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谈英语俚语4 T0 H& p1 E0 A l% A2 L
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
5 w. K& u. R' l- \! W' u/ N之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。" Z G1 N# b2 s. }- M
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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9 c7 w- g! ^: j/ j: o" J(1) empty suit:
6 u7 E1 ?) U: u" y指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。: Y5 G' ~8 A5 M
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)) }4 E( }4 e( f. x$ K
例如:
3 ^6 a; [: s8 U2 N2 pAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
4 s7 {8 I e/ `" n- l" N(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)% v& c X. k$ O0 N5 Q
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.( h7 J- e. ~& ]
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
- \2 G7 y% A U3 i: U$ x! ]- N虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:2 ?- j- R- j2 C% h* i
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.2 f3 b1 \5 h( X9 M, S
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
m* f) B% i ~9 N$ j(2) fair-haired boy:3 g, H3 i- [% h/ ]
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man): G+ U) u( T$ T7 I
(通常用单数,当名词用)$ O! Z. l) |2 I/ a) w
例如:2 s. n S$ Q. o0 D; i2 y9 r
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
* g: P9 @' `9 K( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
0 H/ \2 j9 q. @) }. ~: q4 b2 MNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.0 m3 s) G' E% j! ]2 D! M
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。). _8 T; S! f+ d) {/ e, u# k- ]
有时也可用复数:4 A! r& O" ^/ G4 [3 u& I) {
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
5 T0 w( O5 M( ]8 U9 C) ?(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
; y* ]/ ]- ^1 g* t. K6 tFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.$ h2 q# S8 ^; y( [1 _
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
( @3 r9 m" n1 r(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
( F4 g2 k2 W8 b) E/ Q. G9 j: Y(3) fishing expedition:$ @$ q4 J# a% L" @6 a; U- V
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
" a' L$ K1 g3 e2 I' d" _(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
& D9 g5 v. C5 _3 w; f \例如:3 M" r4 ^; c+ k& E' }0 l+ `
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
; P- _: c" M3 B; K( O N9 P; \(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)- F$ a/ [/ X& E
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.7 [2 o1 A$ s1 z. X$ j0 D
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)1 Q( X, A E& y) `( ^: a' x
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
0 l9 V8 j- P. o+ k) tThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
# ]0 m0 v; }0 @1 v6 l(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)- s; x% S1 f/ u/ V" l* C6 P
偶尔也有人用复数:
# H a& H: s: C" j& e: S O& d5 TSeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
1 S% N4 C7 r+ J. S% ~. x; I/ Y(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
6 p5 N7 D, }6 W9 G(4) filthy rich:7 y- ~6 P6 h& x7 t$ o# n7 q
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)7 Y/ {3 |. q, U1 ~' p* ^
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)& I3 v) D* W6 }* X" c/ U4 @9 ]
多半当形容词用。例如:
- Y' U: g3 @8 {With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
* \: @7 H! N! a6 V! w% X) W( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
2 I1 v3 C* o" C4 ^! z; n8 H* oDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.7 w. M2 E7 P& U7 V# z
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
/ I' i" y: v. f& B$ p8 C: h/ lA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.! a) T3 p0 F1 [8 `3 J: ^4 E
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)+ I7 p" S/ h$ c6 B
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
1 f2 i, Y, \ U u6 i& v! D(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)! i& x4 _* r3 D4 `
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
' T) C1 ]" g1 c(5) fairy godmother:
8 L8 N. D+ ^1 Q5 e1 _1 ]* ^+ E0 l' v( E指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance); b! q- o$ `- d7 e0 A7 F: b
(多半指有钱的女人). Y8 K1 Y4 c {) A) Q7 W2 L2 ^
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:" l# i8 p, U" S9 I9 P
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.: I% T! _: h2 Z! h( y
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)2 R1 s4 T" B: t" g ~& K& q
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.# D W! C7 U X+ B0 C
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)9 F" k' N+ q( V. L% K1 u% t
有时也用复数:! [' u( N1 H' o: ?
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.. G! f t0 Q5 e8 y
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)5 k) `* s& Y: B8 V
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.% I9 i# g2 u+ z d/ W: r2 ` c. _
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)6 b' M" A- a& u) {! e
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6)eye opener:8 w: v5 n- P6 W/ P1 ]( A
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)9 ~. T* c& v: ?# Q8 N4 N
(当名词用;通常只用单数)4 k+ D$ r) x( t4 I7 E1 n0 c
例如:
( y% v: d5 s$ b1 T0 [) ]8 mYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters./ H1 C! W% t0 l8 C
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)3 t+ [ B: H3 }, }# M2 z% U6 B
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
! e+ s; S. v) m, V" `$ e( K( S" t(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
2 q( U9 B6 \" o- GThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
& ~. h- H* L+ u" q' n5 e(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)1 K! L- |! e8 Y8 d3 I3 A, f
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
* z0 y: m ]$ m. D+ R(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)5 \6 I( y' I }6 E q( d& R
(7) hot dog:- b) W* A% n B
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
. {' C& Q* ?& s/ a$ F& b6 m) `例如:5 |0 G; P8 n% _6 \6 {
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.4 m) E. A0 n. n* B( d
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)/ ]- g& r8 `4 h. S. Y6 c. g3 W% t4 l
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
8 S6 A; T, ?/ A( X0 F% b6 tIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog., s9 R8 ^4 G- l1 S1 ?) ~
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)* V1 B, w6 f* i
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)& M6 R2 D6 n' Y" w- Q; O) i& f8 ?% Z5 v' `
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer." w9 j7 l, w7 c3 o' O
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)# D/ V& m# B9 [+ B
也指真正的热狗食物:! {4 J" C: Y- r1 n. P
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
7 E0 E% W: Y5 k" M# I(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)/ r8 K0 J" w U5 s3 n7 F/ g
也可表达欣赏的心情:) ^' {/ C' Q; C
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
, l3 o0 a) N+ B(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)1 d+ e7 l/ x& u3 l6 V
(8)eager beaver:* u7 t- U6 c, U: P! E8 A
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
4 Q+ `5 s& K4 v(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。), Y' t: @" I: h- k
(当名词用,可指男女)
7 v9 l m0 M9 n例如:, X$ M# i& J2 ?& M, [7 j
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
' f+ \7 p; O# N) W" [ W* v5 r(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
' {: ?, D4 U8 C# z0 n- A# cBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
+ c. O2 e% u A) C3 q(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)6 L8 w) S$ b! G$ X. Z% k
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
" c) R3 h y) w+ O! Z5 i! ](B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
( |6 Q/ t8 L, `& CYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.* N9 m: y( I2 U5 {3 D4 Q
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
7 [6 l C1 H5 R- c7 X; q g(9)doubting Thomas:) p( Y) ?) J+ ]& ?0 a' ?) W- ^
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others), \7 R/ X/ J9 p1 }5 j6 j6 i
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)8 y# @; _, `; a6 R
(当名词用)% f) O @* Z- u. @* s
例如:
9 a! v" ^/ R; pI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
; P& W; _# `6 r4 a2 f3 Q y$ ~( m# e(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)1 V/ d: y. _: K+ \4 e$ j
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.; \0 x" G9 J; i. z: i Q
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)8 a3 [$ ]0 Z( n0 V% v8 L
也可用复数:
7 K2 {& E" P8 D4 \1 f& d3 `1 SMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
; @: F6 B- i* J# w(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。) H# w/ o8 y" O0 J4 ]
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.3 \9 D4 o9 V, E& N$ c
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
+ B5 `/ [1 F* R(10)dragon lady: y& D$ Q. A7 D/ t2 e
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)! O8 z# H$ G% i4 n( z
例如:
( Q, ?; X7 q0 xThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
3 Q; X" H5 ~6 E' n; _2 R, _(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)9 B9 R. D. K5 }2 T, h
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
2 _5 h8 D+ v' f* y0 L(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
9 ]3 y$ M1 I, D- n9 u; j. AShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her? `7 u! U) ~ P( j
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
( B; f3 g! A3 |' D3 Y4 m/ v+ v也可用复数:
7 P& |6 k/ f, V! oThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.% A9 j/ k1 d6 X q( P
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)4 |9 l/ R& w0 ?' n. g
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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