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Accounting system 会计系统 , g! X2 W/ ]5 v4 s- B( r
American Accounting Association 美国会计协会 8 u* {1 `4 Q1 p2 `/ B
American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会
' z, D' E/ C3 q7 m4 a, E8 W0 PAudit 审计
3 d7 ~# ]5 i1 n# ^. RBalance sheet 资产负债表 7 e+ r& u; N1 |
Bookkeepking 簿记 # G# y+ O3 l' ?. a0 M
Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测
9 i; f) X2 W8 j# Q$ f) q4 eCertificate in Internal Auditing 内部审计证书
" m0 T5 }9 b- G* pCertificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书 6 ?, G( C& F1 Q6 q; u, r, ?8 ~
Certificate Public Accountant注册会计师 ; V. C4 B' \3 L, E! }4 `) |
Cost accounting 成本会计
' Y! ?4 C" u- N7 q. F4 h2 ~External users 外部使用者 M0 T) n- }% A) n
Financial accounting 财务会计
+ R/ Z2 ]0 e* ?0 n( p8 YFinancial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会 2 l* Y* \/ D0 D* i: H
Financial forecast 财务预测 " g3 u; R2 b/ ^+ B
Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则 K& k5 s& J5 Z; o& v
General-purpose information 通用目的信息
, |4 j2 o6 i2 }! g8 fGovernment Accounting Office 政府会计办公室
& t8 i0 h" k( K/ M1 U2 ]$ BIncome statement 损益表 & I" L4 z% _" t/ ]# p) s, y' q
Institute of Internal Auditors 内部审计师协会
- [3 N! g$ f7 }+ m+ E9 xInstitute of Management Accountants 管理会计师协会 2 q" b- k f g; T8 S. ^
Integrity 整合性 0 y- w! ^7 z/ ?6 \& t2 B8 |
Internal auditing 内部审计
- {0 o |0 ]6 LInternal control structure 内部控制结构 + p4 b2 c7 s2 W4 C! Y, ?4 q
Internal Revenue Service 国内收入署 6 j# a" R A# t- S9 v
Internal users 内部使用者 $ Y: Y/ x$ T# e+ R2 s
Management accounting 管理会计
& J y. F5 R' n" F/ bReturn of investment 投资回报
/ Y3 N1 B$ i: t& eReturn on investment 投资报酬
% V1 d/ X0 a# _( f! f3 jSecurities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会
0 i( z* l' @ h5 Q8 e# IStatement of cash flow 现金流量表
; Q+ Y5 G5 g' s8 n7 x7 UStatement of financial position 财务状况表 0 L1 [4 V! h9 y* o8 m1 W5 Y
Tax accounting 税务会计
0 r: e; n& t" m0 oAccounting equation 会计等式 # D9 {7 {; P& K& Q' y2 J, _
Articulation 勾稽关系 . Q9 q0 N W" M/ x, H, Q7 y
Assets 资产
: m8 X- }1 f$ Q6 @8 \( G7 wBusiness entity 企业个体
# x0 Z' h/ i8 a- I z& ]6 p' CCapital stock 股本
4 E. c# O b p* gCorporation 公司 0 U5 b: k1 t9 C! R4 V
Cost principle 成本原则
: W" Q q) R) z4 R/ i- CCreditor 债权人 / ^/ W" L1 K, h6 H; o3 B
Deflation 通货紧缩 : e+ f ?0 p% B- m& ^, M
Disclosure 批露
( l' L# }& j0 S: j$ t# aExpenses 费用 b; |- {- H( H! g% T4 N
Financial statement 财务报表 : z* U; N2 A4 w, M' q' k/ Q2 @% {5 b
Financial activities 筹资活动
& K7 `% [) b- Q, uGoing-concern assumption 持续经营假设 1 D; f! g% R3 [
Inflation 通货膨涨
9 q# [: _1 B" KInvesting activities 投资活动 ' P4 c. y" }% T. W6 H' s
Liabilities 负债
4 h9 [! t. {) c. o* C7 kNegative cash flow 负现金流量
# A* [8 h# ], X, w# MOperating activities 经营活动
6 {- b$ h1 q% p* d4 POwner's equity 所有者权益 1 T7 ~& S% p: [6 V X) u2 w
Partnership 合伙企业
- W& S$ `& t+ h5 q1 _2 _Positive cash flow 正现金流量 ) A. ] y+ m% [' Z# P7 i
Retained earning 留存利润
6 P; |( l2 M8 f4 n9 ORevenue 收入 . k: r% R$ D, @* l0 B; u
Sole proprietorship 独资企业 . g1 C" X' X# J$ |
Solvency 清偿能力
, i/ ]/ O, C. W( r' AStable-dollar assumption 稳定货币假设 9 u8 ]- z6 E9 t2 n; s: [# l
Stockholders 股东
2 H" r9 e. P- @/ q3 yStockholders' equity 股东权益
( ]2 L- P3 ?) B6 `3 qWindow dressing 门面粉饰
" q" P7 Z/ Q; ] m# XAccount 帐户 2 v& q5 a5 F6 ]9 g0 v( o
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: @" s; O2 f9 C0 B) q主营业务收入 Sales . d9 |/ j1 D" L6 b* N
折扣与折让 Sales discount and allowance
2 C4 x( C0 {* F; s
/ z1 R# T4 r2 T; n% t* r产品销售收入净额 NET SALES # ]$ f* m( W7 [) d
5 c$ n4 j1 r5 O( V+ m0 u, V主营业务成本 Cost of sales . H/ }; w, G/ l& n0 m& ~- \2 V
主营业务税金及附加 Sales tax 0 H/ P1 ^2 A `6 p; ]! @
) ]6 F. _$ ? X2 ^: v8 ~主营业务利润 GROSS PROFIT ' V1 r: v$ C+ z# s' G6 z0 R
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其他业务利润 Other operating profit 6 i9 @: b: ~+ p5 k* x4 H# S
3 P' N# z8 e% `! d
营业费用 Operating expenses
: n) ?! ]" S v) C管理费用 General and administrative expenses
1 v" f# x# a8 n财务费用 Financial expenses . H3 S- m2 h% s f+ F+ [
存货跌价损失 Loss on obsolete stocks 2 F4 K0 K& E" c) n* ~3 O, T
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营业利润 OPERATING INCOME
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投资收益 Investment income
5 p4 w4 N! B1 [' @6 _1 ~- p补贴收入 Subsidy income $ }9 D/ A7 j3 }( F& e
营业外收入 Non-operating income
5 }, Q+ R7 w, ^# s9 w$ o& O- x营业外支出 Non-operating expenses : X4 H" q& L; E# f7 d$ s2 x
以前年度损益调整 Prior year's adjustment
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& l5 s0 m# _/ Y$ A利润总额 INCOME FOR THE YEAR 1 ^$ B3 I+ R& o
7 | x r- D+ g; _! w$ v所得税 Income tax
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" w8 S3 d8 a" C; y* [8 \9 \ |本年净利润 NET INCOME FOR THE YEAR |
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