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NO SPEAKING, LAITY
This is my first time to address here. XIAO FENG CAN YUE wants me to tell guys how to drive a turbo car correctly so that everybody can benefit it and identify who is correct and who is a laity but which made so much boring noise. Please see the attachment that tells you how to deal with a TURBO. Do pay attention to BOOST R.M.P, PEAK TOUQUE R.M.P, and PEAK HORSEPOWER R.M.P.
6 {- _2 h: q; x$ N s0 w$ w" z0 U5 ^: U5 ~2 T/ W/ D v
9 a( A. o5 n& v$ fTech Sheet
, V6 Z9 {0 A p G9 b, Y‘Frequently Asked’
( O5 y8 z$ F, r# s1 u# ^‘Turbo Questions’(In no particular order)
: b( X( [% K8 \Your turbocharger is engineered to match the specific requirements of the engine it is
' n9 N$ X3 @; e$ F2 `4 i$ Vfitted to. Each is dependent on the other to maintain optimum performance. Don't
% U* ^8 z8 [, V8 R9 [4 Bthink of the turbo as a bolt-on accessory, rather as an integral part of the engine. The
! V4 v n9 U7 ^. B- E% ^7 M* Eturbo's requirements are similar to the engine’s. It is, therefore, essential that" V/ e. G _- H! D
scheduled servicing, using good quality oils and parts, is central to caring for your
- N+ {' I2 h; w# }1 Fturbo.: q5 K$ S' D' m, l$ |
In many instances Berrima Diesel receive turbochargers which have been4 E1 }5 H6 h% q/ @
misdiagnosed as having a turbo problem, when actually the turbo is not at fault.
$ |: h8 R% N% O5 Q% |% FIncorrect fault finding is often caused by a lack of product knowledge. Many0 M8 L/ w# l6 i7 I
contributory items around the engine bay can trick the unsuspecting into believing the% I( }+ B$ p5 A$ t$ t0 y
turbo is the culprit, when in fact it is not. Unfortunately, if the real problem is not
# D, K+ W2 h9 y$ p# _6 S- ediagnosed before a replacement turbocharger is fitted, the problem still exists!
2 e: f- L I' Y1 {/ ]) VWe have a saying at Berrima Diesel which goes, "Turbos don't die. They’re killed". A
+ I9 H; h+ |4 K% @5 `2 l! w9 H" Z* lturbo can be killed in many ways.
: I; n7 v, `; hForeign object damage results in either the air intake "compressor wheel" or exhaust$ t* J% J# Y- x
"turbine" wheel being damaged. The former is often caused by someone accidentally
) z- e" `! N$ j0 [ ?; G& Gleaving a nut or other foreign body in the air induction hoses. Please be extremely1 b+ i9 Y, D: E& V2 \( \2 P
careful if going to an aftermarket air-filter. Genuine is bests there! In the latter case,
& W0 @( w6 P f2 W w+ nthis may be caused by part of an engine component, such as a piece of valve, exiting
. O" U, Q6 N) T8 ~4 fthe engine in rather a hurry! In both cases it results in severe turbocharger damage- L3 w# d& V1 @( c# F1 B
instantly.) z- a( D* a/ V+ k. t- A
Turbochargers are simple in operation, but manufactured to precise tolerances as fine
% O3 o; H- J6 T2 d! ^9 xas 1/ 1,000,000 of an inch. The turbo unit manufacturers balance and test every single5 f& }$ V& J! l- w5 ?: f
turbocharger many times, including final assembly. The balancing methods and
5 H& c' ?; `! ~& @procedures are unique. Without them, no turbocharger can be balanced to the ultrafine
0 N3 C& A2 f; i: Ztolerances required for today’s high speed turbos. It is now common for
: s1 L+ ]/ D- Q3 q. P& C uturbochargers to spin up to 150,000 rpm +.
3 u/ j7 y" [' [4 g3 J" vThat’s approximately 35 times faster than most diesel engines rev at the red line!
% v0 f3 c9 J) [8 K3 V. `( ^Sophisticated machinery and highly trained factory staff ensure that the highest5 f. D5 ^) r* U7 Z6 ]( i
standards are always maintained.
6 F- c _8 w( m- q6 `6 I5 t2 LUseful tips when driving any turbocharged engine, whether it be petrol or diesel, are9 I4 n3 S v, p/ H' o5 ], u
to always allow the engine to warm-up fully, until the water temperature gauge# n7 A' _$ d+ c
reaches normal, before full throttle is used. Try to plan the end of your journey) @3 k0 {) \( {$ ^( j8 q+ `' [) |5 _
sympathetically. Don’t use full throttle or allow the engine to labour during the last
5 X' u9 {& `! D" P3 d4 nfew miles. This will prevent excessive heat build-up within the turbo when the engine
" o8 c! ^7 U/ } [5 X9 \% A/ Mis turned off. Also, when coming to a standstill, try to leave the engine idling for a
% a$ c) Z& V, Nfew extra seconds to allow the heat to decrease. No need for a timer though, just undo- X. O$ z E! I
your seat belt first and then turn off the engine. Never rev the engine just as the
1 k* r z" W2 ~7 l {7 u+ cignition is turned off. Remember the turbo spins at a far greater speed then the+ T' q X$ S: y3 d
engine, but is lubricated with engine oil. Once the engine stops the oil supply ceases" ^9 Y, H; g; s2 g* a
within a few seconds. In reality, none of the above traits will cause a turbocharger to
; [5 C7 e0 R, W0 ifail immediately, but repeatedly over a long period, they could reduce the life of your
: Q( K% e+ ?- [6 m8 E* |; }+ hturbocharger.
1 k( g, J) m! a3 U) H5 i& h) h& jIf it becomes necessary to seek advice about a turbocharger or a turbo related
) u, d: F* K- T5 c, rproblem, always rely on a professional. Berrima Diesel, together with DTS
6 _) u: y5 g- H+ r. H5 j3 tturbochargers, are Australia’s leading turbo specialist, and are acknowledged as one
1 g4 E& ?6 p4 Y- @% hof the most experienced turbo installation companies in the world. We can advise
8 E9 ]5 }4 K3 V( ~/ \1 L4 Pcustomers with turbocharged 4WD’s on a wide variety of questions and issues! t+ G% O! w/ n, [/ V0 Z
relating to owning and running a turbo car.; K: a) [% P6 ^! g$ {- K
It cannot be stressed too much how important it is, when purchasing turbocharger
1 l1 T; \1 q0 R, n% _system, always to choose the top brand name -Berrima Diesel. Consider this. As with
2 I+ H9 ~6 {0 M+ @, L5 n/ Oso many things in life, quality costs, and there are sometimes cheaper turbos for sale.; J9 }1 j2 q- Y
Without the safeguard of using a Berrima Diesel turbocharger, you run a serious risk
( C+ Z8 l+ }1 V" W7 Nthat your short-term saving may turn out to be a long-term nightmare.
2 s d, T9 T! \4 o6 ^7 k2 k& KWhat is 'Boost'?
8 M; {5 K2 X' I& N9 n8 VBoost is a term used to describe the increase in pressure, provided by the
: N5 x% H% M5 J+ yturbocharger, to the volume of air, entering the engine. This pressure is expressed in
0 ~" A8 y0 [( {0 }; x; Q# {9 c1 ha number of different units, (BAR, ATM, Kpa, P.S.I.), but they all mean the same
( R" d& H+ c" f$ }& `thing. For purposes of approximate comparison; 1 BAR = 1 ATM = 100 Kpa
7 o. J( t! {; i, ?14.7P.S.1. When the pressure of the engine's inlet air is increased, the engine's power
0 G+ a* U* m" M1 K; v& E! w5 H ~output is increased. This pressure increase is called 'boost'.
6 Z0 z1 N/ A5 a: J' @1 Q' WHow does fitting a Dynamic Turbosystem effect the power of my
: Q2 E9 Q2 b6 ]8 F% Y: xvehicle?
* y, I2 K( L3 {7 h+ ^( }: q* {Modern 4WD diesel engines, typically produce peak torque (pulling power), at' s' V" v: w4 A' e9 ~# u
around 2,000-2,500 R.P.M. and peak horsepower at around 3,500-4,000 R.P.M.
' i2 k6 C. W6 X5 W/ O! r/ XTurbo boost starts at approximately 750 R.P.M. and rises progressively to its) ^* B( K5 X3 e' ^& B# P1 w) ] w
maximum pressure of approx. 70 Kpa (10 P.S.I.) by approx. 2,000 R.P.M. At this
* l+ ]% m% x7 K" ~4 }point, the percentage torque increase of a correctly tuned installation is approx. 40%,
# S4 q% W2 s( R- I1 ^* S: sat the wheels. This continues to the peak horsepower point of 3,500-4,000 R.P.M. At
) A& l& l! ]9 w; L1 Pno point is it ever any less than standard. e.g. at 1500 R.P.M. it is at least 25% greater2 Q. @: G1 Q6 S* O ~8 B9 o! F1 N
than the standard vehicle at the same R.P.M.4 A5 o* `) @7 @; E& s
Can I fit a Dynamic Turbosystem myself and, if not, how long and
& {6 R2 [% h1 L' } o9 Xwhat is the cost of having it fitted for me ?4 U# b+ \6 o6 |& _/ j4 e
While most competent mechanics could probably fit a Dynamic Turbosystem,
4 j# P7 I( ]0 w; X/ b, f9 A% Gtuning requires specialised knowledge. The lack of this knowledge could have' D) r$ P# V, g# l+ ~! T2 @5 I6 b
serious consequences. In addition, warranty can only be provided on Dynamic
9 e J+ B, `1 ~" WTurbosystems which are installed by authorised facilities.' b$ _- i! z2 O; K9 {; ~
The cost of having the installation performed by Andrew at Berrima Diesel is7 x: k! _ L# O9 Y
only about 10% of the total purchase price. This provides a warranted, correctly2 f. O3 l$ z* \. {+ Q8 |( @9 f- F0 x; \
tuned, "no hassle" installation for the customer. All diesel vehicle installation can be
( o; z- A' c- Q. Gperformed in one day.9 l# }) C+ P4 D
What creates the most heat? Fuel or turbo boost?+ D0 u* \: [8 R7 l$ E
Diesels do not need an air control (eg. manifold butterfly valve. The only ones& I1 ~0 g$ T( }7 O- I
requiring a butterfly are vacuum operated governor pumps) to operate. The more air
$ H% Z2 a. A! g3 {the better. Add too much fuel to the equation and the exhaust gas temperature: ^ G8 H+ P) _
rises rapidly.
) Z4 v: X! b+ o2 z) L" S4 fWhat type of oil and how often should it be changed ?6 J4 P; c% j( n
Turbos must have good quality oil. Use either a mineral, semi or fully-synthetic' b1 i; i7 ~; i" o
engine oil. Berrima Diesel recommends Shell Rimula range or Shell Helix Ultra .
& n4 A* o1 |+ Y2 r- F# rChange oil at intervals recommended by the vehicle manufacturer.
5 j3 Y# I$ F0 y* {How long does a turbo last ?: V5 }: L0 H, C$ ^
On average, as long as the engine or longer with regular engine servicing and good
J# U, E: K2 `: s9 gquality engine oil.0 [ y( V% Q/ o; f. Y' i
What is a ‘dump’ valve or ‘blow-off‘ valve ?
1 V) o+ i" w* eA valve which relieves boost-pressure between the compressor outlet and engine as
5 c+ H# n2 z4 C3 Z: Tthe throttle is closed (Only required on throttle valve controlled diesels which are
3 t# h1 F0 v* L6 U: irarely seen these days). These are commonly fitted to hotted up petrol cars so it
9 U) I, X4 v/ P- Wsounds good changing gears among other reasons!
4 [/ O* [' d! o7 SCan I fit a turbo from another 4WD ?
+ K' r1 W8 [. a$ z% z" KNo, virtually all turbocharger are different inside, even if they appear similar on the
4 p! |5 i0 H3 c0 [outside. The turbo model e.g. Mitsubishi TD04, is only the model, not the, K4 l* E2 z7 R3 ~6 t
specification.+ {* l @ M( f
Should I leave my engine ‘ticking over’ before it is turned off ?( ^! j# G% {3 Z- H' D$ A8 b
Not for normal every day driving, but still worthwhile if the engine has been under
7 r2 h+ m! s5 f& r; I% Nload or raced before being turned off. e.g. Towing a caravan or after climbing a long) c3 u- C8 L2 I; B% q1 Y: }/ i1 s
incline.
, r/ r# a' k4 w: e6 U* J5 m. P8 ~+ eWhy is it important to balance a turbocharger ?( m. U' R+ x! a) S
Without highly accurate balancing, vibration will create a whining noise, reduce
$ U+ Q# u/ e& fturbo bearing life and reduce turbo efficiency.7 n" a! k- _" B3 ^1 H& ]3 \- \
How much boost does my turbo produce?( K$ s- T3 F/ W2 [& {; o
Correctly set up diesel 4WD turbochargers run up to between 10 PSI to12 PSI with8 [# M3 l ~: y. r0 R. `5 D
Intercooler turbocharged engines running upwards of 13PSI.
3 l( F% S. j2 O' s5 lHow many psi in one bar ?
+ B; [+ a6 \5 j/ Q: H) F14.7 psi = 1 bar.8 a# v) W& t. A
Are all actuators the same ?
4 j5 N9 G. k6 @6 h2 K4 NNo, each has a different opening pressure and rate.
. f% ]) d% T, ^" k" l" t* |) ]Oil in the turbo inlet pipe - Should I be concerned ?4 F7 o+ K, L/ ?
A small amount of oil usually exists, drawn in from the engine's crankcase breather! q5 G: H6 p1 i/ X6 V8 V
system. High engine wear will increase the amount of oil found, and will require! L) C- u/ W6 C8 L5 N
further engine tests (not turbo).
0 H P" g, @* G0 P8 t. h0 q4 N/ ^! cShould a turbo be serviced ?
4 ~; K7 r5 |' }No specific turbo servicing is required, but regular quality engine servicing is needed
2 ]' f$ u' j5 |7 e, Y7 |) K$ v# bto reduce the chance of turbocharger problems.0 d( K5 |( P8 T4 | [& @( j
What is a water-cooled turbo ?
3 P9 ]; L) Q7 n" V8 w. [% C: }The central part of the turbo, housing the bearings, is surrounded by a water jacket! x0 ?3 X, N7 V. ]: Z
through which the engine's water coolant is passed. This water continues to circulate
6 b/ J3 m! ?+ [ a: R8 _7 Yafter the engine is turned off, cooling the turbo, and preventing heat soak.
. u. e# s" W9 _Do I need to up grade my exhaust ?
1 J' a$ v- q. V, ^" V: N. G1 t% IGenerally not. Our systems are designed to run utilising as much genuine component* T; P5 C4 K2 [/ d, v& R
as possible. Some systems on the market promote exhaust change as it is required by- i( C( q4 c; V' F
that particular turbo. Doing so usually picks up more noise than performance.+ K" M8 ^+ T4 ?, ^$ }0 {) e
How noisy should a turbo be ?# q' j9 U( e) b5 `
Only an unbalanced, worn out or damaged turbo will produce any significant turbo( Z" q) N9 L7 w; M
noise., O8 b' ^2 v( S
What is an intercooler ?
4 M! |! ^8 }, }A special type of radiator which cools air before it enters the engine. As a turbo
' c% a0 m0 W" K4 `# D) }compresses air, the air heats up. Power can be increased if the air entering the engine
6 k6 E( I6 s2 K3 t$ His cooler. The cooler air is more dense meaning that more fuel can be injected for
4 j! d% _* \9 U# m, n6 M) @more power.* B. O/ e5 ?9 U$ D$ [: q
Will my vehicle run ‘cooler’ with an intercooler ?" w4 _0 v- H2 ~
Theoretically, but not always the case! We commonly find Intercooled 4WD vehicles
, a" R. l8 Q( crunning hot due to over-fuelling and radiator restriction. Restriction meaning that hot
9 A4 W: @+ v. e* Uair passes out of the Intercooler over the air conditioning condenser and finally the
) i' h) F/ `" U" r( w+ Hradiator. The poor old radiator is left with scraps of extremely hot air and then is
" p! T* D4 H, A( U5 Y! z0 A+ [7 Dexpected to cool the engine. We don’t advise fitting them as hot Australian conditions C/ @" |1 d U: T) b0 l o% I
can often be the catalyst for engine heat problems.% V# x, k7 B: \ V% \( N
What will happen to my fuel consumption?/ Y% c5 }& m Y" c
More power generally means more fuel. With a diesel turbo system, fuel consumption% ]1 o+ Y8 {6 I8 B
stays generally the same and can become better under towing conditions |
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楼主: 晓风残月
狗仔卡
发表于 2008-7-10 11:10
显身卡
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发表于 2008-7-11 09:19
