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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语( r! K! J% O! [5 b7 C

1 t" ?2 s& `7 {+ K9 J* G4 k$ I7 u  J; j6 p" J
在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯" R. x& f2 x, g) q! d. Z6 Y
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。" c3 r% e8 f. m6 a2 \+ c! f
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!3 o8 Y: }' w; b" ]' k) r) s6 I0 B

! H: w' R; A4 ^1 e(1) empty suit:
  ~' m* B3 y" p2 \指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
) @8 ]) n( Q6 l0 h% w2 w0 V(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
9 a5 K. p  ]2 y& y( t! C1 s例如:$ ]) g) ]) _6 Q: T: l* Q8 B
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
' c# x7 f/ c/ W2 _% w(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
* x  b8 E" n9 s- ]Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
  d8 f- o/ [+ s4 \/ u8 u(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。); G4 H. r" P, G
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:% X5 n8 `6 x$ h. |4 S# h
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits./ k+ p: j2 K0 N* C7 W, E: S
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
5 z+ ]7 E- j8 V3 [  d6 v* E(2) fair-haired boy:1 j. S' I5 u' ^4 s9 f1 z; K8 a/ [
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)7 y% C5 B" _6 u4 ?; O
(通常用单数,当名词用)2 [; g; y) W" w( Y6 w8 L  j
例如:
7 @4 v2 A6 n  V+ o/ dMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
) A8 y3 \# o! M" p8 a3 U) h( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)' _% ^6 W( W. S' y' K- v& i# o
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.# b+ l4 c/ I& J$ a, X; u
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
5 X5 b  `5 F0 V$ v! D有时也可用复数:  S& w8 S$ m: H- d
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.1 z$ l2 H4 Z% j# B. z
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)0 n" L: \1 m" c0 l; o
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
4 t9 {. J7 F4 E1 [$ d(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)7 F9 {1 x; K+ Z, h2 ^4 [8 O) P2 @
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)2 v5 J2 y5 |4 X5 W; g7 \
(3) fishing expedition:
4 x4 A- E" j; s为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
) @8 q9 C# J, N! S  M(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
: I4 E- Q) ^0 e例如:! u9 ~$ e7 s, \  A' Z
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.$ {/ E7 r0 c5 x) B" F' l
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
" c6 j( d# H% D1 y0 eThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.: \- H) u+ {! ^; \! y  Z
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)% M% }. Q) e" r/ k, m
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)5 O" m7 s- l7 Z- e
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.( P7 M* T. J; K3 v: ?
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
) d) r* D- z# G6 S) a8 m. p偶尔也有人用复数:/ J& R3 D8 _' b! _: o* m" M
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
$ ?6 z6 Q% Y5 s(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
4 e5 p9 w& V2 S! q(4) filthy rich:' A# Z' M$ K/ t. [4 m
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
$ u) @, \; R: O5 |8 k+ X(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)/ @* Q4 u5 k# Y2 C
多半当形容词用。例如:3 t, N, M- X, C' z/ y5 {# R  Q
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
  R6 K1 }- f% c  ]- \3 A( h( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
; x0 S2 A% \& k; q! O& tDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
, \& b9 ?2 y  u. ?(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)5 y3 Q6 @+ I% s/ c  w
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
- G3 ]" y8 z1 N" P% e6 \4 e(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)  T: |9 K; d( M* f8 A
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
7 I- _4 r# d4 n4 n( h7 F* s(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)& t$ m/ s) |5 P5 {8 a
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
5 d4 v* B) @5 Y; E) f" Q9 V(5) fairy godmother:/ h# a3 {7 a# Z/ V7 N; v) `
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
7 I% y) f1 N3 d6 q7 J0 t, a(多半指有钱的女人)$ ^9 c7 A5 r- c& \
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
, s3 A$ p' f  q+ p" oMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars." i: O9 n/ K/ m* t5 W* Q- P  l5 j8 n
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
2 ^9 [+ ~4 ^3 u1 V" T  q. s4 {After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
) M) o% [$ d( B9 z(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)' t+ d! n0 U: b) R2 m
有时也用复数:
1 E" \( a; v  k4 L$ `# c0 u$ {- NOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.; S9 g* K( \8 |: |& c+ L* z1 i
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
0 G& `& K4 X5 d6 t8 y* DIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
: o) K6 a& u; p. {; q(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)2 `+ M. {6 D6 n1 O3 T* K' K

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8 U: o3 s) F% J5 \4 v6)eye opener:
. W4 s- d7 f" N, B指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
5 \: _& x' S. ]/ m" U(当名词用;通常只用单数)
( R( K4 P3 o6 Z$ \# T9 i! ]例如:3 |3 M( [1 |- D0 I& y& y! Q; j$ ^
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
+ R  D8 Y/ |. f0 J(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)$ ~% w9 q! n, ]3 h& N- R
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
3 j1 l* @9 T1 M$ Q& T5 V. L2 M(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
  \% ?! N8 c7 o. P; `, XThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
+ h! S+ x* ~& |/ ?" _(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
) P; ?, m9 w0 Q2 z! \( vSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.5 u+ f+ T- h+ p/ v% y- h
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
; z7 {0 w+ D# |2 E$ r5 n$ @(7) hot dog:2 H7 z9 x: @- K2 p7 X% w& M% n
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
7 k$ @! J) _6 a, \例如:
* T( E* D2 G2 P' X7 SSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.  \' J3 W& y" j0 @
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
! W4 h, U+ C7 }$ m  O; t0 z8 Y4 ^(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
9 G4 V$ T- {% u5 L: o, RIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog., E7 n, ]7 L$ _6 C, Z: p
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
9 g6 Q/ E2 ?4 T0 @$ H6 U/ N(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
- m2 A$ i: R3 W, I5 I6 KDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
# M( ?8 M$ a) Z: ^(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)& @6 N5 e5 Z2 ?- J
也指真正的热狗食物:
& ^: C# Y0 _/ l) _; ZThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
7 D% O1 |8 J4 \" C(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。). l2 F+ s* o4 U- m: I5 \4 ^7 W0 i
也可表达欣赏的心情:5 V9 h8 y' R( _, O2 x
Hot dog ! What great news for me.
  E8 ^, n: `' i# d" {+ @' h# g(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)$ H: g2 Y2 y' {. c
(8)eager beaver:2 f" e+ W0 l5 I. J
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
9 d. q: J3 T8 U(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
9 k1 d  v5 o5 l(当名词用,可指男女)6 A! U& q1 c) _0 r5 N9 n$ i
例如:6 u4 k* G* `6 m$ m2 \
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.# O6 v$ c0 b9 R: X: N1 S! r- _% o
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
$ K& U0 W5 X" Y& Z+ OBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.2 u! B8 ]" n5 r4 k1 o# s
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)" i/ O: r  n3 ]9 T
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
1 K0 R# A- t* a0 l" B- J$ F" g( Z3 c(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
  b1 A+ G: {% KYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.* p; a, \3 [( h  `
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
; C0 @% f. F  y2 [(9)doubting Thomas:
+ x% L3 n1 u" y这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
* U8 M/ e" o$ r8 H& P3 {(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
$ ?$ r( D) c. i9 s. L4 i; V( m# ]$ ^6 N(当名词用)0 x7 P$ M' ~+ X: H
例如:/ z6 B% ^6 K% y. k
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.. m  t  p* A# c) r1 P8 K7 V3 y7 z
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)  h* d. c, {! r+ Q9 H0 x
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.4 @. m6 ]2 r. m1 `
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)* [7 q% k) b4 q( Z
也可用复数:
- C" `8 J5 N3 HMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
1 p- A* J/ Y0 N$ [  ?* K(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)  I; h, x0 Z( z4 P! q! C
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.7 Y, x! q2 W3 T9 [( p' t
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
2 Q' H0 m5 u: k, u(10)dragon lady:" S# P7 B: D$ `+ W7 M5 k
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
* Z* C- }. E. B6 q, X6 g3 n3 q例如:
' _$ C  S$ h$ f1 Y* k) xThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
2 V7 P( d$ i5 e6 b2 I7 ~, P(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)+ q1 E* R* z8 g; b
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
# Z; ], Z+ p1 @& k+ d' {(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
- C& M( S& E5 M" R: s  KShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?# M4 b  v* k9 C, m- |1 K: [  l- b
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
' ?7 k6 }0 l, i0 u# Y也可用复数:
7 u" W  i5 @" d& ^4 u  \, cThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
' k; r( b  b0 V  v0 ]8 ^(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)" M0 G% V0 M& x, t7 y+ ~
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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