 鲜花( 53)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)' N; y1 `$ S; R9 B# M
% [4 s- V; o$ d. u
Proof: 6 V* _ W' R& @' E
Let n >1 be an integer
4 v$ C! C" V! S, j+ O) vBasis: (n=2)
( `' m& V8 |* b1 s' H 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
5 w8 e. f4 L+ A7 H6 |3 q1 f- \5 S1 ?# ~2 G- z
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that+ Q1 F8 Z+ v$ ^9 r1 o
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.
% j6 \3 N$ _3 a2 p* m: o7 u
: r& U1 N; r+ MNow, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3
, S$ `7 D- {0 X2 f1 }- G- k, Lsince we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
/ l- h; P1 b" `2 g2 ?3 z! zThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
: N7 R8 F5 F: U( | = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
. g O+ x- S) X3 E = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)
( o+ p, n: `) R: p% Q. _ = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
, r0 q$ R6 l- `4 j2 ` g% R! kby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0! ^3 e! R- c* e; p+ `
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
. F$ ^' U6 H9 W3 Y = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
9 l2 Z% `5 e% ]5 i$ l/ i = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
9 s$ C+ y5 d! h3 l8 D2 r1 t0 F- V$ ]" ?: x* o2 S6 [
Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
8 K7 r6 _+ p L9 w2 B! Z! u; {$ Z, Y
[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
|