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谈英语俚语, {7 a8 I( n/ D, Y- [/ y/ ^
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" A" R# h6 S3 F) i0 y: E! J2 H0 q在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
/ Q, Q7 c4 q$ s- d7 D" A4 h之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
+ h8 D7 X, N# F/ p4 [若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!2 H0 R M% z* l* i' Z/ {. m
& t% Y) [. G- S( R; l& ^. r/ {(1) empty suit:
/ K K$ l5 b4 B1 p0 i6 J3 y5 j( y: F指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
0 J9 s9 ?( a) j. r(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
5 k: C$ t0 l% I |. B1 `! f例如:) ?* ~- ]; K0 y @6 P# j( M
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.5 w8 Z3 T- M8 q* v# ]
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)! S8 s% s. ?) i! A9 N! E) K% ^% J
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.# `/ v: q" S- w/ i- L1 e
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)2 U& A( d1 l& V1 B6 B$ I
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:3 x; E7 o' W+ A
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.! Y# [* d; W. C7 R! L
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)# N( Q; T! I" Q* _( @: ~
(2) fair-haired boy:+ j4 N ^2 }' R! t3 l9 y
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
+ s2 a }/ }' `9 q(通常用单数,当名词用)% B% A+ I! e% t2 |+ N' @
例如:! L; n3 i+ j& i Z
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.! v& V: p5 B& }' y E4 K
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)' b6 l, i+ ]' I2 S; s( v
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
) B; F+ w5 u, y(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)6 o# h3 y8 @7 q/ x2 m% n
有时也可用复数:
, P$ @) [- P* ?4 @: X1 ?: D( Y) h+ VMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.7 M& O4 m7 i3 q% P' K% l; M! o5 S; v
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。): u/ t5 D7 B$ T1 t: G" M6 |- S( F
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.. b I( D, V% G5 M; Y$ \2 v9 s
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
4 C' i- L; z& U% B8 n4 W" W& I(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)8 @( d. f% e5 r/ w" Z6 C$ J
(3) fishing expedition:3 e2 M, Q9 N( F' w# O
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)* }( T. | P3 s$ \* q! |, v
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
0 A4 T' V9 s, J8 c* G$ }6 E; b例如:
; U. u% @* t% _3 d' s9 F9 F: |The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.$ x/ q' s) H7 X, t( ^+ r7 t, E) X! b: u
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
6 K& h& g! s1 K0 S1 s1 x m* ~The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
& t7 J1 O0 k0 E8 ?(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
/ r* O; }, s8 k% _(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict). t- v; Q( f0 D& k( W' t
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.+ x1 n' B4 W. V4 u) B. V" S
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)% B0 Z& ^# _6 b# d
偶尔也有人用复数:
4 \: \( ?1 ^6 \# }( ]Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.: B- n$ t+ t8 A- S
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
; i" c7 q/ [0 k9 h5 J x& O% J(4) filthy rich:
: R% t' Y+ g' W# e意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)) w% k( r6 o! V! k) i; x7 X
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)2 z& e' o* e* M! i, x
多半当形容词用。例如:
/ |% v) X# i; r% A6 Q! J+ \: V" h XWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich." t {. u" X) S3 i
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
$ r" [# D, o% e6 `. Q; }! hDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.* b+ g5 |5 T4 T/ Q
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
0 t+ \( ]6 {7 w/ ^: jA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.1 P, E0 C7 v2 k/ k! ?
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)/ j, ]4 v9 w8 S7 s; ~$ n
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
* a$ P, u# _8 U% Q0 K2 t(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)) O% Z7 c- h) O3 Y& J
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
& w6 d( C6 m. _7 O3 p1 q! Y Q- _(5) fairy godmother:* [, b- F4 [; o5 i8 v9 o
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
. Z* x* W& S1 C7 P8 r& U. `# ~- t(多半指有钱的女人)
4 e4 s' X1 h8 @(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:0 L; F* l3 p- K+ T% `
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.# y) H- m3 e0 F# s$ c
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
9 r# t+ E& Q- z3 jAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
! C' }, G# u, H2 k(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)6 @& z+ \7 p5 m6 @8 `
有时也用复数: L; J0 l- P W3 v! \$ |
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
6 V3 |3 |- ^, H$ G0 h/ ?(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
% \" o6 u: K+ X( \0 ~' OIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
$ V) |5 a' W" `: }: |+ B(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)( Q2 I7 L3 o; E- |# }5 h, @. X* n; Q% H
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; A+ z% e) T A- ]6)eye opener:
) r% \* @; V/ Y$ L; X: s8 I指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
6 [) A% ^ `+ e$ _1 T(当名词用;通常只用单数)
% l: x) c* ^6 d+ g) Q% d例如:
( M/ R' b! x3 bYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.5 N2 N1 X1 y8 L8 d5 M( A* T
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
6 y0 j$ M# m: N$ Q2 v( S2 { I- iMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
7 v+ H" E3 V2 L(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)6 W( D$ Z& e+ T. c& g& s
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.7 c# q1 M1 e! A) G
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
! y) v9 y+ p' i! l7 D! c& LSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
3 W. b H( \$ _+ T2 a9 x6 X(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
- p* A: u) V u8 p) q(7) hot dog:
: d( V! t/ w- t! C指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
8 L# ~* F1 L* |; K) C+ ~2 G7 P0 d例如:
' Q4 Z3 w. ~; b/ `' ]Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
7 ]+ x) l# L( O1 O) v9 E, _(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)* c4 {* e! F* l% ]+ x3 J& s, B" O
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
& q$ ]; z6 B9 d8 \0 i: i: NIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.. _& {3 f5 j T
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
0 E5 \8 `, ]( w7 a: l(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
2 ?" d- M. k8 a! nDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
- |+ C+ ^9 G |( O2 o(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。), t. v8 v* G7 i1 B& y
也指真正的热狗食物:& y: U- O7 S, ^* I% W; @9 N" M4 r
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
+ Q) z3 b; d3 W$ R6 E4 @* `(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
2 B/ B. F# N+ E9 l c也可表达欣赏的心情:5 {; g* O; x2 Z
Hot dog ! What great news for me." l) S1 a+ f: G7 H/ X
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。); H1 ^; i; s" {/ f$ r* o/ A1 S
(8)eager beaver:/ `9 Q `( g0 ]3 }- }) X
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)% q2 b# G& ^. }/ D8 B* }
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。). [9 R; V& V3 [9 Q% U
(当名词用,可指男女)
$ E; x% y4 L( t* t' ]/ r例如:: |9 f# s- K, W4 O
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
( \$ V6 z/ e& U& P5 } A# @7 ?(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
* W! Q6 ?& m u7 V) ]Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.$ B7 G, X' i7 [5 [
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。), I" W; R+ N% o0 P/ Y+ `+ m+ K9 w
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?% F7 A" Q$ n- k* K
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
% n: }$ s* s1 B$ hYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations. o5 E0 _0 p3 [' z" n$ @6 [
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
; f9 z$ D# W n! p% S4 Z4 c(9)doubting Thomas:
, \+ z7 E1 f9 A+ ~4 x$ V这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
8 ^% C1 R6 c' O/ P. b(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)& F3 H( ^4 y% H# B0 t: J) W9 x! z
(当名词用)6 F) `8 q8 Z2 n
例如:2 A7 h- x' _0 [! k9 e% \
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
+ M3 p; R K6 ~' S4 w7 u/ q% ?(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
2 [3 t/ f) ?% j" P$ V+ mThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
# ]1 ^2 a$ s# x) d. h(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)% G* U" E; ]+ e
也可用复数:
: q/ V' D) {% A+ c- g( RMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
* L+ D1 L [. Q) F$ T' X u(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
0 W/ T% h- R, }! P* B. Q: V% ?If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
7 D2 _, W1 B( N) E; A8 f(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)! [5 v6 [* r+ R7 B7 c
(10)dragon lady:. A5 V: F/ O0 A8 f, H( N% B1 h; s
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
7 J) Z/ d+ M) b: h+ F例如:
# V0 S; q E+ w; f! qThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
0 z3 r6 X7 Q: n2 ]9 C- z(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。); f6 G6 ?* s- I- h5 Q! s( X
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
" l- x8 b n! B5 A2 k(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
3 X: b! ?2 R' H! C$ s, kShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?. J, N3 ?, L4 s/ @
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
, A" P2 h* K# n9 S也可用复数:! h) S8 v d# f% C( g8 Y
There may be many dragon ladies in our community./ C# t4 L* }3 e. H+ _4 g
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
! b* Q, r/ u. o. ~+ n2 `, s注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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