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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 " e# g8 O$ N7 T- j# C
: R) A ~% C) U* l# M6 b1 R( nhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
% F+ v! P6 V; gYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of" g% c+ q; K* S+ z. b+ m7 N+ P
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China. k( d8 @4 l! e6 j/ n( ]
1 g; ^" T4 E0 B( t/ J& @6 m3 s% fLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of# c5 M# X9 W; D4 x! D$ y% [5 ]
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .5 z6 X, F- z' f0 t7 M- t
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
5 E; G. D' W' m+ T& N3 b7 i) QPublished online 26 January 2018
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6 r" @+ D5 ^) Q" l: `Abstract- P @/ A: ^1 ~1 C* ~ |3 w9 P
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing' V y/ e+ G& R, d6 l
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
4 t+ ?) n4 b3 |% ]Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
% i9 i9 w" K& n; i5 F0 I0 }engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
$ V) j) O/ R c& H- bonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
. D; G8 Q% M/ `0 h$ U0 G5 hworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
& [$ \7 r9 S. Y) C) T) `- Jto the standardization of the scientific terminology
( s- @8 U& K N6 g+ ktranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
; r/ M1 K9 L+ h- {$ Oscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,% X3 s0 Q( `2 r) y; t/ I! K
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
" j, F8 h# v0 I( G8 o( j p& Xstandardization of the scientific terminology translation# B& B2 \- B3 t# E& D2 |
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
/ @6 |5 d8 ]" j0 J6 c4 Q; ahe established had helped greatly with the popularization
7 d3 A7 y4 J8 c" W9 N4 jof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
0 l, V2 k) y9 T& T" g; F7 S5 zthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way- h7 C. `% m z* _& a
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
. C) `5 E9 T$ O; `& Z' dthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a% K7 l+ \4 [" Q3 L5 e! L8 A
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
1 j9 N2 s) |! d5 X/ Z7 I `terminology.
1 @" Q6 {; N1 p* Q. A7 K9 K3 pKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
- p8 J# q- z* B7 EStandardization of terminology translation5 D( y* K4 ]+ [! G! \
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to4 K5 X- l u8 }' e
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
+ m. s2 m. H# X3 AChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
1 O- A% I, Q2 \, ^9 b& R& Tfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
2 V% Q/ c. n" M- gDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102130 d8 J# O+ K; b$ g3 ]) b* \
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) S* x6 ]6 C6 }6 C" @4 rINTRODUCTION
) s3 g) L1 J; FJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and; Q8 x8 h3 s# O; }+ |' D9 J: v
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).7 V' H" }! X1 ]2 g" u3 o' q
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
$ u; ~4 E4 n& u' C# u6 F( qHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
' E7 Y' X. t, r1 `- c3 o( c' n" Q: eSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
# O& M- {0 c& B H0 _by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
6 l8 v2 a2 r! {5 nan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on; D& T f4 a, H9 }6 _% A& n
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818- o ~4 ^8 T% H4 z6 G. u
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific- l3 L7 z+ R/ A/ }
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,7 ?- o9 y' X/ _1 |
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.3 S% e* \3 S9 E, F
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated7 q4 X( a/ J, O* I( n7 i
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant& B- U6 I# m2 R8 R7 q# O% v
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,- R( [! h& G. q$ A
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,. m0 L/ h' s" h8 w
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western. ~9 Z- d: V# {4 [6 [
books that made him the most productive one among the
I- R( e% z: \% y$ \8 @2 Iforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
' t7 a$ \: Z* e1 M Itranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
& \5 o, [% v8 d/ f# ^noble work which could help accelerate the process of$ `, K) W- ^" @0 F3 i5 x
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
0 |0 G' Y& _! _5 T- ~In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
; g d8 q; g- ?7 yalso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western6 Y- k8 e: y7 F, ]5 m& C/ y
science and the standardization of translated scientific0 m6 s- a) u0 K+ ^, | [
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
4 v+ ?2 ]# f1 }7 smagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the( M0 S3 T. b' D: j; d) W
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
, B) Y3 u1 j0 W9 ccontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series, K0 i' ]* `$ s
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in+ o& v- L9 x: ?& V, K
Modern China.
: F g9 Z1 \# ~An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
' ` K; H7 j. J: t) u6 Q- OThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of& L7 w7 I& ]% Y) t6 x( ^" o8 R
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing5 L1 F1 `, m; ^3 u
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
R6 m/ l' G/ W! i3 B/ oJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
5 M( u0 n6 z z# e! ETechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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