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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Let n >1 be an integer . U/ S' i- k9 t: E# ~
Basis: (n=2)" d1 ~7 g3 X3 `( ]4 X
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 34 _+ \; W: c; V3 C3 n3 H5 _
4 C9 W8 R4 x0 h; n! `% [$ QInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that4 e! f* Y, d# d" \% L2 ?6 Z/ s7 f
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3( R$ ]" }" W! i
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
# q- s! Q( S |3 m% v9 X: o6 yThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)& U5 M8 \; |7 t4 j
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K' a) b6 I2 `- E: g& G. s
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
: }) \; k1 U- I* H$ ? = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
' u2 h. L! Z: J+ S! N+ Bby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
; c) x0 ?; c/ _3 k% @% ySo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K). t. j: `9 i/ c2 ]& g
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)! k8 s+ w+ l0 B2 w6 T6 X5 e" n
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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