 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The4 S' E: B9 N# \# T; W# s
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the% q! ?% P! }, Z0 h* Q) D
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
( R" d- Z% V4 wand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
8 v) `5 O* Y3 B% l& l(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of x: @9 Z7 ]# k) y2 s% `
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’)./ Z/ A- X( _5 \: @, q& ^
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=: V" [7 C$ Q2 g5 V5 J5 ?
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]0 R' f1 `4 r; m
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
0 l& n, c4 J# S' f4 {' _6 F' `6 x5 }retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
* H: O: @4 |/ o- ]5 S7 h& |5 xpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset" w8 ?* K0 q3 w ^, v1 w
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
0 w3 G' B4 n! W- d) T, J$ t. Asegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a1 y) D- H; p& M( {
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e." I$ {: \" a# B$ f, _0 C" b9 B% ?
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In+ d; P% o: x) w0 q3 r$ I2 N" I
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
! H5 T9 V, X P' d" j r8 }# Xthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..6 S- ?) m- \# T
# A0 t7 H$ x- _! {5 O7 W# j(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
# K8 ?: T$ S5 |( R0 S. Band American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
