 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The+ `. g4 {- J) O
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the+ ~" ?2 F9 R; C0 Z# o9 G q
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
2 ~; A' X+ o+ Oand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
& d) o1 `6 Z9 v2 q: v* e(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
/ O9 P l" c7 @6 Oretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).' @; u5 h7 _% Y( |+ O
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
+ y n) s+ l& V8 l[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]: W/ r0 S# C8 G
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving x% V2 V5 `1 Z
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on2 B* R) ~$ \: t: T4 G
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset; F2 r7 ]$ Z1 B
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two$ x& T, J0 H/ S
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a4 g; w# H+ z8 Z' }# S2 i7 a" ^# h" b
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
! Q1 Q. h0 z/ X! X3 t/ Zend with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In4 ]. Z( I- }! v3 G2 d# l, Y3 l+ J' {7 L" T
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,/ t5 e& W; z6 i; }+ B/ V% \+ {
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
9 m L: Q, w9 }9 w- M
4 O- n3 x X) e" \# R(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
; Z) E/ g# V0 gand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
