 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
; Y! |8 s8 F6 c- H: [: cInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the
# Z6 O% N4 H3 ]+ v, c, z. p0 R2 Wsyllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,. Y; N0 Z* n& h
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
: q- ^2 {. |$ F, A6 [" Y(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of5 S9 o" K7 @" U. _" i/ i
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’). Y3 W% | C" W) [2 ?
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=4 l7 n6 [* l& n& K# ?
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]: x7 x# ^1 H; r6 n
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving6 S" b# _/ l2 w4 X
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on! [6 G, u3 `6 O2 ], _6 m
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
6 ^% ^' F0 d2 W(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
- d& I- E4 l3 k* Vsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
7 `* u: J/ I' ^# P- w/ |) Zsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
$ n& _& N, }5 g) `7 @end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
, v; z0 t+ a3 n" u, y5 qcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,) m' S* G- x6 p/ u, a
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..( }) m! Z Y, h" _
* k o6 g6 [: | z0 W(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
; J+ {0 U0 {5 `8 Z. e& F6 Pand American speakers of English, |
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