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谈英语俚语+ h4 H [6 b+ _: H0 O7 m' S
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯: t/ w4 F9 z8 h; Q$ V# u( n
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
3 d/ m, ^6 r9 I5 r5 D* V1 S6 T若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!9 T7 O4 p, h: c$ Z2 ^
2 D3 n+ p6 T7 d9 F8 ^6 y( d# N(1) empty suit:( d+ O M7 ]/ L
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
6 S |, x: E s# b/ z(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)3 w& q" h3 v0 R+ ?8 [5 N
例如:
: c" f% W7 n& Q" w: T6 H/ I5 }An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
1 {2 }% A& p# ]" A0 V8 A' d(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)5 |$ Q" Y* K: i5 d# J6 r) \4 { W
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
Y! T3 Z8 Z8 @(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
6 |9 b0 [. l3 a虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
; N; P+ t! l: H4 qThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
8 X, C m! @. o(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
5 k( e9 `! Y) b' |(2) fair-haired boy:
& }5 ?- x& P/ W# Y% x7 h7 S指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)8 m% u' t( X: P+ m+ J
(通常用单数,当名词用)
7 R6 {4 i# M9 z. [例如:
* x0 o4 Q8 Z* A r) h+ @1 [( xMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
, f9 L# @+ ~! E( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)7 h$ r: {* f' H: F# I
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
, d6 R, p7 r1 o(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)5 q; X4 \+ K; P% f g7 W1 V/ U0 ^/ T
有时也可用复数:, Z; v: d! j9 l, P
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
- R; p1 t" O: D; R8 n(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
& \" ]5 c7 B8 A) n1 r: |$ R* H0 ?Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
, R% N$ |: D4 W) z(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
1 j5 |* w H4 j7 r" y j( C(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法): M( F2 \$ v* C' H
(3) fishing expedition:! I5 a$ I* ^$ A' d
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
; T/ F( ?% B( u3 L3 Z) ~/ S% D* z(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)- s0 U. y/ ], B( N: B: B' W+ _
例如:- W5 \' B/ S( b( U
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.. K+ A" S# i4 ^3 s' p( ^
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
# h! s% @& H" N, iThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
7 g1 e( j3 A! c& b" s* l(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。); A1 U9 c* p' f) g
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
+ n, t! l2 {7 [9 y+ b& cThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.+ y9 h, o' k+ S7 e- m
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)2 y- ?( i A' J- h' O6 y
偶尔也有人用复数:$ ~) w( B% H9 k, V! y0 G$ r
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
4 c9 i8 y; j/ {" x2 h1 ](在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
, f& I9 c7 s5 o: i+ r+ R9 G/ _(4) filthy rich:0 W* e$ N; m w8 x0 Q9 z. I
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
+ o2 P3 D8 {" }- X/ E& u(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
- P# ]9 X. G; n9 Y7 y" `0 s多半当形容词用。例如:
8 f( S: I+ s2 q: e1 \With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.5 N, h) H% O( ?* b8 D5 D
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)# `2 [0 a. s* c: d. T, S
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.. O. A8 I! S6 W2 |
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)" J. J+ O; H, p( x
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
* s7 A; W, H8 I) F; y& P, J(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
7 L3 Q+ w7 }$ J! qFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.! [* e; I; ^4 X$ b9 z* T! f; F
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
, W2 V% |$ l; _5 {. g, N! B' A(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
0 H2 T9 H3 ^9 ]* T7 V2 O(5) fairy godmother:
7 \" }$ {2 F; D a/ ]6 n指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)& B& V& C& j, P# j& |+ | n3 a
(多半指有钱的女人)
4 P1 J6 v, b. a7 a: v. d, ](这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:4 v- b7 {4 j0 {6 F+ l$ ?4 U
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.2 P3 ?' S/ I; y* B
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)9 h H7 G8 f h9 |
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.. l. t. M: G4 k& ~2 i4 q) ~7 b. g
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
# h1 i& i/ ^: j) u7 A& ?: {0 W" u有时也用复数:6 g- s8 S' I2 Z# M5 y5 K
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.5 A$ R9 V9 b. P, }$ H* R
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)8 a! a& e' L; ?. H8 p
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.6 b& g6 h; ]% \3 D; R* `
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener:' T4 v. S1 u/ I! x! [, e
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
2 a5 n8 m/ w% C4 }; d- f(当名词用;通常只用单数)7 d' K0 b, Y, U
例如:( p) w; i/ ~& u2 A" v0 I
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.3 m/ {7 Z1 o0 C( U
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)% D2 V2 C0 T6 S9 I2 {4 q9 U( P
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.1 i7 ]4 U! Y* Z) ^2 y$ `. m
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)$ ~4 D9 {) C. M* Z3 ]
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants./ ~" H# N" v/ c5 j9 t, u* h1 G
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)2 v, z3 O, s' ] n/ f) W: D
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.9 {4 a" e; R+ h9 k5 ]3 p
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
Q! x; D. r* l, K1 g! _# s(7) hot dog:3 e( u! r! G, e3 x! y# H' x
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
/ I2 K* e# j4 F3 o1 E7 i8 R7 C1 v例如:
- V V4 s& s* B# rSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
# w' K1 V! w+ L- d. U( J(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。): }! t4 J& L* o, s
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
% ~9 p. W# f; O( U" T% j4 oIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.8 t, H/ k1 N6 @. o
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
& ^5 g9 t% w" m# N(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
9 A) F/ b& ?9 h7 b' UDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
) y8 l4 \9 q1 o1 \ j( U(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)8 v- c* j5 o1 A: u& j/ R6 k
也指真正的热狗食物:8 f( U6 H, T X3 j+ E4 k* W
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
' C! V! @+ w; |, h) D# o& x3 h(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)8 c: `- m$ e; n! }+ \/ i
也可表达欣赏的心情:
, h/ r/ A, J+ ?3 g/ N2 _Hot dog ! What great news for me.+ d$ x/ @% t* ]( v
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)8 W6 I: }4 a/ y! ^5 f. d
(8)eager beaver:: ?1 O o3 \( l! C: N7 K1 X
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)2 ?; g" k, V( A6 V( J K
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
0 S5 F" \/ `$ {9 g, X9 u: v(当名词用,可指男女)' R6 _' L; S. S/ T
例如:
2 S- J1 c& ~# ?( cJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
2 ?% K) _0 `4 W; p* U(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。) }$ f/ K7 [) Z! m
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
; M# p6 }7 `+ u' W(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
5 s9 ^* A: ~' z2 t3 L' yDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?1 g. f: I0 c- O" m7 ~3 Y( P
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)( s r5 E5 z6 B% {& ]
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.- p/ Z( g$ E: ~! A7 Z
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
0 \1 S) T/ J' X4 ?& U; R* y; }( y: l(9)doubting Thomas:# [6 J$ i! s3 i4 l( {7 R0 A
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)6 P, a6 h) Z- k/ w
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)# l O8 [/ m T" ]. j. W) ^
(当名词用)
" T% r: U( @( d% t# X7 f例如:8 W! i4 ]) S+ l
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.( z/ s z5 V/ Y- W, K& q
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)6 o3 f8 g" p% W# a& Y' F
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
8 Y( E4 X9 x0 \(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)1 J0 g* X4 `6 ~5 z" }3 |0 Q
也可用复数:
$ i7 S8 X9 q. Z6 AMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.) Q! ?- e* z) o; M* R5 L: c
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
: v/ g. B9 l5 x' ~6 M Y4 S# ]2 D# @$ _If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.. P1 B, @0 G. n4 p* v
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
" P1 E2 Q' D, l(10)dragon lady:8 {' q# G8 j) @& _& V$ {
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)0 B$ f% n) n- b/ ]5 |6 K
例如:
$ c7 x6 I/ `2 W9 j7 sThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
% p8 b2 C4 E/ F0 R; M4 \- j3 p/ u(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
) b0 V1 @ P, _5 y+ R3 f* ?7 OI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
0 x; r3 `$ k- y9 R' @* o5 d(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
2 z: t5 b ]! J' S3 F; u8 OShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
7 a+ j9 i: ]) B: a(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
3 ]8 V0 _# w( i' h7 K7 O也可用复数:
/ h( l. T# G. A, _" q5 dThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.& l, l0 S" |" y; w5 Z0 a, Q, n6 {" B
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。). C$ F8 v: y' H0 p% s9 K
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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