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| 本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 ( [6 @5 j2 u2 @9 y( U 
 6 L0 d0 j" P( O4 \, Q% Thttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688* K8 p+ k& h/ V0 [& Y( ~& ]1 u2 b
 
 . J1 C) z: I2 K" C; fJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
 9 U' h! x( {8 P( y/ M3 \& ]YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of: _1 k. h4 s/ Z5 j3 [* M4 \
 Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
 9 C1 e3 K: t! e5 y' y9 k8 g2 V: t! \; l0 p: O9 D) W% d
 LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of+ d6 l# P2 i# [' f. ]
 Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
 3 t/ u! C% H2 W& J. _9 s& R: d* \3 [7 l9 [7 t2 u6 l/ ]
 Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .& D0 N: c# _  k9 N- f, U2 v, N
 Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20187 H* D+ `* q; q% J
 Published online 26 January 2018
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 $ {" f$ g1 G% rAbstract3 A# h2 a5 t  d% m2 d
 John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing% x* t' q$ `/ b  d7 G
 Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The" t2 _* M1 E/ J8 c' H3 t
 Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been  n7 s& y4 W  u- s+ V/ e
 engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
 5 _7 N6 r! x% j; }only having translated a great deal of Western scientific! J  y7 x+ |, _: D
 works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
 % ^% ^# Y: F8 A  m$ K- c4 ~6 d; Lto the standardization of the scientific terminology1 I9 d$ U3 M8 y9 h- t% c4 N% x
 translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
 $ J7 W, L% v% n9 n; ^scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,  G/ o- Q4 A( e1 n
 and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
 # j  X# {# u: [2 V2 Ystandardization of the scientific terminology translation( J) G2 b9 f; N/ d3 n& A6 [1 n
 in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
 3 m! Q3 I5 O1 z4 _( Hhe established had helped greatly with the popularization
 # v- [( ]! D# G0 q1 jof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring$ X9 h5 o( q3 D# N& |" U- o
 the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
 : y4 F' o) A# n: C/ [& D; m& ]for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and3 `, [2 a+ t0 v( f6 E1 e4 ~+ a
 that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a, N$ q! M! p& K2 R% @" d1 A! F8 c1 `
 great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific; I; b( x/ E5 P, T
 terminology.
 4 y4 c2 o/ d) ^2 i4 x$ XKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
 ) a3 f5 s  l6 `Standardization of terminology translation
 + P) [0 f  d  f5 Z& ^0 D' tYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
 # L) u. A" J( M5 [- RStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
 ; m. T9 I$ I5 k- i( _China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
 & q8 v: f7 J9 |) ufrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213" |; M6 L- K0 _' c6 u' l
 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
 " D. b5 R0 [# H) ^& [+ y
 " U; _: o7 s! U7 m( m( T6 j+ F/ w8 T
 INTRODUCTION
 : j5 I8 {8 q, Q% `( rJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
 " |( s0 e4 a0 I: F/ pa great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).* U- G' x& p1 [0 i
 Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to4 K  ^. a! Z( C1 [8 u$ r
 Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of8 f) F+ K2 d& z: W
 St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed( U4 }* I% ]( Y+ A, [1 ]
 by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as4 k& y: Y) W0 r# D4 n
 an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
 9 m. P. d0 a, o2 `6 Q' R( Qhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
 / P( p6 Y) W0 Q1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
 + r% p& r& C  ^/ v& x" M- ]works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,2 N( b; E% @) b0 O
 Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
 + c5 z- E" q+ PNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
 * R, @& Z6 G8 z# L& Ito him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant( I% O* [7 ^; u* I' t  _  v
 would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
 + y; p' T3 b$ ?2 I! erevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
 7 ^8 x, E! j: s* kFryer translated more than one hundred of Western' \& a! Y7 O0 p# ]) d- L
 books that made him the most productive one among the" y: s4 ]! g& m& n5 b! }% _) J
 foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,! S+ s7 x; [- e# o) }% Q' N5 x% ~
 translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
 2 a5 b- d5 V2 e* unoble work which could help accelerate the process of' X' a: m/ }, ]. |' f
 people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83)., I5 u* G' U6 v) ^; J9 {! r
 In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
 ' L% G/ b6 L- Salso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western2 X# y% F3 j2 x) e6 A. X+ B
 science and the standardization of translated scientific
 K6 s6 |$ Q( C+ L. _terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
 6 |- b% c, `9 X6 S8 smagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the: D: R( E& _6 I
 establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
 * j) c  h) B  B- W. d7 o  Pcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
 ( ]: n' j! J: b( {; l0 Iof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
 / O2 L7 y) _" ~Modern China.8 A. M( a! N0 k6 ~) n. @7 p
 An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
 ) Y$ C& f3 r: W1 IThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of! M7 t0 X' x5 P( t
 travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing1 q" A4 R9 _* l! f
 a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In' S; m& z3 d6 q( V& b6 K4 A' y& v
 John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and1 e/ m- w+ z( @* d2 a" u! k
 Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another
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