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一名中国留学生初到美国,在机场找厕所,问老外:「Where is W.C.?」老外听不懂。一名中国太太到医院生产,洋护士问她:「Did you have a bowel movement?」她却听不懂。还有人学了几十年的英语,还不晓得英语里的「大便」、「小便」、「放屁」真正应该怎么说……
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至于性毛病,更是老中难于启齿、欲语还羞的尴尬。见到洋医生,窘迫万分,不知如何开口才是,真有「犹抱琵琶半遮面」的感受。
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以下为一些「禁忌」(taboo)的美语之整理。毕竟这些都是咱们日常生活的一部分,说不定有一天这些「禁忌」之语还能「派上用场」呢!& U8 ]3 P$ K1 K0 v q: s
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厕所: I5 P0 V/ v+ c1 H& b5 h: b
在美国一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女厕均可)或分别叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不过在飞机上,则叫 lavatory,在军中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是过去英国人用的,在美国,几乎没有人使用。0 `* V0 I8 v, u8 u$ ]" Z7 q, L
解小便
, L! A8 i& C; v5 |最普通的说法是 to urinate(名词是 urination),如果去看病,护士为了化验小便,就会给你一个杯子说:「Will (could) you urinate in this cup?」医生或许也会问:「Do you have trouble urinating?」=Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困难吗?)8 j+ Q) F. ^4 l( S2 k0 X
- Y/ b$ b9 j7 R& J6 v: l1 L6 ?此外,还有其他的说法:to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如:
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$ o! Z. X2 }3 ^2 C* I need to piss = I have to take a leak.2 Y! v& r4 ^9 _# T
* How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便几次?)6 s3 Q( {; m7 G/ b; g
1 b4 @0 c0 |7 Y6 X此外,john(j 小写时,不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),这通常是指在户外工作场地所使用的临时或流动性厕所(有时前面也加 portable 一字)。不过也有老外把家里的厕所叫做 john。 例如:
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* There are several (portable) johns in the construction site.(在建筑场地有几个临时厕所。); X( Z# L2 k# S1 {2 h
* He went to the john a few minutes ago.(他在几分钟前上了厕所。)' ~ y& E3 O" f0 ^7 l7 d3 N
* The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours.(劳动者在工作时间内需要使用流动性厕所。)% W9 u o' S5 q# q! C# B$ L
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不过,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如:
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' P5 b7 ~; \3 \/ H! ^* The boy needs to pee.+ h: ~- k/ \/ `9 l2 F& s c
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然而,「小便检查」又叫做 urine test,因为这里的 urine 是化验的样品(specimen)。 例如:
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* Do I need a urine test?
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注意:to piss off 是片语,又是指对人生气或对事物的不满。不过这是不礼貌的片语,少用为妙。 例如:8 u9 f9 k- ?. `6 s% M ]
k1 e7 K! w2 [" H* He pissed me off. = He made me angry.$ S& M7 L% z; q+ `& ?" u, b
* He always pisses off (at) the society.(对社会不满)
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. q0 A6 e- D5 T2 R- T" u如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告诉医生说: q F- W! V' R5 \, u( s% b( [
* My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有浊尿,味道很重)9 g( _3 ]8 M/ [
* I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble)$ M# I, w# f V4 @1 W- o, z/ N
* I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后还会滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛病)
1 h9 _' b4 O3 G, c9 ~# }8 z# [9 g) ]* I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平时少)
5 {2 d; G1 V Z; F& K解大便
5 a* d5 J# d' t7 j# N' P1 P2 @一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a ####。如果看病,医生常问:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常吗?)(说得斯文些,就是「大肠在转动」)2 T4 l4 A9 n. S7 h( g3 b
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此外,还有其他的说法: to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces)=to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如:
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* The patient needs to take a ####. (=to make a bowel movement)
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! i K/ {# m- Z( L0 W不过,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如:
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& X$ L$ A) \7 |# N* The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。)0 t- H* @4 r1 ~! N7 |4 w6 t4 Z8 U
7 s" f/ g" G/ S. j( X# z但是「大便检查」倒叫做 stool exam,因为 stool 也是一种化验的样品。 例如:
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* The doctor has to exam his stool.(医生要检查他的大便。)
5 o- W$ p$ ?2 E* l; Q放屁
* r, I) ]0 n) i在美语里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 例如:# a+ r8 |4 d# r! e
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* 医生有时问:「How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas?」(你放屁的次数很多吗?)6 M! T' @7 ]- m; g: i3 \
* Is the gas expelled by belching?(是否打嗝后就会放屁呢?)(动词是 belch)
* V% A( M! V& e4 G2 {, ^* He said the more he ate, the more he farted.(吃的愈多,放屁也愈多。)
* E* S, x$ b4 O4 {) N, E* He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days.(过去两天中,他放屁比平常多。)
' j% S" H5 g3 g* Be careful not to fart in the public.(注意在公共场所不可放屁。)# Z; A# A+ R% ^3 P
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至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的说法。 例如:) h' p, r; P# b z1 F' ?* q4 [
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* I have an upset stomach.(消化不良) = I have heartburn. = I have indigestion.
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(注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache)
) G/ v2 q; W) w+ Z* Something has upset my stomach for two weeks.(胃不舒服有两星期了。)
2 b& n4 h, X7 S T4 c* He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity)(他经常便秘。) 或( M3 g) i6 r% U: D7 U# J7 v# {
* He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或- N0 ]0 F" n. U9 a6 p6 J- W
* He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或8 Z8 Y7 ?3 Y0 j3 V2 z/ @& t
* He has no bowel movement for the past few days.2 x s" R/ J3 ]% h% p
* He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea.(他拉了一阵肚子。)
' V8 @/ A- N+ T: u3 a4 i9 w0 e* He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement)(大便时可看到血丝和粘膜。)- W, ^5 B$ [% B
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1 u) B9 B) q; k# C& y9 x化妆品 cosmetics8 |7 S: W# C- O" Y# i3 ]
化妆箱:cosmetics case
$ y. p- y" }7 h- Z" b1 h唇膏:lipstick) I8 g7 K$ V" K
粉底霜:foundation; vanishing cream" B: n; c- Y0 Y: w& Z3 Q/ }: K) K
油底霜:cold cream1 |1 V2 a$ U2 h9 a I0 |9 W
粉扑:powder puff8 N7 g" A! p5 l) B9 T1 m7 S/ o: ^7 F" ]
眉笔:an eyebrow pencil
$ F5 q9 W( }+ h( g8 _: j香水:perfume5 R! n" _8 b1 h% B: S; v3 i% b# _( `
眼影:eye shadow
% u9 L0 N/ v# z! C, ?乳液:skin milk
& g$ i+ c( ]2 o) I眼线笔:an eyeliner / an eye pencil7 q9 ~$ f3 u/ M! R5 b; I" _
眼线膏:eye liner
4 b5 O2 _2 ]# t4 O4 E, T眼影:eye shadow' {( g5 i0 `' s& D; c$ X/ v2 Z. f
胭脂:rouge / fard / blusher" Y5 J" P4 s2 y: Y. d" N6 t0 E6 t
洗面奶:cleansing milk
, A3 Y+ H) _; t. h去黑头洗面奶:biological cleanser ]. D% ^# \7 A q; h |
清洁面霜:clarifying cream; \( l* ^$ i7 i# E
眼部御妆水:eye make up removing
2 t* g c3 P3 M) W按摩霜:massage cream
4 O9 B: b- j8 U$ h& z) i1 |7 j: y按摩油:massage oil* p0 _. p+ Z$ Z. Y5 K* e
面膜:mask
- V9 v# x3 A3 Z* h/ j冷膜:freezing mask
' @/ {% x3 F7 M热膜:hotting mask
4 P; N8 s" \, h+ `) t- ^海藻面膜:seaweed mask
3 j4 w: c7 A$ W. Y8 s. [颈霜:restructuring compound for the neck5 q8 B1 @. a/ M0 _1 k$ L9 o
特效营养霜:rich nourishing cream
1 [ Z1 s5 ^- `2 B! s& Q0 f& X6 _眼袋霜:eyelid cream6 }: ^5 {+ s( n" s$ Q c
眼部嗜喱:eye gel3 k* P9 j- R8 P! E# S' c
日霜:day cream% A4 e( o5 [7 ^; G4 ?/ Z* X$ e/ Y
晚霜:night cream! S% Z8 \1 u0 g; \: r
眼霜:eye cream, ]* V/ [+ v. `+ Q+ T% `
精华素:Ampoule* r/ B+ v' G) q- b( V
中性:normal
: Y: V$ b9 u; J3 J ?油性:oily
. R( g( _, T: p干性:dry
! y7 }; p3 j/ @5 _ s$ E敏感性:sensitive
3 V3 w* Z/ |$ ^# W' w紧肤:refirming8 S# m7 j$ ]5 _7 t
补水:moisturizing
- h" _$ E- P. w0 T7 G- A9 p补氧:oxygenating
( ^; s/ ]) n3 n* p5 `: P补充骨胶原:collagen hyalronic
3 ^8 T8 G* q$ {$ O. l# l# a. j3 {倒膜:pour mask5 r' S( E" c" Q, n! q5 I
植物:plant9 z, P% c/ r) G/ y$ |0 x C% W
色素:pigment
9 a! j9 Y8 C# T5 ~3 O1 L; r酸性:acidity
& O% O+ d+ Q! Z F2 i4 Y碱性:alkaline4 ^- C+ w: ]: l, b, a" `
矿物质:mineral substance
& y. b! @% o1 w4 n$ L6 g8 V" w. E蛋白质:protein3 O, m$ B1 z3 q/ _ n2 |
活性细胞素:energetic cell- i' h3 u, V& I- `( T
维生素:vitamin
$ K( j7 M! V k; Q- P化妆品:cosmetic
) z3 f5 i: H' M0 G, O氧化剂:oxidant- e7 D/ W- m& o! ~/ X
胭脂:rouge9 X7 V! V9 r* U2 f
口红:lip stick# o$ K+ o. L) ?* `
粉饼:powder
) [- j" w L! L0 M# _睫毛膏:mascara
: q0 B- e, `! a9 t$ K w粉底霜:foundation
. d$ Z3 |. f D! Z+ t9 d眼线笔:eye liner pencil$ \) G5 e. Q/ R
眉笔:eyebrow pencil
/ I2 F. I# B' }/ ?0 K唇线笔:lip pencil
/ S. C. ~% h' A5 k5 h H W5 _唇膏:lip stick0 E, M+ c/ E$ V
润唇膏:lip protector6 t$ Y0 M8 i! [' ]
颜色:colour( n8 P2 w. W1 O+ P5 A7 e+ l
红色:red
9 {4 B+ w/ X9 H! K' m% Q$ ]桔红色(橙色):orange
! e+ Y; W- i& p! b4 `玫瑰红:rose0 u! e/ I& A! V7 _
棕色(咖啡色):brown
- p8 B2 U! Q0 y7 X. v, k7 A5 x黄色:yellow
) k; E8 `/ C6 h0 p蓝色:blue# I% M1 f' r) J$ V% Z# g
肉色:yellowish pink( ]% S7 s) P. _7 n$ l
黑色:black# m3 L# A0 [* C7 E) E& Z; B
白色:white' z! q( `- v( x- F f; B* K
紫色:purple
; e& x% X2 A& V3 S6 P2 ?绿色:green# Y3 b( t9 S$ ^
灰色:gray" |4 z4 a/ j: \) D
粉红色:pink* ~- M0 C' \( S Q. |$ n" c
洗甲水:cleaner u I0 R5 H. q: ?' V; K" v) `
指甲油:nail polish B5 K. [' |4 O
擦光剂:polish8 i" c3 z# Z$ Y* O1 J6 b) ?9 r+ _8 v
酒精:alcohol
6 j/ a% r7 Q$ m. M0 K/ t液体:liquid" T; e. c% }7 D& t1 n
文眉:tattoo eyeline( \& {- T k% R2 g
文睫毛线:upper eyeline
( x( S5 {! D% o! h文唇线:xlip
- r- f8 _* }- k+ K# b( I, }1 @ s深层皮肤护理:deep lifting6 R( z( |3 ` e' a+ \
胸部护理:bust treatment* z; Q0 y6 w4 R, ~/ z/ B# g
电眼睫毛:electronic eyelash
7 ~! A+ R, n" [2 t; Z- J修指甲:manicure
$ c- @3 T' S2 q2 ]剪指甲:trimx# t$ ^* p' N+ B( D# w d* O
手部护理: hand care9 G, z4 X* i' N% U! Z9 u. v, Y" r) V
减肥护理:diet care7 V/ @; f* \. [' |! J# X
腹部减肥:reduce abdomen# C/ ?: S8 s ~" f) q& v& A8 r
打耳孔:pierce ears4 t% G% R0 h; @- K3 @2 i
腿部脱毛:remove leg hours( ~5 U1 w2 I$ S" W$ G& z* T* l
新娘妆:bridal make up ^, c6 r# Z* Z$ w7 C
晚妆:evening make up4 i: V$ Y8 B3 ^) P* o5 T$ z6 ~
日妆:day make up! ]9 T& d) Q/ V: T
皮肤护理:skin care
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' `6 b8 C& `& Q- U& T/ k) o化妆品知名品牌中、英对照:4 h9 U, Q7 @: n* ? k% u! R
/ H5 ?5 r! k3 i. J! P美国品牌:
% d, p# D) o# J3 Q7 d1 b雅芳 Avon
( p: t3 k, J5 O8 L# B" {+ G. `% y1 V潘婷 Penten" L l) R5 U2 u) b% q- ^9 A( M. q8 ]
倩碧 Clinique
- o1 q. C4 q5 A, a* [' t强生 Johnson & Johnson) t" @3 Y0 C2 b; W8 s& L
玫琳凯:Mary Key( L+ o. b$ p$ D( [. v
玉兰油 Oil & Ulan
8 G- p2 {1 [! n) h海飞丝 Head & Shoulders
* v$ I1 _7 c) |% r ?/ ]7 | U高露洁 Colgare
. P. e( f0 `/ |$ }1 T8 B$ I佳洁士 Cret
6 A; m' N5 ?# j0 q# G3 r0 S尤特白 Ultra Brite7 i* j; v! F6 l( V$ {
露华侬 RevLon* O: l0 A* ?# f, Z
美宝莲 Maybelline
2 y, A( N/ j6 P. o$ D [雅诗兰黛 Este’e Lander
" { l# c& D8 X9 @伊丽莎白·雅顿 Eilzabeth Arden
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法国品牌:
3 Y# }0 @. P* v* k( G7 p欧莱雅 L’oreal
1 S5 C5 f0 F5 ]9 j, [# g兰 蔻 Lancome
; Q: a% Y& S9 q1 M5 @! \1 x夏奈尔 Chanel9 l0 F4 W0 W; }$ n5 h( ?6 }' v: ~- C
歌雯琪 Givenchy# i/ L" M: e- E& _
圣罗兰 YSL
/ T2 ^: }9 N7 F/ d2 X/ H克里斯汀·迪奥 Christian Dior: ?, N- D; b" n; Z8 n
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英国品牌:
: V) H& E) r: }3 y旁氏 Ponds
% y/ q! o9 _! V% }( O/ n4 E9 ~凡士林 Vasekine* F1 d& R1 r8 O7 K' p
克莱伦丝 Chrins
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德国品牌:4 d1 ^7 q! }' Q
花 牌 Fa- y: k# `, }: u/ A' t; |- L
威 娜 Wella" d/ U9 E! h$ e: J
妮维雅 Nivea
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/ E: o8 X/ Z3 [' M7 n/ _5 H日本品牌:" u; _/ M8 T6 l# A# A
花王 Kao
2 H9 w7 A6 v N6 d资生堂 Shiaeibo
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1 u. v! P& z4 E# A- f英语学习 招聘广告缩略语中英文对照2 {$ G4 c. v1 ]
来源:互联网6 y6 F& C/ T8 l L* F9 ~& z! y
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admim administrative 行政的3 h( F* z7 i$ |9 y' D1 p
Jr junior 初级
8 o9 W" `, N+ \9 I8 c0 R% \/ Tad/adv advertising 广告
2 L; a6 J% u7 {( \- ?1 fK 1000元$ q+ q! a$ ^6 C2 R# q5 H8 u) n r+ P6 S
agcy agency 经销商
6 U4 {3 T% y: w! Y5 h1 Tknowl knowledge 知识
8 ]! e7 ]/ V/ s& Q, ]! Cappt appointment 约会、预约
. U1 `8 r* I, J0 n. Uloc location 位置、场所+ T5 @* ^5 ?* g" Y5 V
asst assistant 助理
; S9 d2 n# k& D3 I; n! GLv/lvl level 级/层3 R. f. s9 F7 U( w( P3 p% e- E0 A
attn attention 给, 与…联系1 J3 a% r5 g& V& o1 ?5 U
mach machine 机器$ v' e% ^3 x( n! _, ]6 L: w
bkgd background 背景
6 u3 f2 |- R9 cmanuf/mf manufacturing 制造) Q4 I5 H" ?4 @5 b
bldg building 建筑物、大楼- M" Q. V! D5 D6 N8 b; l
mech mechanic 机械的+ M' B3 |4 k4 d! T
bus business 商业、生意
( U/ A- @1 |+ j( k4 a* o4 ^mgr manager 经理+ E P" ]6 l# E; R
clk clerk (办公室)职员( o) w9 b) K4 n0 T- B
m-f monday-friday 从周一到周五. T6 {4 \$ N% u; t0 D
co company 公司4 r+ ]$ i2 V o
mo month 月2 A1 f8 j& o% ]0 d1 l
coll college 大专(学历)6 [/ G3 S% M ? d
nec necessary 必要的9 G+ j$ L. r: Z3 x3 M
comm commission 佣金
* r" ~; h; R) J# A. H/ V) koppty opportunity 机会) h4 e- N( E r3 \
corp cororation (有限)公司
1 {. u8 _! `1 Z* q9 f$ a+ got overtime 超时8 b4 X8 T/ e. j4 _' l0 t x
data pro data processing 数据处理
- C4 j- p; _/ |! Y5 Q yperm permanent 永久性的
6 A7 z. e# J6 ydept department 部0 [) D' k) @* `0 ?" H
pls please 请0 u* l1 B& {7 `2 z3 a% l
dir director 董事 ?, ^0 }. o7 C" V7 P
pos position 职位
4 A( N E( w; P: v/ ~! zdiv division 分工、部门
$ Y& g2 Q, ] A0 y6 j, H7 upref preference (有经验者)优先; w/ S' B7 ~2 [( ~
eqpt equipment 装备
! a) G9 E, V! }' P/ T/ D. Wprev previous 有先前(经验)# ^4 y$ D8 X8 y Q3 {: g% N1 x5 x! v
etc and so on 等等2 Q( S3 _. V/ {7 P
P/T part time 非全日制5 p# I2 B# _: ]* O4 y
eves evenings 晚上; p4 ?) E) u5 p6 I2 X0 f
refs references 推荐信. l+ y' ~) [, p
exc excellent 很好的
7 T7 {) G; q' v: E0 g( b) L" }rel reliable 可靠的: @+ J" {' C4 l+ K( R1 X5 R
exp experience 经验% f' A% L1 U/ H6 O
reps Representative (销售)代表
/ ]5 ]3 a- T* Iexp’d experienced 有经验的# l+ l( i1 F7 _% j" {, _; Q
req required 需要4 L0 \" D( l9 G( o/ z
ext extension 延伸、扩展3 g* B0 g# @4 k$ | _/ s7 w* [1 ~0 U
sal salary 工资4 E( l2 b) A5 d8 C7 \& [
fr. ben fringe benefits 额外福利
' N, \- i. A8 e) e& ?3 wsecty secretary 秘书
4 K. v& s# L9 p2 WF/T full time 全日制/ s5 l8 u: x0 E
sh shorthand 人手不足
7 r4 ^; q2 _- P+ x7 {0 Mgd good 好
/ E0 V* J8 D6 ~8 c% e" Q. ]) n* d' |sr senior 资深
J9 V6 e e1 @6 N, S+ Ygrad graduate 毕业
# @# p* {9 F. b) Z% I: q8 Rstdnt student 学生* a* \. M7 V' \
hosp hospital 医院3 \" Y3 v0 C+ f+ D' |. @( Q
stmts statements 报告
' Y/ ~9 k ?- Thqtrs headquarters 总部/ U& B/ L/ _- j* I4 e
tech technical 技术上3 [+ W( S' H& H" {; h8 |
hr hour 小时; O, M1 B5 O4 v" F# _% o, T6 c# L
tel/ph telphone 电话
0 Z0 E" U S. _$ v- ]. ~- fhrly hourly 每小时
" ^% G; u3 @. s/ _5 c1 b6 btemp temporarily 临时性(工作)
& [+ C2 ]6 F0 F) I$ F4 FHS high school 高中(学历)
' ^7 ?5 o5 t5 S9 Mtrans transportation 交通
9 h2 P' v+ V+ Y" c# wimmed immediate 立即1 m! G6 z% E' W
trnee trainee 实习生% h& ]! H8 u1 t7 M
incl including 包括
. A' m- P% Q* [+ x$ R- o4 \typ typing/typist 打字/打字员, p- [! `5 R/ ]2 c; i' Y
ind industrial 工业的. x7 N4 E4 u( i0 e) M% w
wk week/work 周/工作6 q, D7 t/ a- ^ o4 ?; d
inexp inexperienced 无经验的; B( j+ F0 W4 a) C9 d, y! o
Wpm words per minute 打字/每分钟
: K7 i5 K6 V: i7 R% Q8 Q9 mint’l international 国际性的2 F8 v4 b1 ]$ b! `8 v
yr(s) Year(s) 年3 W( S! j& J" a2 I2 q
' X5 K# C6 b" y9 g7 K
中英对照看病就诊名词
+ a! K' l3 D- i7 v7 e* w
6 C; Z5 Z$ r! f% L5 n医学名词 Medical Terminology. M1 P: Z$ P4 z! z. {
---------------------------------$ v" D8 C; i- A3 z/ |
过敏 Allergy
8 J3 U4 n! v7 u0 A健康诊断 Gernral Check-up
; W& E& w& v- H6 qPhysical Examination4 U* \3 M$ u7 D
检查 Examination- n+ V; K+ u0 e
入院 Admission to Hospotial
# x- q+ M: V& a" z1 t3 ]退院 Discharge from Hospital
' [, m: o G' l8 B- `4 P- `0 f症状 Symptom3 k1 }- W" Z0 D
营养 Nutrition
& X( z5 }( C6 @+ n7 J5 ]病例 Clinical History$ y b" I& y) I- S3 Q; v
诊断 Diagnosis' a" b% {1 O+ d% t
治疗 Treatment: v& H( a, v. b2 R8 r1 h
预防 Prevention }, N% A: _6 I% o" O
呼吸 Respiration
b; \1 i1 b$ d/ Y' ~便通 Bowel Movement
+ U! r) q! S6 `9 ~便 Stool
7 H% G& x0 `" |# [) L血液 Blood) T' ]( l* I3 C5 U7 Q7 s& h+ m
脉搏 Pulse, Pulsation
& n F- Y% A1 i% C- e尿 Urine
6 G' o. q5 O3 ?# V; z/ f脉搏数 Pulse Rate
- b" V2 q# \! B; B' L血型 Blood Type
. k; f- k! f- Q H: t血压 Blood Pressure4 |; D) _5 W6 B
麻醉 Anesthesia- B7 T1 L- S/ J1 D4 S: m& Y5 \; ?
全身麻醉 General Anesthesia
, w9 I6 S( r8 [" m# R- Y6 v静脉麻醉 Intravenous Anesthesia
. p0 N1 t8 x8 G1 u脊椎麻醉 Spinal Anesthesia. M& {! O: D% U( J( ?. @
局部麻醉 Local Anesthesia
7 ^) g3 H) g Y- E& @3 \1 u手术 Operation
) x! ^# c4 T3 ]$ V6 J. L5 [. V$ M切除 Resectionlie e. L8 u& Z2 G
副作用 Side Effect6 e3 x4 [! Y6 f2 a
洗净 Irrigation; }. j" a& o; M+ n+ q6 t( s
注射 Injection4 u/ b- a( j' D: h5 C! z$ O
X光 X-Ray ]0 U v8 w2 w, j; v4 D) F! o5 t
红外线 Ultra Red-Ray/ r& B! s" V3 J
慢性的 Chronic' j. k: `2 | H: ?
急性的 Acute
4 \' {2 y+ E+ d. b0 s体格 Build1 L3 [% K3 r# ]) |5 d4 ~# Y2 v/ J
亲戚 Relative
& P8 s% _% h- T遗传 Heredity
; X8 }" q7 F+ ]: a- J* l免疫 Immunity N: K7 z J. Z; N1 j- d( w
血清 Serum7 A6 g- L* A$ l1 e2 D. O! t
流行性的 Epidemic
. a1 `$ G4 `. k( m潜伏期 Incubation Period
, f* b$ q' j0 y滤过性病毒 Virus
& ?6 j. h8 B: I/ o8 H0 u+ Z消毒 Sterilization
4 ~" p6 u. v, ^, A( H5 @' A' d9 X! \! Z抗生素 Antibiotic
( Q) K0 J- q, I: l- p" b脑波 E.E.G/ X9 k1 o. |- i a$ m7 g8 b
洗肠 Enema
; }( p& _) d; y7 q结核反映 Tuberculin Reaction
# V1 r7 N! t- ?& Z' D0 {华氏 Fahrenheit
; Z* j. v8 R8 X4 Z摄氏 Celsius, Centigrade$ H+ c6 @- V8 N' m% M, p; I+ f& J* s
{7 W7 [& ]" l) @! t
药品 Medicine$ ~' a: u% g/ ~8 X4 R' b
=================
9 @& V5 h% ]1 D. X6 x冰袋 Ice Bag
; p) p( E* Y+ x, y% @药品 Medicine (Drug); S4 {' d- W2 }0 O$ m
绷带 Bandage" e2 ^/ b% b6 W1 z. Y6 R0 I0 F
胶带 Adhesive Tape( _/ m. w+ X B) e
剪刀 Scissors
' s3 i1 b: o$ A! B体温计 Thermometer9 v6 C8 S k- p- s7 C
药丸 Tablet, Pill& S% t, C7 t$ g6 w6 s- b; m, Q* R
舌下锭 Sublingual Tablet! p$ j& d/ r9 u$ f, o- A
胶囊 Capsules
9 e* B. E3 \$ \* B软膏 Ointment
6 [" S2 A1 Q. `2 z$ t) V+ J眼药 Eye Medicine& a* y7 p* }9 ~1 t# {5 V5 R
止咳药 Cough Medicine
- ]. n: W) R; w+ p% X阿司匹林 Aspirin$ v" X6 z* h; U& S, z
止疼药 Pain Killer. ~4 _5 j4 P5 V3 ~9 ` s
药方 Prescription! V+ o' n4 V0 \- V" X
D* S$ e+ a, e* F7 x& m. K
症状及名称# O# j3 W1 G, o5 t; f
一般症状
8 R! I, b" f# ~9 f/ B& N============================
9 i4 v. K% J$ \- A/ v发烧 Fever
! x# [: F* X, z: {- D5 @' r高烧 High Fever
& O% F: v: Z& X% _3 m发冷 Chillsz+ O% a: g1 a- h/ b: f& E' s
发汗 Sweats, Q, p, M/ S; V* k
盗汗 Night Sweats v/ z. N0 [9 Q6 ]0 j |
倦怠 Tireness( E8 p O+ x3 s+ s" s
失眠 Insomnia
3 `0 z% h$ T6 C& c: O肩头发硬 Stiffness in Shoulder0 J+ S' |6 D6 ?6 ^
打喷嚏 Sneeze
( f$ o) U. k, q& M: r P2 R( ?2 {打嗝 Hiccup2 N5 l' K/ `( u( J. ]8 A
痒 Itch. E4 e, l; i+ t, V" a, R# T# S
腰疼 Low Back Pain
G2 V3 z5 N5 [& C5 I* b% c# k( S8 i头疼 Headache
7 m2 `& K8 y' d' R$ n. I7 t痛 Pain (Ache)5 r l& t" Z' h0 y0 V$ [- y
急性疼痛 Acute Pain% ]5 ~" |4 F8 |* u' j' D' c7 Q+ e
激痛 Severe Pain2 `) M8 I5 z& w& t* U0 G. P* R0 k
钝痛 dull Pain: t. a0 @3 W' Q: m E9 ?" m
压痛 Pressing Pain4 x% |0 d0 Y4 V$ M. B4 ~
刺痛 Sharp Pain# f# _6 S. Y0 Q3 c: e8 Z8 T
戳痛 Piercing Pain; T* U O( U9 K( y; ^( C, W9 U# n7 y
一跳一跳地痛 Throbbing Pain1 F8 o5 P" J* ]- a4 m( w3 C
针扎似的痛 Prickling Pain' A5 j& P5 z( @! y, x1 B
烧痛 Burning Pain
9 Z- P- f' P# U, v% t裂痛 Tearing Pain; \! @1 }- d" D+ U, [
持续痛 Continuous Pain
; Y6 F$ X, ?. z1 Y3 S) C不舒服 Uncomfortable
7 v! R6 O- z% |6 H绞痛 Colic- p. D- C4 _* d3 d8 [7 d: m
放射痛 Rediating Pain
6 @$ R" @4 g, k/ e5 D8 L溃烂痛 Sore Pain
5 d7 [7 a% D" u, Q, M/ f痉挛痛 Crampy Pain; C6 i; n- L* G" J; }
顽痛 Persistent Pain
" T/ U( `# ]9 ^3 j% n+ F' T轻痛 Slight Pain
* @% Z1 @- a7 K: E+ A) s血尿 Bloody Urine
: K1 ~ W* T; z; E浓尿 Pyuria
+ J) R" v7 ?8 ]4 C6 T粘液便 Mucous Stool3 c0 U2 l3 }3 H1 N+ l% p
粘土样便 Clay-Colored Stool/ S4 V$ k) P, p( _" [4 @
验血 Blood Analysis
" X# b$ A+ m+ C$ p" Z红血球 Red Cell2 f1 \8 I. k( `% S( i6 t- v; a: R
白血球 White Cell/ r! D, O4 ^$ L4 ?
呼吸数 Respiration Rate8 x2 |$ c; {; g- v" H* C
呼气 Expiration
2 E! z6 _4 X' [9 A6 o吸气 Inspiration
+ ^: g h% x7 _% n' V. I# ?呼吸困难 Difficulty in Breathing% m8 M. g5 F4 _
不规则脉搏 Irregular Pulse
w" a; W8 _0 c7 _* P1 J4 E慢脉 Bradycardia0 U- C1 m! C3 s1 r$ l
快脉 Rapid Pulse: I. ^+ i& K: i7 G: B
尿浑浊 Cloudy Urine* L! A0 _- ?" n9 y
蛋白质 Albuminuria
. A7 ]5 K5 W ]糖尿 Glucosuria8 {% f8 U7 Q% v1 g- T; @2 e
瘦 thin, Skinny
( p/ w j5 u3 a肥 Fat |
|