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How to figure a home's fundamental value
' @! `/ K; B W6 E- N q, [5 v7 }: uLeamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.5 j# N" ^" C( I4 }5 Z* E% o
3 L `: v: i$ [3 mNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed." A% i. G2 x. _1 A) b) E5 |: k
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Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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+ {, N& h& U3 O& w& n$ O$ qTo calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:9 [2 I; U0 x0 m' M: n1 k3 O! ^% c1 l9 k
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0 [/ B- _! U! IIn Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.+ l" f: b7 F$ \; ^+ d8 m
2 k3 \+ Y, {7 p; E$ BSan Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.; q/ u3 k7 i1 p- N# L6 X8 f1 f
San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
6 N: k) S6 m# a3 [# oNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
( ~. ?; v9 M& k- U, ?; _6 oYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
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If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas 4 |6 x6 `/ D4 [! ~ C3 v9 u! V
Avg. 1988-2000 2001 " R; I. P9 U2 U
Boston 20.5 30.2
* x" M$ Q4 c! y9 v1 Q; GSan Diego 22.8 29.7
4 ^5 B+ r6 P3 uSan Francisco 23.8 27.2
4 }7 }4 ?9 g# I. a2 U& x! C1 oLos Angeles 21.3 25.6
/ |& o0 a% \+ I5 B$ cSeattle 20.4 25 % I+ o/ J1 r# D0 L! k' n
Denver 17.7 23.7
7 X! ~" x7 Q5 bNew York 21.2 22.5
$ [1 b' [5 h0 b8 Z, a4 f# vChicago 17.2 20.8
2 p5 }1 _. ?* a% I: A3 l- @Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.# F- z* }, H% T
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From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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