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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688* l7 g" P; [: B( M: D8 P b- V( B
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
% l8 M" S, f+ j4 kYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
+ D+ }- A; X) b) Z; r" iFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
( A7 \, o6 ` e) [( |6 X! h/ |% A. n9 \. y; L. T
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of4 S$ T5 r' T i# B, f) z) Y
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.2 ^. y1 K7 z0 H2 Y' E
5 F- G3 W, ^, h. c6 r( g" pSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
) f& K4 ^1 Y- P5 SReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
- B( A, S% c+ G) N% _8 S1 P* qPublished online 26 January 20189 b9 C2 B- N# P
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Abstract0 Z# x/ \$ t: i8 q+ o
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing. M5 f; x: o1 Y$ A: I, L
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
+ P; a, s( |0 A8 u# ]- i. LTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
9 c" I) O" J+ P+ cengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
k5 ]$ b% `* R" r- nonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
% L0 }, m$ q( bworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly# z: M* q; c- I3 L5 Y- B
to the standardization of the scientific terminology% J- @' `; A" y
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
# O0 a' q7 k! z8 s" v; f% j: h0 ] Escientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
5 N" z) m) b }# Rand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
3 c- x% u) |; C _: T* astandardization of the scientific terminology translation
b9 U1 o( A+ min Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien% i& p; g/ O% o; g4 i0 i* \: r
he established had helped greatly with the popularization6 J" o v$ m8 N& r/ l6 J
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring# D7 v4 b2 I1 d% q' m( l
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
2 i3 s% y; c3 N% ^7 F8 @for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and8 v" e! ]* ]8 d/ u$ G% ]- k0 ]
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
9 `$ g1 ^2 y F4 N- }/ Bgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific5 v I+ L, a! c6 e- y1 _
terminology.
5 K% e7 {# F! [& I6 Q% XKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
J9 M$ V# {5 ^. cStandardization of terminology translation5 r1 g/ P+ l; w3 @. s. z
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
) z+ Y* F8 W L4 a9 i, TStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
* N& A9 |3 O8 E" D- jChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available& J- m0 v( b {" ]# X" {$ r
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213& C) `% J3 u" S' E( M8 ~7 s
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION
4 E) k! l0 Y# A) fJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and7 k+ k3 `$ a4 Z6 v7 F/ q1 i
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
6 @; X$ d0 l" b& I. @Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
" @" j7 K5 f5 T# y( V" D+ Y. sHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of8 s5 y: a! \7 }* K, d! ^4 q
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
. F, b M6 Y# k3 A- eby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
9 [0 n/ y; z7 z& M. T3 ?; Han editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on$ P6 x. o5 @* V9 L8 d1 j; H
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
2 `& z7 X+ c0 l4 Q/ b# ?1 s1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific9 x- Q! @6 {) w% D/ d) G2 }
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner, b( N' \# K9 I z8 @& v& f
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
4 U. ?! f0 c/ C+ G1 r5 \Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
9 l r! \( x1 U: K3 m5 |5 J4 d$ \* mto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
- |, V0 [0 J" b0 Q. Twould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese, c% e- b3 x2 Y0 n# j; K
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,6 F5 m) A5 {8 ?& I3 X8 K
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western! E% b C; I b/ e( e
books that made him the most productive one among the! v; s$ w3 b6 [ n; L/ Y7 t
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
" \$ n. u( F# R6 ?7 N/ L0 U; ptranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a+ P- Q% l3 Z$ c3 I* [- k9 Z
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
0 y7 Z+ t1 h0 H ^$ \. Opeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
3 r1 o. q3 E. a; G& m, yIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer& Y. M' V3 M k
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western% `7 o9 G: r+ G/ Y. w7 r
science and the standardization of translated scientific- w# R0 {2 s$ l' Y( i: ^: ~
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
/ S/ J& G- r0 `% ]magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the# ^; Y/ Q% z+ M% S
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
, _2 v4 v; S; B& ~' r2 p% Ccontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series/ J1 s' x# d- S2 m
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
; e4 q( r4 ?9 j5 M: q, D- OModern China.. Z+ K+ w! e x" v/ z( m; Q
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
$ j/ H3 G9 w! Q! GThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of. P. E3 l& L2 S* i' N, @; |
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
# n; f' l2 A# C: M7 ca lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
. O2 I4 y6 u# iJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
$ d R7 W0 z1 Y, X& P. N- f2 }1 cTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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