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谈英语俚语- O7 D" l$ A! i( |' j+ L8 R! Y
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! D/ q# O' f, u- g% M% K3 T在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯6 ^" n3 Y% L; i j( o" I9 T3 G
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。. h7 v8 w) n4 y0 N6 l
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!8 T* V: b: Z; b: ?$ Q, e& L+ J
. o# w7 S6 j. p4 x; ^3 V(1) empty suit:
5 S" R& A& ^+ z" Q指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
' D+ P) }. l @. P, s7 R; R(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
# h3 U0 N$ T) C( T; {: ~例如:: K6 R$ ~9 D# x, S
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public. d) \8 k; v) {+ P. ` c
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
# j( W2 D/ A0 \/ w8 r. W" V0 `Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.' i+ \' r6 I( o' T! A; o2 b$ Q8 p
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)1 c/ g% |1 {+ o7 a1 Z
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:" ^' Q% {2 L" x; F
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits. s8 B: g7 K+ s2 Z# L
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
6 c L! L3 Q5 I! h M(2) fair-haired boy:" M0 ~! h0 m) }, ~
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
* X/ e1 Q1 j0 I7 Q(通常用单数,当名词用)/ b; g3 B, B, ^! G" K
例如:% t- `: i- r. w
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
) t8 W9 D8 M/ g8 I! \: I" O( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
8 Z9 u2 p/ f) O$ `Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
, F8 G) s$ ?" A* c$ u9 \9 M' V(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
. J) |( T* _% Z5 E有时也可用复数:
! C4 }7 W3 h& O$ e# w) Y% D( [( xMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet., w9 h6 x% q0 T# Q
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
y8 }' B1 z7 H" P# [' @7 ]Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.: M3 \9 B7 `9 L: B; B
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
, k5 A/ b; u8 B# l& Q(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)2 P g" m' }+ @* Z* v; k7 ]
(3) fishing expedition:4 @) q$ Y0 |; J5 p2 Z
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
1 L& b" [ m2 W, o4 w* w(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
6 c: z ^, r2 G# O" p* O9 O例如:* |& \/ K& [3 _. J, b
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.9 s* W. O% R9 A7 A) \% h1 l
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)7 t* J7 }5 G' h3 @' |# x! k
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
9 E3 w" `, T+ h) t2 j; Q9 i% h1 Q(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
" V: C" V2 K6 J0 K9 @% b: e/ \(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)$ N/ X0 ?' I6 f; l: H! W. c
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
9 _, @" h( I5 F9 f- Y2 I(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)1 i: `" w& A$ M' o/ A9 m* L
偶尔也有人用复数:( H5 \. m0 E. ^4 s
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
3 M) E) b. H& p! J8 m' S/ U$ N5 [! k/ C(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)6 e4 o/ V+ V1 M( u; a
(4) filthy rich:
! t9 }5 ~+ ~: Z( S" r意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)2 f& U* [. [6 B% W$ j
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)4 @7 `6 @: k1 q: |! s! M
多半当形容词用。例如:4 V) O# X( e+ S/ k) n7 I, t B
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
+ `" d, C: N2 U" ?2 K/ e( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)" X7 ^2 v+ y* S- O6 O
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
' S( [2 b* J0 Z8 R(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
; E* L' x: F" p! v6 X! z. A9 eA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
( m! A1 D4 d0 W8 |$ V9 @(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
! a7 \ U" n! B: V: HFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.5 o: g( q: }. i# R" w! v5 B
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
5 i6 E2 k+ P1 D0 q( c s) b0 {' I(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
" ]; ]. P9 Q% ]) u; N, N& W5 r(5) fairy godmother:
0 J6 o2 n! L4 M. {指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
3 \2 m+ W# { n" d+ I4 t0 _* x(多半指有钱的女人)6 g+ w9 C3 I. ~
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:9 K J: |1 e+ x/ R
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
5 c; `2 y! I& R* w& d3 J(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)0 I* j! I# Y# y2 ~! j" k" h
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
9 q4 t' J S1 e8 p# U(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
" X! t9 a6 B1 M有时也用复数:
* |- j/ r e6 i9 v0 W4 AOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
) P) z8 P1 J2 ~0 S% }: F. j9 o B(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
# F @- E7 D; L! Z. J! l1 Y* T; UIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.4 ~. _- @$ v( j2 F- u
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)# O7 I: l) F2 E K
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7 Z( N5 J0 E6 t) X% |6)eye opener:: K' I: c9 Z* B) M* Q) d- F0 R
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)- v& E! p; `' k7 D3 W" f8 b
(当名词用;通常只用单数)$ Z, h8 A$ F5 x9 \
例如:
0 ^# H: [" C6 R+ N9 TYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.3 t' o* i7 o" x2 k0 S1 e
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。), @0 H0 p- u. c) u; A
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.; k7 Q/ w. f# B Z( b. K
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
A! q# z# u6 {/ Y$ X4 o1 I; ~5 }The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
: W/ f% C3 A' Z1 {(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
7 b& l2 ], N( }) D! USome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
; X8 @. v2 Z2 n! @& ?3 J(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)( J2 ^& Z6 g! \, {. X3 O! R( y7 O
(7) hot dog:
. @% O7 i. y- A W9 W6 n+ x指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
: S. p( c0 H: F# \例如:+ u$ x6 f# L0 J% d
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.2 [% c; s {; u3 d! r
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
9 M! h( ~3 h8 f' G( `(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)2 I& Q8 h6 U! p, V( J- R
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.: \8 ^6 Z6 @! N% x$ @. U
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
; m! O% E. a! W' A9 }) y(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging); p0 ?) u& i: J) n4 G& A0 E
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.: I% C$ f+ x g8 Q. `' w
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
& { y/ L$ ], E% W% h也指真正的热狗食物:$ ~: ^! B* |2 f- ?) T$ X
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.( r; r' n* M z1 x; z1 r5 I
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
/ g) S" J \& t. S" {; H也可表达欣赏的心情:, {, N0 T. y$ n5 R1 h
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
1 I! j0 f& w2 s# T1 i(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
0 n- O, R" w g6 x(8)eager beaver:
' r; e' t' J5 e3 l( f5 `' z/ X' D指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others): \) t& j* T( k: Q- p9 R
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)) j4 e3 V' |. e
(当名词用,可指男女)" @4 I5 ^* G' m/ `
例如:" f% k) ~+ P( A, a6 P3 a
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late. x( j% X) M6 U1 Y5 X- s4 u
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)6 J: F$ [+ W* E0 y, _5 s- C9 l9 @7 F
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.; c. q% T9 o5 E0 x* s
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
K8 j8 a* A8 A$ x9 x" l& `/ J2 }# ~Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?& N5 }; Z" K2 j6 G; ?. m! k
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
7 p& c' b& t. |1 iYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.$ P9 i) }* N, j: E+ `* L* K
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)" o' x5 A! }7 G9 |( r( N4 u
(9)doubting Thomas:
/ @6 A* X# v8 |1 y! L这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
; L& ^- _) g# |3 T" U( F(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
& d$ c. o2 q- V# @7 N/ L(当名词用)! q9 V6 N1 T$ I% j
例如:) k4 _5 s9 M0 P3 r! |+ H
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
1 _9 O1 ]3 f8 I(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)/ c8 A6 p" a& q2 h1 b
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas." G& I P0 C T* B1 {! {5 _
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
5 U+ ^) {. g% X5 ?- q+ F也可用复数:
5 ?- U# u, `5 o# J& I& c8 JMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
( n! X. ?1 L4 _+ k- n4 e# Z. A( [(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)3 m6 L6 r1 F3 o3 M5 v2 u h' T& O# w
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.1 X. g6 V" |; _' W2 n. x6 t& U8 m
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
4 H3 ~$ O6 r! {; u( B3 _6 o(10)dragon lady:
- j ^6 `* `* } m指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
1 [9 G, ^9 \/ [3 k# z5 W% D例如:7 D4 U1 b; c: c7 {, k: r/ {
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
; B1 ?/ ^8 f. [, j2 |4 B7 l* l7 O(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
, w g8 _* I+ e9 DI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.# b. j5 U" V& _5 H$ c4 y& S
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
( w% p' l3 F, P" E3 G, W bShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
$ s5 ~! Y2 B& q9 V(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
, F$ `. c/ c6 a; Y, H也可用复数:' Y X4 [. K6 G% a- _
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
6 E" I/ I3 }- D f2 S* b. X(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)+ z3 |* r9 e+ A7 ^( ^- }' ]
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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