 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The }6 \+ Z6 j% A, y+ _. e
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the/ ~% u, b8 j# }6 T" Q
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
; ^9 ^- x( I- I9 Z$ ^and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial: }. Q/ R5 F& [3 ~7 W$ b$ ?( \$ ^
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
. h0 _' n7 |8 D @: J, kretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).' Z) L; x9 B5 s! X1 J ]" w0 X
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
8 a- G8 w2 n9 |: i7 E% ~[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
7 r8 L* m" K* P* V(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
$ M8 D" X& E8 _4 E3 I5 n+ Vretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on) A) r* ~" {- n. m+ n) X
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset" z/ `, J0 L& N, R% h- _
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
8 p$ ]. \* x, Usegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a! N9 J- A2 ~: }* I9 A' d
semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.8 y5 L6 |" l, n0 |7 d! a1 N7 g
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
( {; }' I- E+ a% B0 e" Jcompound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
. E& N; |9 ~+ q( y# `the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
! Y- W" U% f, s, H
7 n; G5 N/ v: R7 n$ T( K(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)6 W7 T1 _3 {1 O3 ?+ J
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
