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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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+ F5 k* u6 [% k* B7 ?在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯3 P3 e3 H: l# x
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
$ N" V# B1 F3 r7 o9 A9 e7 W$ H若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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4 @% p0 p: a4 ~3 e; t(1) empty suit:. {8 J+ J$ Q6 O! Y" }- l
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
% q1 u2 n! e+ w(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)& M- Q: [. ^: u3 n) H% j) q
例如:
$ L+ D. X4 z6 b' T" H' }0 l( ~An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.5 p5 \: ]# q6 ~* E8 z2 _  \
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)( G5 b9 v6 U  G8 t/ ~
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
' Y: \5 I7 F5 y3 e; X(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)+ ~) \% b- v" r! i
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
3 {7 t' y5 e2 v4 J6 \& W" @The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.3 M. ~. u  H8 H! W& r
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
7 W. T3 @# ~, D; \- t' N; Q: T(2) fair-haired boy:9 v- ~+ D, F! v' T
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)8 F3 c/ ]3 N# j
(通常用单数,当名词用)/ G/ R$ O: Q8 G5 j: Q) A
例如:
# D+ y2 x2 c3 H& |* ]( kMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
( c0 Y, b" E- t8 {( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
9 j) j# a2 f8 \Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.+ c$ w$ m% j: b2 f
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
2 r6 X$ b" [1 y" {/ d9 R有时也可用复数:
8 p7 M, c0 B! A/ vMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.3 D) a& l2 F- x" [5 L# [
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
/ E. M" K8 G  `" ]9 F6 CFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
; k4 B! e+ W3 x( Q(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)2 }* u" P7 H, Y
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)# O7 e7 ]8 r0 B0 b
(3) fishing expedition:5 n7 v/ d" X9 L
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
4 b9 x! v+ Y# s+ T$ T' Q# R(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
: _0 l8 u: O0 Q例如:( }- ?! Z, i0 _2 o) ?$ d
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.% j7 d9 d  p- a# M% e6 L. ]+ \- F
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
- P2 N7 M2 Y7 X0 n0 HThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.6 b' P  e' H0 d3 f
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
8 E  i9 E% Y! S  e(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
& h0 n+ Y- p/ V1 A* [5 t) BThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
; @3 M) D2 x6 |. y0 V(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)3 ?0 b( ~3 ^! J1 V8 `, y6 k% a- _+ S
偶尔也有人用复数:! A: m8 g3 |9 v* U9 R8 j
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
) v# L* C; I5 L3 k+ d+ F(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
' a, A8 K& N4 J& d+ f- D( U(4) filthy rich:/ w' y: |2 S& h; `" l5 I/ f: ~
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
! R/ K1 `  r& h6 B- P' N& b: C& P) M(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)) v& _6 ]4 p. q/ U% O$ r9 |8 |
多半当形容词用。例如:
+ ]: f2 N! s% D: T) q! vWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
+ d* s9 U% x: B) ~7 `& Z* {& f! J( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
3 E! w" C6 a7 A" A5 ?Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.9 @! n8 K  N+ X: i4 }# `6 O% {
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)0 A- i* b: G3 U& P
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.6 J5 i/ m2 r! v5 i
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)& z/ R$ I2 @1 Y4 \2 b: _  y
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
& U# Y0 c- E$ [(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
9 y/ ~! j6 [" M5 h0 n# ](注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法). h( Y0 ^  S9 e- I
(5) fairy godmother:
3 t# m0 A2 J2 x! a( m( ]- s. v0 y指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
) |* h* l' B. n( u; M; c(多半指有钱的女人)/ }; y2 t5 [9 _* L# x$ N7 e
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:" A( A% L3 c" C: ?
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
( P$ V/ |3 r6 k7 q1 v, }  T- t1 N(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)1 l5 D! v6 L" @8 |; Y4 F9 O
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.1 g+ a) {1 x& v
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)7 ]# W; G4 M# e
有时也用复数:, J! @* H' ?/ I+ N% t
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
" W* n6 `  _6 W% b# D  v+ E(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)$ _: Y4 ?- v' w
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
2 ?) v: c3 Q  N" a! k4 H' b1 F! L7 D; n(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6 |; C: l& V; B- }3 q6)eye opener:
4 z% Y4 I2 G9 |指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
; F# l3 ]& q1 j+ a" n. [( `(当名词用;通常只用单数)
& g, u* Z- U. X! b, X8 C4 ]$ Z3 d例如:/ S* p/ b3 J* n" V5 I0 Q
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters." @; V6 m; |8 r7 }2 h
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)8 ~2 T. k& z  s/ h* _6 q# D) v
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.( h! h/ g9 y9 f) @
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)7 p' E* |" Z! Q
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
/ G1 g' j* d5 s' W3 ?) u1 X2 j' |(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)/ \6 }  }) T4 d6 {
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.+ ]8 Z4 x) q1 W* R6 ~7 W
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。). G& A; @$ T/ s
(7) hot dog:, z5 U$ G' y' Z) g: q
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)1 Z: R1 Y- J2 U# C* E) X# [
例如:
$ D0 Z- n* Q0 B3 u3 _9 ]Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
( v9 d' c3 L1 _0 p' h% z, r(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
9 D+ w1 T' y2 i% T(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
" z. t1 R6 Y- I  }+ I9 c1 \5 X8 ~In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
/ }0 e) J8 h0 S(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。): r0 @7 F5 u' \' c
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)  q: h' ]; W3 [
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.: \! x6 p% D5 M1 y0 Y3 c
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
6 t! t5 [* [7 E! w( U8 _也指真正的热狗食物:
) _  O. d6 Q( M+ K& h/ mThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
% @( L  r; P) C7 N: b! }) D4 q4 B(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。): q& a+ J8 U& a, u- F- c$ J: N- x$ `* a
也可表达欣赏的心情:1 x5 }# S7 I1 e! g
Hot dog ! What great news for me." p8 F) D, U6 Z! L( k
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)9 I' {; w+ o9 P) M0 N
(8)eager beaver:" n7 K. G, s3 h3 P" ]6 W
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
) d+ x2 M7 `3 b(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
6 E4 p9 W5 f- y8 L2 ]  V8 F(当名词用,可指男女); d' l$ u( v# l4 W5 X/ _% I
例如:5 }. b( R2 X/ H, F# o+ {1 m
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.$ F7 c0 B6 [; h$ T# W, z0 q
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
+ i4 \* [6 p  |) F1 |% OBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.% x4 B, L( J, g' \: l! q( |$ y
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
5 z8 m8 k( \: b6 T3 iDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
4 w+ _4 `4 x' d, {% {. P(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
2 J0 v! \" S' ^/ c# cYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.5 W# {: m) d$ u0 q! b8 g
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。): |4 n6 X1 ^& S( U) R
(9)doubting Thomas:
' v1 j" @( x. x0 D' O0 }7 R" s这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
! ]; M" @* J: f/ V- R(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活): g% T& u- X; w4 k3 B' f
(当名词用)6 R& t$ I5 s7 g" w( U
例如:* j3 p9 N( [6 |' \  _+ y" ]
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.  @, k2 V- q8 n/ I+ \- f
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)6 L* W% o5 g5 G* s+ O) j6 W# c) {/ V4 l
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.' F! E* c( k4 u: G- Y- @4 }& I3 w9 D, w" y
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)" N( t; _4 m5 y4 A0 f1 n" `
也可用复数:" ~2 {4 E7 v8 l
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.0 v% Y& C* \' \, C. ^) r
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
9 t- n& H& A: _9 l) A% eIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.% t: m* T' c, {
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)5 R4 ?3 n2 ~- F) I) D7 `/ m
(10)dragon lady:
# V# t  v9 L% z' M* x& J( o指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
) p- l/ a7 X, B, j1 m$ V1 e+ T例如:; B( ~5 O, y' @; M
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
6 n# B" n  M  X% X9 X4 Q(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
- W4 O, Q9 T0 e- E" H( OI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
! I. B( o. h/ v* s(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)2 M  L* P8 G: b6 e; F
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
; f3 ~$ F* e8 I. l- U: j(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)/ {6 I: t  k* p3 B
也可用复数:, F# }5 N& x9 N  k0 k
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.. N4 w# J) }# ?7 |
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
+ z$ m/ ~; ^0 Z! p+ V4 ~注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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