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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 ' F/ w% ?+ Q3 J' j
& Z. y" ]/ g& w; Q& n3 shttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688" x+ i, d6 O$ J1 O7 \
: \; R! ^& R7 m% ?6 ^ N$ _( ^2 J7 GJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
) F# U& f0 c/ p/ ^- Q1 `( |: kYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of9 P7 I. n- N) u+ E8 D7 d7 p& P
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
1 D+ u, C" v+ h0 S# ~7 j4 `' m; u7 [
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
+ }1 |) }. M2 C2 U' cFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.3 t" b, k( ]9 I+ H9 }+ ~
1 L5 t l- c# Z5 Q5 Y; |Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .% \9 a, u5 O- y4 a, v
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
' R- k6 d4 q& `3 l) Y0 {Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract$ R0 g/ t$ a. U3 e4 ~
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing) Q0 j: S4 A6 n
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The8 B+ w2 U1 y3 }" ^! e& G) i
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been2 g9 O% U4 F7 q9 X! M$ ?
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
& s8 |0 B9 c$ }0 ~only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
( @ i( I; Q! S' F5 N6 H5 yworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
7 g7 B: L% |8 [) K9 c6 ?to the standardization of the scientific terminology: F) q4 z# x" U* m9 |6 C
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
) G r/ x" j: q8 _5 hscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,6 n" ?4 A4 s$ J' `$ A( W
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
$ i& z, T! R) A$ x" L. e6 Estandardization of the scientific terminology translation8 r0 `9 D/ c+ i1 A
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
! L/ L7 }# Z: l1 A& ?" a6 R) ]" U$ khe established had helped greatly with the popularization
. ]% `0 ~- h( E) V. o) kof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring( W* W5 M }% s5 k" G
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
8 ]3 G$ \4 \8 h- H, R& vfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and. ?4 g$ p0 B8 s& G" B
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a; e7 [! T! U( h. _
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific4 q/ Y+ Z$ y6 p3 N# B
terminology.5 O% X i/ i7 w: g/ i
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
T% ?6 e( Z7 r8 NStandardization of terminology translation
/ {4 \$ N! P% `: Z( P) Z- W+ I9 VYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
2 l* [/ a& {) c1 b2 `Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
9 n: @1 I( K* p+ K H2 C& U0 oChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
# }2 @: \- q4 U; x6 C9 Hfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
@8 [4 K1 Z' ^& \! |DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION
. i3 V. p+ K% B) P! T6 tJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and# d" v5 W, q8 U( X+ R6 [! }% n& g
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
2 b% M2 K) }! N- f0 iDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to; J2 L6 a8 a8 e9 J/ }1 @ w
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
, ^8 }. m( X" g$ {St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed4 ?. d( ?- T/ z1 B$ ]
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as. |% r! f$ I% s; ~; @
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on6 e( L6 q7 B, S4 B4 A
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
9 h* k% E7 k" }8 m9 A1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
+ w* J1 o6 z. y- Qworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,, v2 }3 ?3 T! V2 x4 H2 x+ C
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction., F: k1 Y& v$ z4 O
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
! J# k: X, d% q: xto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
4 ~, S+ s+ W) V, ]" R; M: Uwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,) U) C) j& E+ U! c- L* {
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
$ x* D0 v' V. A C- UFryer translated more than one hundred of Western' x4 _) d3 \' R: E
books that made him the most productive one among the+ O$ v5 L$ o9 M7 G- g8 M7 g
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,) |4 c* F. H) K3 F$ O& y$ F
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
8 n5 `" `+ u' O+ ynoble work which could help accelerate the process of
: L* ^3 M9 ~ h' U* k- O5 M! ^people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
4 l# f, F4 C6 ?( b" MIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
9 X! ^9 \- _6 z/ falso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
, O3 ^) F: l% sscience and the standardization of translated scientific. ~- y+ x' y7 D$ N+ `, p. Y6 h
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
) G; l U$ w6 S9 b3 }" @8 pmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
9 I# c$ Q; O, ?( g' o' |0 R. pestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another0 q% l; ^6 J0 M2 Z; s, M# B! ]
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
4 m% A; {: g. [* c% i4 Vof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in0 _$ \: H: }/ g4 E F/ A
Modern China.
, ^7 k! @3 U, E4 x# }1 |An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
, O' U6 Z) i7 R) TThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of6 c3 C* n' p6 Q I- n0 |, R$ c- S
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing7 H0 x, y2 p) w2 |
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In- h E' U9 l( \' [9 d& L+ n
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and' a2 U( Y8 R% y+ g! W. V- T
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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