 鲜花( 1)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
一名中国留学生初到美国,在机场找厕所,问老外:「Where is W.C.?」老外听不懂。一名中国太太到医院生产,洋护士问她:「Did you have a bowel movement?」她却听不懂。还有人学了几十年的英语,还不晓得英语里的「大便」、「小便」、「放屁」真正应该怎么说……以下为一些「禁忌」(taboo)的美语之整理。毕竟这些都是咱们日常生活的一部分,说不定有一天这些「禁忌」之语还能「派上用场」呢! m! q7 m, U" d: d$ s
/ Y( |. b+ F7 R+ O0 n 一、厕所 & a& t8 f2 X4 ?
在美国一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女厕均可)或分别叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不过在飞机上,则叫 lavatory,在军中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是过去英国人用的,在美国,几乎没有人使用。
( | x2 P& \# N0 s# J* F9 C, k# M
. p# N, W P( m, L" | 二、解小便
. E+ S6 }1 ?) K6 _8 A- T5 b, e 最普通的说法是 to urinate(名词是 urination),如果去看病,护士为了化验小便,就会给你一个杯子说: ; G: c/ \3 y- {# L4 l# c
Will (could) you urinate in this cup?
& D6 s/ d, c1 j8 M: Q/ L! t, a8 R5 I9 ^% l6 k
医生或许也会问: 9 Y/ y' s* F3 c) i, d9 {& L
Do you have trouble urinating? ! J7 g3 y k/ D: W3 `/ C
=Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困难吗?) / N8 W: H4 W+ P
, `7 `) N n. v/ Y2 C$ R ~* D& Y 此外,还有其他的说法:
% b3 p+ \3 q7 x- e to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如:
5 Y( ]6 D& {5 o V6 ?; m * I need to piss = I have to take a leak. 5 H5 s# e8 ^- V/ b- Z7 e
* How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便几次?)
/ |: V Q& F0 @+ A6 D: ], w4 @
4 A4 o; }9 t* L! M W 此外,john(j 小写时,不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),这通常是指在户外工作场地所使用的临时或流动性厕所(有时前面也加 portable 一字)。不过也有老外把家里的厕所叫做 john。 例如:
( H4 E3 X/ p; F! Y- [" K# }; r( R) ` * There are several (portable) johns in the construction site. $ [$ {( y7 T+ |( P5 R
在建筑场地有几个临时厕所。 + w& S) w. v9 c- y7 f- N2 n: y; ?
' |$ l5 R2 u- p) A& E; B2 c Z * He went to the john a few minutes ago. % ]/ z7 j% \/ D2 y/ E6 M/ ~9 ^4 _
他在几分钟前上了厕所。 . A* q* H( T% H' {( l
. g8 u( L! l& |9 o5 W$ R% f * The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours.
9 L3 `1 q8 J. O+ E 劳动者在工作时间内需要使用流动性厕所。
- K& B- e2 }* b7 {) B
" E3 h, I- C2 s7 p 不过,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如:
( M6 t5 J* z f' @ * The boy needs to pee. / j* f2 h0 l) y! C1 V
N( f/ [3 C# S; S S; s2 R. p9 H# s
然而,「小便检查」又叫做 urine test,因为这里的 urine 是化验的样品(specimen)。例如:
2 J* c ^* N2 l* s2 y * Do I need a urine test?
/ D1 W' i* ~3 M% M3 _0 q* x+ G1 e" I7 K" @" r
注意:to piss off 是片语,又是指对人生气或对事物的不满。不过这是不礼貌的片语,少用为妙。 例如: . C) p1 B: x. u- H
* He pissed me off. = He made me angry. # v: K, s3 }' K6 E
* He always pisses off (at) the society.(对社会不满) 1 l/ k7 _+ o0 P4 Y& @
( c2 a, h7 g' Z9 V) j& ?
如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告诉医生说:
E1 _1 _6 t/ n% \: F * My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有浊尿,味道很重)
, Z j/ m+ q3 i+ T* Q; u8 e$ L * I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble)
, Q: a w. q1 O9 ? * I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后还会滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛病)
0 j! R) B8 e7 o/ V( }9 `3 o4 Y }4 a * I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平时少)
9 ~+ V# ?8 Q* n6 L F6 A. x, [( i! y4 Q8 i" R0 D- p/ u
三、解大便 5 v: U( ?* M6 O* @- `* y
一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a shit。如果看病,医生常问:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常吗?)(说得斯文些,就是大肠在转动)。此外,还有其他的说法: 6 i( @4 e: d: _, S, `8 i: ~% y
to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces) - F7 v- G2 t8 Z- H- V7 _. r8 L
=to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如:
; e( u+ S2 H" q% j * The patient needs to take a shit. (=to make a bowel movement)
! V" L1 w' O5 d" B, B# g
/ ?3 s) q9 i- D 不过,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如:
$ c+ y M. G* g7 u v" l% o * The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。)
( c( {+ h2 B8 D) g3 K' S6 L0 U+ O& K$ g1 p1 m" m
但是「大便检查」倒叫做 stool exam,因为 stool 也是一种化验的样品。 例如:
- D: j1 Q- ]8 ?0 S/ B5 ^ * The doctor has to exam his stool.(医生要检查他的大便。)
+ [; D+ Z6 a2 `" r8 n6 d% G7 z2 L! x
四、放屁
, L& B3 i8 }: [% z. v$ k0 X7 t" w 在美语里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 医生有时问:
% c( |# x; Y( B7 u How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas?
) [* G( q& I& S8 R: M* |% e 你放屁的次数很多吗?
& [. H8 x& F- | * Is the gas expelled by belching?
3 C& @! k! o5 @ 是否打嗝后就会放屁呢?(动词是 belch) + \6 c8 a2 x1 j( H* ]: k4 |
* He said the more he ate, the more he farted. 9 U& o9 } H8 B$ R
吃的愈多,放屁也愈多。
2 }3 W% d2 S) v; U * He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days.
7 o1 _6 ~( i+ n& h- z 过去两天中,他放屁比平常多。
) s7 w5 i' ?& |6 ^4 h) a3 `6 s9 v * Be careful not to fart in the public.
1 ^6 e9 o+ d4 k# \0 l) \4 ~ 注意在公共场所不可放屁。 ! }9 y7 k- p: M4 d
! z; Y7 i% R/ f# C 至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的说法。 例如:
. {. h8 g( h: Z" v, B+ Q * I have an upset stomach.(消化不良)
' Q* R+ w7 g+ n l = I have heartburn. = I have indigestion. : M1 Y7 `( R0 i- p6 w! j6 R/ V
注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache)
+ C1 _; ~* ?$ E) J2 `
* w r' R8 z, _/ l0 N * Something has upset my stomach for two weeks.
& c4 s, y' n# _% p) h1 B 胃不舒服有两星期了。) " u9 W A* y6 n1 R1 o
* He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity)
' \* u0 o0 z/ n) A `: V 他经常便秘。) 或 * B. z- Y# {8 b4 w
* He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或
* M$ b2 R8 D- s! U% m7 I: v: b5 w- C, A * He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或
- t! q& J& _! K& t9 e * He has no bowel movement for the past few days. ( U0 h1 v' V! f5 f# A
+ T; y; p z$ E1 J* c8 v0 v5 O& j: d" B * He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea. ; C. k6 j( S* [ Q. r2 q5 f
他拉了一阵肚子。
8 Y0 Y5 |4 U. [: E# c( a+ G2 F; @) W * He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement)
3 k- }' B: X' d' q x# O3 p" V _" ~6 K 大便时可看到血丝和粘膜。 |
|