 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
7 @* {& g' d2 t1 O! n# J0 H g& YInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the2 F: R2 H9 Y' x1 k) F: u; w% {$ d
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,
$ G7 y2 k# P7 F5 i: U' K6 qand uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial( Z/ z& Y% `4 S, r" ~) z* F, Z8 M4 p
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of( H7 T; h: l9 g) i9 B6 a# K
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
8 j2 H) L/ _, W4 M2 y( ]- Z3 j7 n- }A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
3 ]- ?& a! R7 z F[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
7 I3 I& w% ^; A0 |* j2 C+ M(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving g$ t/ V7 F* b) m+ z- Z) F% @
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
" X: h6 p$ G3 s; C- F. Spossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset# ?. w+ q! y+ n) I3 z! E h
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two- J$ C$ n8 L( C( \) J
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
2 y- |- F Z* [) B' n5 d# xsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
- {, `2 r% l" _& |end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In! C. J6 C7 ?/ {0 y# T2 b
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
% Z" c- k; s1 Z% x) I' `# x6 _& Lthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
, C4 w& e. a. M7 H& r% b6 e" }
) t9 e9 S; q9 K2 x(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
0 S- X- W2 J e# sand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
