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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
  U8 F4 ]* w! `% H6 E1 R; e4 a6 m# L$ `6 m/ X

2 W- ^; V+ {4 a8 X$ b/ `; y# b在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯# S" O. Q& B3 @; ~( D
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
- L4 _$ r/ M. f& S; K: A% O若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
* j% T/ B; C3 T2 H& R# h' O8 n; F5 ?" j# q/ O/ B# W
(1) empty suit:6 W( l' u; ~$ V+ Z, ~+ Q
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。0 t2 T  o, g" [
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
: ^4 w# d) x* K例如:2 U4 D, y  H- T5 [/ x6 L# W
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.% i- G2 }4 J9 t0 v
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
1 v4 i" \# `3 N  O# cMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
7 t$ F+ s/ q/ n9 e9 x(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。), N( ]5 p- x) Z5 t$ f! W
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
! I6 e- Y( J, r% a* KThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.1 z& t+ z9 a+ N$ R7 c3 E4 ]
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)# k6 L! r/ d. F  _' t+ ?( r) @, P+ J
(2) fair-haired boy:
" w! v1 @2 y! }+ M# [6 \( Y指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)( O: T8 }' r2 M5 ?
(通常用单数,当名词用)
5 @# D" L1 x- e; R( ~例如:3 H5 S1 T7 P# W0 t7 q
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.$ D4 B' x2 w, V% g1 S9 Y. H5 T. z
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。); B* c2 f  ^3 L5 K) L
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
) K1 t" M" E5 a6 @' _(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)* |% b2 P1 X: j- p" m; K
有时也可用复数:5 J$ ^$ @  }+ y; [
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.; b: ~- t, W7 K9 d7 N. ?$ ^4 Y# `
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
9 s- ^+ R+ Q$ R8 l5 dFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
! p+ \/ W. E7 P1 U, e, l2 M9 r(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)* q3 z# ?9 _' a+ C* S8 @, ^( N
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)" L! B( x- x6 a' }
(3) fishing expedition:1 j  e* J4 z; S' B! W/ V: H0 P- {
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
  B* `0 a- F3 q(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)- u8 o# S8 o- b
例如:# {% [0 i, P, H9 ]/ e
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.- L0 a! m( g& w% n% v3 x
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
4 z- V! ~" x, {0 ]. W! ZThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.. H, ?! s7 B, l4 ?( C
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)' V: M4 o, q3 C5 L
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)% @* c3 m0 }7 Z! L5 ]
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.0 l1 @1 V6 j7 Z
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
% N4 D+ E7 }/ J8 f3 r# }- p9 S4 R偶尔也有人用复数:
# x$ A6 C& J5 |$ ]  u  ZSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
4 r* q7 T6 w4 F& S(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)' S( |  s8 \7 I9 }; _  b
(4) filthy rich:  A( ~) N0 K% z6 k9 s, C
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
! H6 `6 H  `; _" e9 ^(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
% Z7 J% f# s5 c% v多半当形容词用。例如:- U0 s1 Y& A" [, A3 _. l
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.9 b: M$ I7 {3 d/ B% K1 y
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)6 Z( N2 R$ @$ ]% U1 O" v( X
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.. P/ |7 f/ q* c+ S+ f+ [/ ~0 a
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
* `; {6 d1 c$ _  v* ]A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
3 Q6 Y# P0 ?' _' v(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
6 x6 e- n) c6 ^& a& n$ y5 s. HFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
( N) z' F6 @+ z* |- _5 ](有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
: l! F# v3 K+ w0 k: D. w(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)" m: \# z* a# g
(5) fairy godmother:3 J% A6 t! }$ ]" K* j
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
) b: w) z2 h, }8 n9 |" e(多半指有钱的女人)4 _9 q+ C9 x3 a1 }& L0 e
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:" H2 z: u  l' g/ v- `1 A
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.# G7 I, N: y2 {1 J& _) ]
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
/ J5 j5 |+ e1 p; vAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
/ _! E% J! D0 n, i' N(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)' t; v' @1 t# H/ f
有时也用复数:& M, i' d' F- F# M+ ~; h, i* p
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
, |9 L  F2 ?0 c9 o. |( L(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)$ i! d1 D$ r2 q1 T
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.. u8 ^/ Y6 Y' f3 h, f' ?  |$ Y- v
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)0 m, T$ R9 {6 U+ D
$ y' j% d$ |/ t9 w. q9 q8 R

3 H& [8 U/ G3 p; p6)eye opener:
/ F$ \- j3 I0 n. D: p& j指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
4 P" W( @% \$ s$ v( H(当名词用;通常只用单数)
( A) J! ?& H; ]! I例如:; C1 X1 |9 b$ E5 C
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
$ D2 @9 F# V2 [9 o! ?(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)4 [* B5 z( {+ H6 {
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.( u1 `5 W4 G1 h
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
* e- z2 M) }% }9 OThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.0 @0 W. m9 Y. T2 `! P
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
" `; u; l! ~' F! _  T2 L0 aSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.' B0 `: R0 ?5 t, d
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
3 Z! p8 D, J4 m! X(7) hot dog:  h1 Z+ D- l0 O2 Q& f9 s( R0 a4 h
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
; y& [" ?' [; i* V6 G: ]例如:) C& Q7 f3 B8 g, j# C& l
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.) I/ c. g6 Y' y, I
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
6 B) S3 e' O8 S! G9 p' H# g(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
, S4 Y4 m7 B) B& Z) yIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.5 T2 W' v1 D, X8 W1 @: i& }
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)5 l) O. Q2 Q5 _  r  q$ n( Q
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)' y2 m0 t/ m2 `" `" A* }, n5 d3 }
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
: ?% O4 A1 a( P(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)3 a- A+ A3 q3 W2 y( P
也指真正的热狗食物:9 L. h$ k) O0 |, O0 ^( W# t
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
* B& k) w3 Z# B( t. M7 g" w. d(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)! ~. {9 X0 l4 b; P7 O+ `7 h0 r
也可表达欣赏的心情:; E0 Z1 h0 v& @2 \" |# F7 ~  T
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
- `4 w7 R  i* o. m+ p(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
/ ]' {) D/ v, n! m  E# ^1 `(8)eager beaver:! u( _0 o7 }, {0 V3 A2 Q, N
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)4 e6 d1 \0 O$ k9 @7 g2 D3 C
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)$ D, S9 M( Y, ^; V0 f
(当名词用,可指男女)
* O2 Z3 E* y" ~$ f例如:
5 F8 q9 w- [) X: sJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
: B9 W, X! {* m3 z4 L! `(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
1 y) s1 j% d9 W6 d, m6 f2 P5 xBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.+ d: |% D; O" Y" [9 p" g: o- d
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
* P- B- Y5 a  a8 V' HDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?. G/ ?0 }0 o# q5 J. l3 o
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)% ^( \# _5 j) ~* R1 c# v
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
% z' ^* \$ y( V# k2 @) \(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)+ m# T  r5 ^" T: Z2 K9 O9 `
(9)doubting Thomas:4 N3 g6 p+ `8 h; h& ?8 k
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)2 J$ i/ S+ R+ I: d' f- J+ X
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)( z& [, n0 z2 f+ g9 X
(当名词用)
0 {0 j+ b2 O5 ~  A例如:% a; W; q. k# N" o; m# C( g
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
9 a. _, v8 T* i/ j; p$ {  ]0 N(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
0 ~6 C2 H/ ~7 tThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
& F7 g* T3 z! e, n(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)& ^- m, L5 I* r" D7 M" {+ a
也可用复数:* |3 c7 q" T$ ^
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
: q2 h( |5 q2 H: r(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。): Y! ~+ x# `7 w- D6 P; c2 {
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.2 y* V  {( P& k% U& z9 x! S
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
! I, u* U/ Y- z$ K! ~2 Z(10)dragon lady:% V- S4 v: q9 r6 P) r8 E5 o
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
8 j  h* o# M' v& ]2 g0 Q例如:1 w) Z* O7 l- Q) O$ x( l) _+ G
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady." y  S0 U0 D) s: k: h, I
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)7 L  F7 D+ [8 A  S
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.4 x0 K- l( ]1 q  p) t
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
; e7 k9 J$ I& e7 ?- R# |& _Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
4 w3 M' g0 U3 j- [* v(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
( m  V/ y5 ], ?/ C  @也可用复数:, K, d# J. q/ v3 b. o
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.& l/ ^; ^. [, S3 j/ v! ~7 t7 F
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)' i9 z3 ^! Q8 Z1 B
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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