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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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7 q0 s* [; c- D. j9 g6 Shttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688, r/ }1 D( }. s' _0 T/ e3 o
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
5 S0 M' P0 s6 ?5 A3 R" @YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of7 f o; d. o/ H6 c* Z
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of, y- o$ A! H/ z& Q& V% a7 Z- P
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.* }5 F u) g4 t
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .4 N; q! e0 h$ V6 I, [
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
9 R2 k7 [' @' h& M2 EPublished online 26 January 2018
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Abstract
3 }6 c! S! s3 ^- W( s% w# ~John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing' C8 r1 ~9 a1 n: x. I% @) z" V
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
L2 K6 h8 D2 |1 h3 @' w4 {Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been- |; U) m* E7 ~5 `
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
7 }0 w7 I4 u+ H. x7 ^' t3 p7 l" nonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
; `6 H! V3 R/ b2 A& ^& Fworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
0 R% q- f5 N5 M1 F! A( kto the standardization of the scientific terminology
: `! d& A; x" `translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s1 {5 G' m2 z6 T: c; A+ {
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
. y7 G$ f6 b" K* V1 @! dand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
) K r2 t% N* B0 Xstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
+ J2 h% D) k! E- J7 ?" hin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien) W H9 T; }! [4 @2 a
he established had helped greatly with the popularization1 v7 W$ }! a. L1 }) }- x$ a
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring0 A. p8 e3 W+ M3 a! k
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
6 f1 x: m6 X: B7 s3 ~7 v! G7 G& tfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
9 K7 G4 t( L$ ~/ _* o+ ~. Kthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
/ c& L) F" ^7 D% T; {0 G7 Kgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
8 u9 t6 X5 {) _6 v2 b& Zterminology.
5 o2 I8 f2 s, J, {0 [ {Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;2 j& |$ t: _( p! [. V& Z( p
Standardization of terminology translation
4 p6 e( j3 S5 g; {" ^- `/ FYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
* D* `: `" w2 L2 T* [Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern$ H) k4 U2 r* s. {
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available5 |/ @ `3 d3 y5 F6 p: k
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213- `& i6 p, R6 ^2 t \: G5 z% W
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213" c4 H! a. ?& @# i# I1 f* X$ B
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# Q$ T# L. U0 k& J* t- ~5 F: LINTRODUCTION; W9 V7 |1 e0 m& }8 t7 D
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and# z; {: |. B7 s9 D8 z. y2 n6 `
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).5 x2 e& D i* ~2 V- {/ C
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
& i! K2 ?0 `6 ZHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of4 I5 h2 M3 t; C5 F, \! k
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed9 x H5 t; R; T- e J/ x+ y
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as$ i8 f) }& E) Y/ @: a+ L
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on) b0 l# S- F& W2 F
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
/ E8 ]$ ~# }( x1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
$ U/ w- z, l C: S V. [works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
/ s- i- h2 H7 N8 AFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
, v+ k- b1 a6 F* R* {Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated$ c% p1 A' a4 S" n
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
1 h. T' ~4 b, Owould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese, u0 i6 s8 p7 l }% `$ I7 p
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,% k! M! b1 v: K+ f
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
$ j6 b6 p A. u2 i; S( Z8 ?books that made him the most productive one among the7 n% Y. B2 E/ Y( h, p7 O
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
# ]( s. V3 c* A \/ Ttranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
, B( u; T' R/ b' t& B5 H& Inoble work which could help accelerate the process of% B J8 W8 a7 D2 X. T5 v! a; K
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
/ f, \. j" l0 Q. PIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer3 u1 X; K, v, V- H* P% H6 a
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
/ y3 V0 ?$ j2 _9 i$ u0 s! k# uscience and the standardization of translated scientific( ?8 A3 ^! b7 r
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific, M- q% ~/ Q/ O w7 W( V" O, k: n2 @
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
W. h& r3 @+ M. X. qestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another' G' N. m2 _0 ^/ K3 F
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series# f1 O4 c5 W- l6 ]
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
" P h, H) t! u4 z0 B6 T% _4 `/ qModern China.; Y8 e% w/ K! X% O
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published, C4 x" E% ^" r& C
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of) E: @0 v$ F6 q0 a5 J
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing" q7 g1 T6 W+ \+ l- S/ j" s. ^: ]
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In' A+ X3 r) ], C7 d' `
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
& e0 [+ h+ m7 d2 Q7 BTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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