 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
: c; K4 W6 O/ Z8 W8 {3 x" YInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the4 Z/ L& M O8 y: H* O+ c1 l
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,0 \2 {: m: z. | s0 a, K
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial j% R* r$ ^1 k3 A8 s- V0 c7 H3 ]" c
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of& f& K1 R% u' a! i8 G; r- g
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
" [ x" U& [; g( Y5 KA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
; ]" [" ?* F- y8 I3 h[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]3 O! i1 X* y" v, G7 R% v
(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving4 A. K+ o& C4 ~
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on' z5 |/ _; i1 l
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset# I. B: B0 B# D3 c9 E. S
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
+ ~ [% D* _7 W0 u! vsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
0 A' T5 h8 g# r; qsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.2 G x6 |' \# ?+ c% j0 g
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
) U6 }7 u9 p+ kcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,# h$ X! \" P0 ]9 x0 Q
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..5 K$ C8 H, |* r3 S& b1 E* x. H
5 \9 P4 H; L( l2 h2 ]: a(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
8 v) a( Y9 m- L0 L2 Qand American speakers of English, |
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