 鲜花( 1)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
一名中国留学生初到美国,在机场找厕所,问老外:「Where is W.C.?」老外听不懂。一名中国太太到医院生产,洋护士问她:「Did you have a bowel movement?」她却听不懂。还有人学了几十年的英语,还不晓得英语里的「大便」、「小便」、「放屁」真正应该怎么说……以下为一些「禁忌」(taboo)的美语之整理。毕竟这些都是咱们日常生活的一部分,说不定有一天这些「禁忌」之语还能「派上用场」呢!
) I! M. k9 ^; r, A$ w* ]3 W0 u! u) _$ X
一、厕所 % T8 @$ S1 T. G4 C1 C- D) n$ ?
在美国一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女厕均可)或分别叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不过在飞机上,则叫 lavatory,在军中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是过去英国人用的,在美国,几乎没有人使用。
! L+ A$ N" d% Z
- x7 i5 P& \- U! q) a! A 二、解小便
! T2 A! {# m5 m; R4 ]; O) {/ S 最普通的说法是 to urinate(名词是 urination),如果去看病,护士为了化验小便,就会给你一个杯子说: 1 h6 {% F3 g* ?" k* m0 H5 h9 g
Will (could) you urinate in this cup? . @' `1 h; i1 z: Y0 g' _9 v' G
( e l& Q( D; i7 n" }2 ^* V 医生或许也会问:
# k# M" ?4 N9 m) T+ m Do you have trouble urinating?
0 W" Q' [# v) l0 E =Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困难吗?)
+ L' `. l0 p$ C5 J# G! R% }+ \1 V/ g! Q! e1 B# L' e
此外,还有其他的说法: 6 p# f- X u& t! s. \
to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如: 9 k1 x6 d# K! r9 n4 \$ e
* I need to piss = I have to take a leak. 5 X* C% T8 S8 J. I
* How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便几次?) , A1 w! U* u' Z v% ^5 p& R# E
$ c! [4 L% A) y/ [- K0 m) } 此外,john(j 小写时,不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),这通常是指在户外工作场地所使用的临时或流动性厕所(有时前面也加 portable 一字)。不过也有老外把家里的厕所叫做 john。 例如:
# k0 h; c6 Z5 I4 D) y; Z3 Z+ J9 l( | * There are several (portable) johns in the construction site.
3 V. [# o* Q: J# s 在建筑场地有几个临时厕所。 ; ~. Y0 g* E, Y
2 o5 w! D: u2 [- }* k * He went to the john a few minutes ago.
' f9 k" n4 c; r3 {/ \ 他在几分钟前上了厕所。
. w4 k% d4 g0 g" s) W0 M5 j. L0 O9 @3 Q8 C: B8 s3 `: M. y9 p! h& n% t' x
* The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours. # p; v: N" q3 g( F8 {, j0 ~
劳动者在工作时间内需要使用流动性厕所。
; S: c! r6 a2 }0 A: d
' p4 D3 T& C5 S" ` 不过,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如: + N V6 h) M6 b' \
* The boy needs to pee.
4 o1 ]8 L$ p& u/ N5 _( @. d0 e- j5 s( K
然而,「小便检查」又叫做 urine test,因为这里的 urine 是化验的样品(specimen)。例如:
* P, g) j: l, p' ~3 x6 s * Do I need a urine test?
6 _; F k( }/ m* X. V; E# [
1 {( l3 v5 o5 _/ j6 R+ Q$ e 注意:to piss off 是片语,又是指对人生气或对事物的不满。不过这是不礼貌的片语,少用为妙。 例如: + p; `, q6 h- l5 y/ X: q
* He pissed me off. = He made me angry.
& v" W/ B7 h' Y/ D * He always pisses off (at) the society.(对社会不满) : g2 X1 j. `) ?. V2 R: ?0 O1 [$ L' h
+ M; O1 k9 Z* @; q# p/ z
如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告诉医生说: 7 x& g% f- t/ v5 K% k+ V9 H
* My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有浊尿,味道很重) + b9 E% `4 ~8 V( Y2 T. x- d) {
* I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble) ' R1 j8 `& S9 f6 X
* I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后还会滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛病)
4 \$ p3 R3 U, Q4 W9 d. @ * I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平时少) ( F. t6 L+ w0 u% D: ?$ T) Y
4 S+ t/ ?- w( O4 {$ n; S- A
三、解大便 4 n. a* P0 U1 \8 K! U: B9 k
一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a shit。如果看病,医生常问:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常吗?)(说得斯文些,就是大肠在转动)。此外,还有其他的说法:
9 ]& @* N2 s+ } to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces)
9 t+ S6 G, b! N1 `3 d% a =to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如: 8 e- b0 b1 `6 W& w+ Z9 @' K
* The patient needs to take a shit. (=to make a bowel movement) $ S5 y! j- N5 `7 N
" n' p0 T7 z. E
不过,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如:
0 O( O' y1 U X * The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。)
; z$ H+ Y; N; ?
4 Y, p1 U1 `8 P/ s5 [* T s 但是「大便检查」倒叫做 stool exam,因为 stool 也是一种化验的样品。 例如: 2 G& q" |( ~* [% U2 ]8 Z9 b* G0 s
* The doctor has to exam his stool.(医生要检查他的大便。)
" B( N; D: q! n! t' B1 J9 j$ i% l
) n% [7 Y2 U& n8 I) Z7 d) g 四、放屁 * P. Z* ?* x2 U( x- D
在美语里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 医生有时问: 3 E3 O% x) b. ?2 \3 D6 S6 }
How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas? $ I7 z* q' l, ]* [. w
你放屁的次数很多吗?
: Z$ `3 H9 J0 F7 v; G0 s * Is the gas expelled by belching? 5 s+ ^/ H8 J* ~3 F0 d0 y' t. ^
是否打嗝后就会放屁呢?(动词是 belch) ) B% y! d& C# m! }0 h8 P, g" p+ c$ n
* He said the more he ate, the more he farted.
7 l* L$ A6 _9 ^4 u. P 吃的愈多,放屁也愈多。 * m; d: u( N$ C
* He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days. d9 r$ I0 p" T; L
过去两天中,他放屁比平常多。 + p# x' l8 v( a3 L9 _
* Be careful not to fart in the public.
/ h" T& A, w/ u) U 注意在公共场所不可放屁。
$ B+ Y7 x# h2 j/ U% H* ?3 n' r8 R& T5 F' G
至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的说法。 例如: ) | o1 V2 }7 D v- t
* I have an upset stomach.(消化不良) 1 n9 T& x1 ?, @/ V2 I" {
= I have heartburn. = I have indigestion.
4 V5 q4 c: J" E" c, Y; \ 注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache) ; i3 N9 u$ M) [+ _, \8 @
# C S' P& y$ `0 B1 f1 z
* Something has upset my stomach for two weeks.
# c/ Q/ T w1 a8 P: v4 q% \ 胃不舒服有两星期了。) & J* u. p3 w+ n; m% a
* He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity)
0 r0 ?4 N, T) r( C1 m0 m 他经常便秘。) 或
! H) Z7 A6 r! v5 }: M+ v, I * He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或
2 z: d6 j; U$ J) ]6 T& |6 ~& C * He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或
+ U% a6 k0 U/ Q# U3 u( W/ F * He has no bowel movement for the past few days. 0 j* o* Z( ]+ q) }, o
; D T3 w0 P( z7 Y9 l* R
* He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea.
4 a# {$ @: S) F 他拉了一阵肚子。
: |8 A+ S8 z- e0 x, L * He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement)
& o# F1 o# h: h, O/ e& n8 ? 大便时可看到血丝和粘膜。 |
|