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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n) j/ L; L4 Q; J6 `
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Proof: ' o9 F) B: c. f6 e( O- S# ^
Let n >1 be an integer ' c/ E; L2 A0 L
Basis: (n=2)
% G0 f; B; q2 q 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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) V: Q3 c- C L5 XInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
8 n R5 h8 l9 v- y0 ~ K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
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5 @1 y$ j9 ]- s4 E- yNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
6 f( b1 A5 T4 ssince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem. t0 [, m7 Z. f
Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)5 M4 _* f; J, i, y! I0 \
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K6 x0 R1 D. e7 D
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K); x( D. o+ Y7 \2 _+ H( Z
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
& D: F- b. C2 _. j8 \by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0: x$ q2 X5 a# Y* {& Z/ V
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)7 C" m" w# ~5 b' P* f+ h! I
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)* ~# A7 n! a6 q/ a! {7 c
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3: q& `; N6 S2 Z- m
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.. @- B1 T2 M7 z6 d% q
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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