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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 4 Y$ t' _; b) ~! w A
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688$ l6 h7 g* Y: f# o: c
' Z A6 j# r9 b4 ~# }# h, ^ EJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
4 B# Q; Q2 c9 `# ]: {% d0 ]YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of$ \) `" E1 k8 q* m6 v6 H! O) T9 E
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
* Q: ~# W0 Y' W9 b' V$ R& ~$ h* v3 M8 D9 N
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
% h/ m% U4 P. b& {- |( C6 K SFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.; o2 j. c6 g2 K. c/ I
2 N+ C" |' ]/ O! CSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) ., R# F0 y8 G+ M- q
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
* K! ?: c) ^3 j( f$ I, P- R7 WPublished online 26 January 2018# k, ^" A/ j: Z3 Z) i$ @
8 ]$ c1 m$ P) {! Q& U4 G) b2 W9 O: I- [+ v, S: F6 n
Abstract
" v, \5 v7 D1 B" _John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing: E0 n: ]6 i8 T
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
+ K* G! c5 r" I( @Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been6 P) _6 @% L0 T) ~+ V
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
9 V M `" `+ V& q3 V/ P1 Eonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific( b* H1 T1 K+ c/ K4 y4 D
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly* U, g" X( ]( w' b6 t
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
* [6 E" p6 [9 c5 h6 a9 Vtranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
5 j/ r$ w8 `3 t: oscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
) U n; \. j, zand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
5 `6 T% X" O2 Y7 o! }" fstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
8 ~8 ~" U7 Y0 s* e# r* sin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
2 Z$ ^6 N4 P6 B* y6 Dhe established had helped greatly with the popularization; I& m$ @! `7 N' Z& f: N
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring# W) L# F( ~% V/ T
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
6 C- i# M& p5 ufor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
/ N( F5 e6 o) h! V; P9 pthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
- ~3 [& K! }5 Q' R. N4 ^3 q2 zgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific* m* H& B8 H7 C9 j% p
terminology.
" f' q- |2 [9 |! }; L) u" S6 ^Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;8 w$ t# C/ Z5 U# a. O% \6 ?
Standardization of terminology translation; ?' M" h1 l5 M( f) ]7 n* M
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to: V+ Z' `6 B) A
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern2 D6 e* P( h# U+ s5 U- [" x5 ]
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
! q- R3 t: t# M( D' Y2 ^8 J8 h9 ifrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102132 y; X( a; g4 \* o u
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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( f; j* i: |6 n( h0 Q( _INTRODUCTION; b& L2 g7 Z4 j' s' v5 ^
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
0 |+ I. E/ p, g- \" @/ D" Qa great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).) ~% I. _- z1 s8 ]2 Y) [
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
) ]/ f3 ]: l( U: g$ X1 f5 GHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
+ ?: S* }! e9 `$ sSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed% ?* e. |0 @0 e2 W. w( o' G
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
9 G8 k7 `3 i- g& k) W# M$ Van editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
$ }. v2 r6 A# \* r3 _his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
: H# e1 k+ r, h8 y. S' R- t1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific$ @0 V2 d' h& q7 W/ {: K9 Q; w4 m
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
- H1 G$ P$ F5 n7 m8 s/ ~4 \Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
! V& B! ^1 [ v% c6 T7 P- {Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
$ s7 T; T3 E9 x7 X8 t5 d" N+ pto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant0 t7 H' ]( v/ U" r9 M0 {
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
7 L4 \, o" }& ? V' {4 E* S+ I! Grevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
; O( t0 g8 r& ~' T8 D( KFryer translated more than one hundred of Western
' z& }5 u5 O0 Z: Abooks that made him the most productive one among the
# K+ b1 j7 {& Q7 Z2 G- X6 mforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
2 B1 R' F9 d7 v% a* _* O Ktranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
; U! c% H2 P0 ]* pnoble work which could help accelerate the process of
+ _, s( n& p; }8 qpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
7 z) j3 z5 g5 V7 H& d9 XIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer: O+ M: j) c& Z! D
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western$ W5 g/ Z" I9 g3 G9 @; R
science and the standardization of translated scientific
" N' U. R6 F8 i- Yterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
& F0 S6 j: X! L2 b4 D$ T; t! Vmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the4 o* j+ h0 Q$ y- E& m
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another% R& r& w# z5 J; K3 b) H
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series4 g0 n% r$ Y; p. y4 W4 r
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
5 o( P; R( ]: E5 ^Modern China.6 m- p4 H9 E/ x4 ?7 l9 _
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
! W( n, Q1 Y! z# v7 z5 Z6 M5 o8 YThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of* T6 r7 P6 ?& ^8 v
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing* ? h9 G1 N' g+ c% j. S* n
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
; {5 b% p* E Y7 J4 `John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
; ?& \3 E: b; }. D1 ^Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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