S
提升生活的水准 to raise the standard of living. J; Z% S+ u9 W# r9 D" i& `. k0 r$ \
告辞 to take one's leave
8 o! q- A: h- \  X5 h3 x3 C; l有很深的了解 to have a deep understanding of
" o7 i" [6 W4 H跟随流行 to follow the fashion3 O2 T4 \8 y, `
提钱 to withdraw money
6 t! \: p4 _- R$ e6 @0 v- Q) m存钱 to deposit money- u* C% t5 A  x. T7 ~
良心不安 the conscience stirs
% d, \: j# F8 f% C$ e; ~  @' F  [自立 to be independent; to stand on one's own2 ]1 ?) F$ u6 ?# v
英文很好 to have a good command of English
% A! _9 Z& z$ T( h; Y" G$ `有广泛的知识 to have a wide range of knowledge
0 a1 r6 h! D, F4 m  ^2 F# F, C喜爱艺术 to have a great liking for arts; F$ K2 U- K% G
扮演重要角色 to play an important role in5 k: B& I+ d1 Q' x) a9 C% \
聊天 to have a chat with
1 E. w! k5 A: S! d有...才能 to have a talent for
4 Y+ h8 B- c8 e5 E. g$ B3 A% E选择 to make a choice
" G" O+ j. y% `" y" J0 o, d1 f有很大的影响 to have a great influence on
8 J7 p# b9 Z+ F予人...很深的印象 to make a deep impression on
* v( s! o2 y# z+ |! E愚弄 to make a fool of6 L. B- W2 g" c  I1 y. A6 c: ]
找借口 to make an excuse
- S4 [. K, [2 T& }给人搭便车 to give one a lift
- e% ^. U) r2 _9 ?$ p0 H打电话 to give someone a ring
( k! v/ w9 D/ e冒险 to take chances
  e0 i$ e4 R$ d. p; ]" r. W怀恨 to bear grudge against someone. ^; T' o. Q6 X6 M9 G" X0 P$ Q
牢记在心 to bear .....in mind/ e: j; m1 g' w' b- k
板着脸 to pull a long face
0 y. C3 g5 ^+ u, ?' E' h0 ?$ k对...充耳不闻 to turn a deaf ear to
8 X- X. W8 U7 K' V被开除 to be dismissed from school
3 e! d9 h( H5 h% g, _: K& s3 a生气 to be angry with ( at )2 R9 [0 a# M* V8 G1 T, k" m) |
负担责任 to assume the responsibility, ?* [* t" `$ f+ H# I% S
符合需要 to serve the purpose4 `; r1 a9 K" f1 Z
变胖 to gain weight
3 n% m0 W. C) _6 i7 i& M. I% A有道理 to make sense
# V. i3 [1 X& t& t1 ^& z1 b# a记日记 to keep a diary1 i8 E8 J9 {, ]: n  ]" ~
尽己所能 to do what one can
* D+ m2 `" b6 T4 k% p擅长网球 to be at home in tennis9 s5 X$ f7 R# G% F5 l4 w
郊游 to go on an outing
  Z3 V+ k) J0 u( K1 y1 T8 j  }消磨时间 to kill time& o6 v% t8 w0 V2 W) C2 o" w0 v
增加生活的情趣 to increase the pleasures of life
, O1 N9 X- ]( ~: s4 L. e1 r" |精神抖擞 to be ( feel ) refreshed
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老杨团队,追求完美;客户至上,服务到位!
解除紧张和焦虑 to relieve the tension and anxiety2 \7 b+ a5 K) e9 S3 L' U8 {3 w
宣泄久积的情绪 to release the pent-up feelings- g8 B. w% M  x# n7 {
游手好闲 to fool around
, ~7 g' {- W* |( }  K准备考试 to prepare for the examination
5 Z  r" X7 K! Y: {- r+ O1 O  C参加课外活动 to take part in the club activities
; o0 ?$ v* d6 p! Q% _* I8 B7 P无精打采的 to be listless! L! T$ k% r; ?9 J( |
精力充沛的 to be vigorous, energetic( P* u: ~0 f6 P5 T5 d5 T4 _
防台 to guard against the typhoon: `6 G( \% s# u! D# y+ ]# j
逃避现实 to escape the reality  q2 |, g' D- J3 G" M6 q4 y
达到目标 to achieve the aim
. [! W% e# `8 F4 c; |* \+ L. M五育并重 to lay equal emphasis on the Five Disciplines+ g7 N5 V4 w9 a
感到无聊 to feel ( be ) bored
1 E/ X9 ~1 k& `' r0 p! t感到剌激 to be excited* v, M* ]8 x! I) G2 U3 N* ^/ Q) |
感到满意 to be pleased, satisfied
6 h$ A1 `: s! i: D* ]3 Y1 L感到失望 to be disappointed
2 \5 ?" X$ I1 z& f感到振奋 to be encouraged, inspired
( Y9 R3 b) J- i/ D感到气馁 to be discouraged, frustrated
/ f; k- j* L* S, G. v3 }" c感到疲倦的 to be exhausted
5 r  D$ \$ x! j6 ]7 Z% B' \3 r感到烦恼 to be worried, upset, disturbed, bothered' N  `9 l& M+ V% ]; J( E# u
放弃理想 to abandon the ideal
5 G& t! w* C) Q: q+ s6 w2 `奠定基础 to lay the foundation
3 Y3 G' W! {0 Q, i失去耐心 to lose patience" v' S5 y( E# H% q; M. A# ^7 o
进步 to make progress
( x3 m- k. ~: R& e. A8 f; a; d$ A失去连络 to lose track of% I6 O2 E! D% G4 C- B9 ?
保持连络 to keep in touch with& C$ F. I5 |  E! z9 J5 a( D8 j  a
误入歧途 to go astray
9 t' D7 n6 \9 T* [; V7 F& n养成...的习惯 to make it a rule to; to cultivate the habit% N( A% D8 f' A! ?  _
统一中国 to reunify China4 u1 x- b% N) b7 o+ g3 z3 Z
遇到交通阻塞 to be caught in a traffic jam
/ f, |/ J3 v" [给...教训 to teach someone a lesson+ p/ Q/ }" y& l
改过自新 to turn over a new leaf' v# h  M$ Q6 J/ B2 I" W* m
引以为乐 to take delight in
% M% J, t% q) ^$ F予...以打击 to deal a heavy blow to
# g1 X  M6 m0 Q3 H1 p予...以威胁 to pose a threat to
: u0 ~" ^! N9 m9 J; f3 v取代 to take the place of3 }9 n# |3 I, a2 }. ?# I$ l6 j
预作保留 to make the reservation4 y9 ]& C+ A8 y3 L: P: ~7 l) a) _
使...澈夜未眠 to cost someone a sleepless night
0 S' R: b" R/ g3 i3 I, y1 a1 ]充满喜悦 to be filled with joy
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背诵 to learn....by heart  v6 F2 V2 j4 ]2 Z
鼓励 to encourage, inspire
! H: z3 Q$ u9 C1 Z8 Z% [产生不同 to make a great difference
! ]- d  a) G0 H犯法 to violate the law. N1 |1 e5 b% y) U1 k
不遗余力 to spare no efforts to& f: O  p' \$ i8 U
不辞辛劳 to take the pains to, s) Z5 t9 z9 A1 J
  to7 [: Z1 v. E: _1 T5 l- \

1 U+ I6 b+ r  X. {' C( M( k  语气转承词! j; M! f5 s) }: p. z4 ]

0 m# c3 b# H/ e3 D, _# \+ K* H语气转承词是连系意念的字,有助于增加文章的连贯性。转承词以两种重要的方式来增加连贯性;首先,转承词有助于该段文字自身间的连贯性,这时转承词安置于句间,以使前一句与次一句的语意流畅。其次,转承词有助于段落间的连系,置于段首的转承词,将前段所讨论的意念顺畅地过场到次一段,做进一步的申论。
- q3 X4 @; L" R% ^; \5 x4 I& {0 v0 A
以下,就转承词的功能区分为十二种。学习者应记住不同转承词的功能,并就各大项中重要者熟背几个,将来段落写作时就可派上用场,以增加文章之流畅,以下是十二种转承词,分别用来表示:
: D6 ]4 T: A) P& x9 k; N2 E& l) n4 I
一、解释( to explain )
6 t! y' q( U, @8 F8 J  @1. now现在;那么(表示转变话题、要求、安慰、警告、解释、惊异等,通常置于句首并加逗点) 2. in addition而且;此外 3. in this case在这种情况下 4. in fact其实;实际上 5. for this reason因为这个缘故' D* @8 j8 y6 l, P! h
例句:1.Now, follow the directions carefully.
) u( A! i+ B$ p0 x% p5 x2.In addition, there are two museums in the city.( k4 J$ X4 \# W8 W
3.The problem, in this case, is hard to solve.
( t9 w' L- }3 v' z! i$ D, R( [二、强调( to emphasize )1 Q  N2 C! B3 V; g  z2 J5 ^; @1 \% ^
1. certainly确实地 2. indeed确实地 3. surely确实地 4. above all尤其;最重要者 5. most important ( of all )最重要的是9 H: ^" _" Y7 X- L3 ^  s8 P, R
例句:1.Certainly the vacation was fun.# S: b3 V. Y& C/ a
2.Indeed, no man is an island.谚语:人不能离群索居。
: z# b. \& Y; o1 H! W3.Above all, avoid swimming alone in strange waters.(陌生的水域)+ L  @; v* ]. K) C$ \
) g$ r; @1 z. a* h, k. b
 三、举例( to illustrate )
6 d) E# u1 {' I, f) M* c% r1. for example例如 2. for instance例如 3. thus就这样 4. next其次;然后 5. namely那就是 6. that is那就是 7. in other words换言之 8. that is to say换言之;那就是说 9. in particular尤其;特别 10. particularly尤其 11. especially特别地;主要地
+ b! }1 s6 E8 h. @, z( C例句:1.A good speech, for example, should be as short as a skirt.
- S$ ~* A* t- _, \; b2 n2.For instance, light travels faster than sound.3 h+ W/ x6 e- F- f+ |! |( I/ x
3.Next, think of the courses you want to take.
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四、增加或附属( to add )
4 A; Y, ^* Z: G% l5 B4 K( ?1. in addition而且;此外 2. furthermore而且;更有甚者 3. also也;而且 4. moreover而且;更有甚者 5. again而且 6. and而且 7. besides而且 8. in addition to除...之外 9. what's more而且. x/ D% w) L0 d" u
例句:1.In addition, the tour stops in Tokyo.6 B, V, l4 v, I; I
2.furthermore, he is too old to do that.
- q: I2 w  b( K# `  ~3.Also, she asked for some money.
6 s/ e  _; u0 [  [1 X$ {. N, _8 n6 f$ S8 ~! N! g8 V$ K9 D
 五、比较( to compare )尤其是相同性质的比较1 G% j7 y/ x* i
1. like像 2. likewise同样地 3. in the same way同样地 4. similarly同样地 5. too也 6.equally important同样重要地' {9 x. i1 F7 U! l9 p
例句:1.Like Peter, Tom is a good swimmer.
% ^6 }5 l: E1 _+ _2.In the same way, we look for a good doctor.; h" I: Y' B: X. Z. C6 N
3.The car uses less fuel. Equally important, the car drives ninety miles per hour.) O; A* J6 ]* D. l

0 g" ]& i; L; }% Q6 Z. k/ e 六、对比关系或相反的意思( to contrast )
$ g- l2 I7 {$ o$ b, u# z6 G9 {1. unlike不像 2. in contrast相反地 3. on the other hand另一方面 4. for another thing另一方面 5. on the contrary相反地 6. instead代替;更换;反而 7. but然而;但是 8. instead of代替;不...而 9. nevertheless然而 10. however然而 11. still然而 12. yet然而 13. after all毕竟 14. in spite of虽然 15. despite虽然6 C6 Z6 Y' C' }2 _! X
例句:1.Unlike Tom, John is brave.& V$ K" s- _! Y! E4 e7 ~' U
2.In contrast, they took to the streets.相反地,他们走上街头。
. q  ]; u# H4 ]/ ^# x% p- k3.Instead, the new law caused many problems.
! U* n) q8 x: b, s  ?- d  @9 w3 J; |七、让步( to concede )
8 K3 c/ l  k6 u, o4 c4 B; S1. although虽然 2. nevertheless然而 3. of course当然 4. clearly确实地 5. naturally自然地 6. perhaps或许. ]% z9 F) F9 q+ |1 m  i% D: ?
例句:1.Although she ran after the train, it left without her.
: h1 Q. }0 S2 Q, ]2.He planned, nevertheless, to ask for our help.
# d7 z  }; z5 a* y/ {& ^3.Clearly, a garden needs a lot of care.
9 w; Q' T! }2 E/ t/ ~( c$ U. Z八、结果( to state a consequence ). x9 N; H% a+ M
1. therefore 2. consequently 3. as a result 4. thus 5. accordingly 6. hence以上皆表「因此」,「所以」,「结果」 7. so所以;因此
2 k# k5 [' w2 R% ]: O( |0 T例句:1.They hoped, therefore, to be respected.
( |! A9 k; g/ F6 V/ b2.Consequently, we opened an account at the bank.
3 {" r; i# O$ |7 l5 g3.Accordingly, she gave up her original plan.
' F1 _3 |9 n* e0 R; [9 S; a; c  n9 u九、综合;总结( to sum up )2 K5 Y6 W4 F# @/ Z6 c% y
1. to sum up 2. to summarize 3. to conclude 4. in sum ( in summary )5. in conclusion以上皆表「总之」 6. in brief 7. in short 8. in a word 9. to be short 10. in a nutshell以上皆表「简言之」 11. by and large一般来说 12. finally最后 13. in general一般而言 14. on the whole整个来说 15. generally speaking大体而言;一般而论
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老杨团队,追求完美;客户至上,服务到位!
例句:1.To conclude, Chinese New Year is the most important holiday.
. x4 s" c$ U8 y" w8 V% a2.In summary, recreation is a big business.
* U3 g7 y; l7 t, f/ D- u8 j3.I will tell it in a nutshell.1 d5 T5 o* P% I1 d
十、时间关系( to state sequence of time )8 Y# F2 \) u2 H0 X6 J6 s  d  ^/ ~0 O
1. after a long time ( after a short time )过了很久,过了不久 2. after a long absence过了很久 3. presently目前 4. meanwhile同时 5. after a while一阵子之后 6. once曾经;一度 7. since then自从那时起 8. at the same time同时 9. temporarily暂时地 10. later稍晚 11. afterward后来 12. thereafter其后 13. lately最近;近来 14. sooner or later早晚% r  g9 B0 q$ ?, V% p
例句:1.They met after a long absence.7 k& e; O8 c/ ^4 M6 R+ l, g0 k
2.Meanwhile, they were at war with their enemy.4 J/ U0 T* L7 E
3.Thereafter, they never met again.
9 @* `, c$ p, |( v  X0 R, d3 Z十一、顺序、列举或思想的延续( to state order )
  d4 p' k5 S8 Q/ v1 y- @8 N+ ]/ t1. first首先 2. in this manner ( in this way )就这样 3. first of all首先 4. in the same way同样地 5. second其次 6. third第三 7. in the first place首先 8. then然后 9. next下一个 10. again再次 11. finally最后;终于 12. eventually终于 13. by the way顺便一提 14. incidentally附带地;顺便一提# _; n. f0 Z6 a; o
例句:1.First of all, jogging makes the heart stronger.
% w& U; `6 Y& ^2.Eventually, they came to an agreement.
8 s! U' K. o& W0 W5 S3.Incidentally, medical supplies will be sent here next Monday.2 ^- @3 X9 ?/ q3 ^  ]
十二、方向( to state directions )# f7 L  ^3 `( m2 _7 @
1. below在...下面 2. next to在...的旁边 3. beyond超越;越过 4. on the ( my, your, etc. ) right在...右边 5. further更远处 6. on the left在左边 7. here这里 8. nearby在附近 9. opposite to在...对面
/ ]' L. ^, k, m4 [例句:1.Next to the national cemetery, there was an old church.9 F9 U* a9 [: T" \% W; ~4 y) k- L7 f
2.On my right lies the beautiful river.
$ [' f- A* ]- x, c7 y3.Opposite to their building, there was an elm tree./ f0 B; G4 s1 F* z
---------------------------------------------------------------
$ Q* s- u; x2 h3 [, m 英文作文「起、承、转、合用语精选」
1 ?3 A2 N9 s* @
7 z$ c: K4 i0 r英文作文之起、承、转、合用语是帮助同学使文章之前后语气连贯、表意流畅,从而使全文看起来肌理分明、组织结构严谨,以便在作文写作上拿到更好的分数。但以下所列者,同学要想在短时间内速成,不妨在起、承、转、合用语中各选六、七个用法不同者熟背之,并试着在自己平常的作文中运用出来,使熟能生巧,才能令你的作文如虎添翼。当然,同学不应该忘记,这些用词只是套语,真正重要的还是文章内容,所以平常多读、多写,丰富自己的意念与想象力,才是作文拿高分的最佳途径。
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2.As far as I know, S + V...据我所知,…# v; X6 V9 c0 o6 o
3.As the saying goes, S + V...常言道,…$ N3 n+ r& e5 f& C+ l8 m
4.Everybody knows that + S + V...众所周知,…( F( y0 u9 ]3 ^5 R/ m+ a) o* i
5.Frankly speaking, S + V...坦白地说,…" T8 v# G# m! T+ A
6.Generally speaking, S + V...一般而言,…
* i+ j7 o+ b6 h7.I'm of the opinion that + S + V...依我之见,…5 ~6 A7 e7 f, ]8 ^" T
8.I am greatly convinced that + S + V...我深信,…: \9 p" T- E/ H9 _
9.In dealing with..., one cannot but admit that S + V...在讨论…,一个人不得不承认…* d, E. d9 @& v: L- V$ R
10.In general, S + V...一般而言,…
7 k# E. Z8 ^: ^, h11.In my opinion, S + V...依我之见,…
$ r' ?0 Q# Y& @5 W9 j: ^12.It can be easily proved that S + V...…是容易证明的. k, i; l7 I! e# f5 Z! W/ m
13.It goes without saying that S + V...不消说,…/ h8 p  O$ R. h0 r  A1 u) z) g
14.It is out of the question to V…是不可能的' t8 T" s! V! s0 }9 ]% ]
15.It's quite obvious that S + V...不消说,…
, h* K& _# T: X* b/ A' `16.It is said ( reported据报导, known一般皆知, estimated据估计, believed一般相信, expected一般预料 ) that...据说! }& z! X: y. V. }) h5 s
17.It is important ( necessary必要的, urgent紧急的, proper适当的 ) that S (should) + V(…是)重要的6 {; r3 Z% v" F+ a2 j- f
18.It's true that + S + V...事实是
" F- V, _: H7 Z. V9 X. m- r/ S. H19.Lucky to say, S + V...说来幸运,…5 t2 i+ n4 ]  {' ^, I' e) Q" h3 G& X
20.Needless to say, S + V...不消说,…% B( T! y9 d/ C* p# j& m
21.No one can deny that + S + V...没有人可以否认…
" w$ u" I! J$ J22.Nothing in the world can delight me so much as ...世界上没有什么比…更令我高兴
6 I6 j7 A7 \5 C8 g23.Of all the people I know, perhaps none deserves my respect more than...在我所认识的人当中,也许没有一个人比…更值得我尊敬0 Z' n2 S9 ^: t! v1 ~* K/ G+ f* I1 `2 Q5 S, P
24.On the average, S + V...一般而言,…
* }2 ~' H8 H. Z) q  b25.Regretful to say, S + V...说来遗憾,…
! ^& [, x/ V- p; A# v. P4 ^. |! J26.Sad to say, S + V...说来可悲,…
" ]- N2 U# f1 s+ p# V% `& t27.Strange to say, S + V...说来奇怪,…% `9 B$ F) e8 |% F6 g! O7 l+ Y/ S; x
28.Strictly speaking, S + V...严格地说,…
4 T4 G3 U; i, U( H8 W29.There is no doubt that S + V...毫无疑问,…! {  \( Y$ g9 u& E/ Y
30.There is no V-ing...…是不可能的- s) L. o6 ^6 q" ]9 d7 f
31.To tell the truth, S + V...老实说,…9 H  n/ a# Y& y: o+ p) Z% @5 _7 I
32.To the best of my knowledge, S + V...据我所知,…" `7 Z- O" x! A6 u

" ^$ [  I5 ?8 Z% s: ]. \  (承)
5 G; g3 `. ~+ Q+ n
" c: |. b3 G$ J0 o( f1.According to + N , S + V...根据…,…3 b* c; v8 ^( P0 I
2.As a matter of fact, S + V...实际上,…& ]6 Y  p& T$ D  R+ E1 i6 `; ^
3.As far as I'm concerned, S + V...就我而论,…
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4.As good ( ill ) luck would have it, S + V...幸运地(不幸地)* [& k2 A3 V! d0 z  c* Q
5.As is often the case with + O, S + V...…对…是常有的事
8 B$ ?, Q2 B2 P( h! j9 Y* G, H; v6.Besides, we should not neglect that S + V...此外,我们不应忽略
% ?5 U5 U9 j+ E$ I" w: U7.But the problem is not so simple. Therefore, ...但是问题不是如此单纯。所以…/ E3 {& Q" D' ]7 R2 {( I0 L, E
8.But it is a pity that S + V...但是遗憾的是…' K6 a/ @% Y4 {) f( q
9.Compared with + N, S + V...较之…,…. |; x0 {: p/ x" n% v% m; r4 d
10.Even if ( Though ) + S1 + V1, S2 + V2...即使…,…
4 ^) N! P5 c- P- e) I/ D3 ]11.First of all, S + V...首先,…7 l. Q9 d, S; b
12.For all + N, S + V...虽然…,…' l$ ^* M& P0 F; c7 {
13.For example, S + V...例如,…- e* A' r( P" o) s* Q% \
14.For instance, S + V...例如,…
) X5 Q# }# ?* W$ S: h4 W1 B15.For one thing, S + V...一则,…
! O. w6 Y5 ?- W8 u16.For the other, S + V...另一方面,…8 N3 H( n# _' t( _7 T
17.For this reason, S + V...因为这个缘故,…2 n; l9 d7 }  o' N, f
18.I take it for granted that S + V...我认为…是理所当然的
$ }, O5 V: g! \( u+ H0 b5 r4 W7 o19.If we take ... into account ( consideration ), we + V...如果我们考虑到…,我们…7 \9 V# C$ Y. f! u! J- J; P
20.In accordance with + N, S + V...根据…,…
; n4 ?, W' g( I& v1 L6 j6 A21.In addition, we should + V...此外,我们必须…5 `( o0 k4 Y' ^/ y9 m7 j* @
22.In all likelihood, S + V...十之八九,…& U: ]. C/ i- o; b  I
23.In comparison with + N, S + V...和…比较,…
0 I$ C" L. p, W+ D5 r0 @% C' X5 h24.In fact ( reality, truth ), S + V...事实上,…
7 W9 f* [- {; e2 z) Y5 y25.In nine cases out of ten, S + V...十之八九,…& T/ Y# A8 ^$ |5 F( {6 j+ K! J
26.In other words, S + V...换句话说,…
! g6 k9 Y2 R0 M0 |3 D, W9 Q, y" g: ^5 t27.In relation ( respect, regard, reference ) to + N, S + V...关于…,…
6 J! a- z) x+ D+ `28.In spite of + N, S + V...虽然…,…
  j4 ^7 X$ h) y- ^( l1 C) Q29.In the beginning, S + V...首先,…! w3 H" W5 @6 E7 V
30.In the first place, S + V...首先,…2 p& x+ ]: y+ F0 ~) G5 ^- |
31.It is not too much to say that S + V...…说起来并不过份
% a9 D! @  P0 |/ E32.No matter wh- + S1 + V1, S2 + V2...无论…,…
3 d% D) }* \  s$ \4 G33.To begin with, S + V...首先,…$ H" {! n" v( o6 S
34.To change another words, S + V...换句话说,…
4 R# e* {. v" p" @" r1 `" u; M+ Y35.To cite an old saying, S + V...套句古人说的话,…+ z! ~0 p. T9 N: r
36.To one's astonishment, S + V...令某人吃惊地,…2 L& X( J" {& A
37.To one's delight, S + V...令某人高兴地,…
6 X7 q5 r6 f( R7 S6 \7 u! o' X5 K3 [38.To one's disappointment, S + V...令某人失望地 ,…
( N1 R) Z9 ^7 m39.To one's excitement, S + V...令某人兴奋地,…/ H2 N  _$ u7 j0 \- |; ^+ }( O& G
40.To one's joy, S + V...令某人高兴地,…
5 v* g6 I; [7 n  t, `1 B% c$ H41.To one's regret, S + V...令某人后悔地,…
5 R: c: z7 k; r/ p) U0 ^" L42.To one's surprise, S + V...令某人吃惊地,…
1 T, E$ c) ^% E6 |0 q. _/ Q43.To start with, S + V...首先,…
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44.To take...for example, S + V...举…为例,…
, W& X& \, z9 [45.We have enough reasons to V我们有足够的理由…7 U6 y; s% `0 l1 o' Z1 B2 M: q
46.What I must emphasize is ...我必须强调的是…! ]* Q* d* `' s9 P; C4 a, y  ]7 Y' A
47.What's more, S + V...此外 ,…1 k, s% O6 @; D5 D$ h
48.What seems to be the problem is that S + V...问题似乎是…
7 ]8 h$ p7 t% W" C. ]
1 @1 I- L- `) q, }# _/ I* O$ x  C+ A& T  (转)5 C$ ~. O& n* l+ E- S
, h( N/ {! L+ I* n% P8 a, E: Q/ p
1.By contrast, if..., it will certainly be the fact that S + V...相反地,假如…,那一定…
6 H6 |: B4 W3 H7 g# `2.But for + N, S + V(假设法过去式或过去完成式)...若非…,…  b9 \4 a, M2 @" `/ e+ X9 e" ^
3.From now on, S + V...从现在起
8 B5 I- J! P) M6 ?4.Hardly had + S1 + V1(p.p.) when ( before ) + S2 + V2...一…就…1 t( {5 I4 G! h0 E2 I1 W$ h
5.Have you ever + V (p.p.)....?你曾经…吗?
7 ~% D3 k, b+ Z( z3 H6.If by any chance S1 + V1, S2 + V2....万一…,…( D  ^% B# Z- l8 V# \1 i
7.If only + S + V...!但愿…!+ k* [! M5 ^9 M  y* I$ R
8.In other words, S + V...换句话说,…
7 B! Y4 D3 |) T7 G: j. R# b+ ]8 m9.In the meantime, S + V...同时,…+ Z# t6 g' X1 h' ?4 S( }9 A' q
10.In the similar way, S + V...同样地,…
1 f) a) l6 E  p  T11.In this manner, S + V...如此一来,…7 U9 ?8 H* o5 a0 P  ^5 C# O. O
12.In this light if..., there can surely be no doubt that S + V...有鉴于于此,假如…,确实无疑地…
$ |( k0 s) T  W& H7 H4 e" l% E  j- a13.Indeen, S1 + V1, but S2 + V2...没错…,但是…
/ E5 c! t7 c) N8 c+ [. d; Q14.It's 强调的人、事、物、地、时 + that S + V...正是…" O9 J% R& d8 G/ E/ S# F; J
15.It's high ( about ) time for + O + to V...该是…的时候了5 z( j% H3 d3 X+ A2 f) i7 ]" Z6 q
16.It's high ( about ) time that + S + should V...该是…的时候了3 p6 Y, J" W! K( L
17.It stands to reason that S + V...…是理所当然的
, i- S0 q* _4 c; o- i- z18.No doubt, S1 + V1, but S2 + V2...没错,…,但是…% L$ K% B7 `+ d! [- |5 U
19.Now that S1 + V1, S2 + V2...既然…,…
! v2 a6 M* _7 c& A+ f20.On the contrary, S + V...相反地,…6 i- g+ q' B- |1 l) q/ b
21.On the one hand, S + V...一方面,…
7 U- ], p1 f1 U" J22.On the other hand, S + V...另一方面,…. ^+ K% P8 P1 i& A
23.On ( Upon ) V-ing, S + V...一…就…# i# @; i/ a2 f! R2 _. m/ R
24.Owing to + N, S + V...由于…,…
2 p4 q/ ^& P9 B( \% _9 `& b% D5 v  u* R25.The chief reason why + S + V + is...…主要的原因是…/ k6 K# p  K$ y2 B3 `
26.To do one justice, S + V...公平而论,…
1 S  _7 Z6 U& q: u$ C5 Q27.To make matters worse, S + V...更糟的是,…* b; r1 L  j3 J
28.To put it differently, S + V...换句话说,…
  D  z; }$ B2 U% }" Z29.To tell the truth, S + V...老实说,…
0 f6 E$ l6 H1 h6 K, T1 W$ M5 ^30.Undoubtedly ( Absolutely ) S + V...毫无疑问地,…& C& E8 P/ Q( G3 t) J2 L
31.We must recognize that S + V...我们必须承认
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32.We cannot be too +我们愈…愈好
6 ~9 G: D8 C& q) v( o/ l7 V33.We cannot + V + too +我们愈…愈好
3 b9 E0 w, b7 e: h. o* d$ Q34.We cannot over-V我们愈…愈好! ^! T% F- ]+ d+ R
35.What if S + V.........?要是…该怎么办?- M9 e$ w. S- G# H
36.What's worse, S + V...更糟的是 ,…, A' B+ q" n6 W6 i# S  K# l
37.Without + N, S + V(假设法)... 若非…,…' {* s. }' s  N
38., not to mention + N…,更甭说…
$ d( z# y* s* H8 `, A39.; that is to say, S + V...…,那就是 ,…
5 z% I" z+ B* u3 q2 @# @7 Z# {(合)# K' V: ^) a7 n% Y- A
  B- [- V% D4 q1 y3 J
1.Above all ( things ), S + V...最重要地,…
; I: ^9 W. G6 F' c7 W2.According to the aforementioned, S + V...综观上述所云,…
4 g) k0 B1 k! _1 Y3.As a result ( consequence ), S + V...结果,…* ~+ H. B2 G! F& Z" q3 |
4.As long as S1+ V1, S2 + V2...只要…,…
8 @  R, ^7 s' Y0 C5.As we know from the above, S + V...由上述我们可知,…
7 c8 ~5 _2 E7 e' H! e  y& u/ ~6.At any rate ( cost ), we should V...无论如何,我们应该…
& y9 V' J  ?. P' b. i) A7.Because of this, we can find that S + V...因为如此,我们可以知道…
( K& E, m" @  r) j+ i8.For this reason, S + V...基于此因 ,…
1 g/ Y/ V& f& C3 T( Z  V4 E9.From the ... point of view, ...从…的观点来看,…9 i4 g. q# ], z8 r  W" T9 M2 L
10.If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt that S + V...假如我们能做到以上所提者,无疑地…
9 ~6 `9 j' h: a) U11.In a word, S + V...一言以蔽之,…
3 O0 @- y$ p$ b7 B0 r- P1 \' ?12.In any case, we should V 无论如何,我们应该…' E5 ?% T# x) \$ R) h5 ?& @  N2 n
13.In short ( brief ), S + V...简而言之 ,…
6 @7 Z. X% _" q- z: O14.In conclusion, we should V 总而言之,我们应该…
. ]# P; T# E' N& @* m6 f, V& `15.Judging from the above, S + V...从以上来判断 ,…
. o$ n$ ?* U: r4 `, {- O7 o* z16.Last but not least, S + V...最后还有一件重要的事就是…: {1 o1 s+ |7 b5 z: [7 m
17.Only by this can we V...只有以此我们才能…& P# p) q2 M( d$ d0 z
18.On the whole, S + V...整体而论 ,…& S! _4 F& h& T0 z
19.On this ground, S + V...基于此种原因
- F  `4 V8 C9 j; G$ U20.Owing to this fact we can find that S + V...因此我们可以知道…
* B; {8 q% O( n0 q4 f; h21.The long and the short of it, S + V...总之 ,…
3 T9 R6 Q. v- z+ ^22.To be short ( brief ), S + V...简而言之 ,…2 B1 g( B4 X* l" e; c1 c
23.To sum up ( conclude ), S + V...总之 ,…
+ J( F1 f; h0 B# }* v24.Thus, this is the reason why S + V...因此,这就是为什么…的原因6 x9 @$ r, |: N8 _+ Z
25.Under no circumstances should we V...无论如何我们绝不…1 v! E7 j$ c( i) ~4 D0 D
26.What we must do is to V...我们只要…就可以了
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