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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 8 z7 e- r/ w3 ^5 T9 I
- W7 p' j/ z, `% ghttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
! k! Q5 V! N0 {! }& g/ x6 TYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
0 @3 F: n, z% c# Z- G4 W4 J( XFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of/ y# {0 \$ Q2 e g1 _! A
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.2 z5 d+ U: d' ?4 ?% x
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
/ Z% K u3 u2 v" }" K+ iReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
3 J0 W0 b" \6 FPublished online 26 January 2018
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]1 [" p9 m4 |: m! X( aAbstract
# V- z0 E+ q5 \9 I2 p: ]: jJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing3 G! _/ v u# K7 [8 C( r
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
* f; C, O: Z; K9 T2 ]Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
% n/ R+ ^* V8 I+ U( e, Kengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
: H8 H- ]- d9 p4 E7 F- \4 q5 Zonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
! p8 r# S- p; E7 bworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly" v" x" e9 g: i! z/ k
to the standardization of the scientific terminology1 ?6 Y; m8 |( D( d4 i% U. x
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s' S T/ X7 K% ~+ I3 H. J# F0 {7 Z
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
( N+ w8 @4 K9 z- s0 k( [" Iand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
# q& g" a& ]# I6 a! O- B4 h& ^) M* Qstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
6 Z3 d# p# C- V+ `. b& R! J' Iin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
+ L8 ~( Z/ C/ n9 V5 Mhe established had helped greatly with the popularization
& Q$ G( {0 ~1 H* E2 }4 dof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring( E; B8 a9 a* Y' N' j
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way5 f! K9 B2 Y& X6 u+ b' r
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
, z/ Y6 R- } l. P& W3 S! athat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
) m+ y7 D: s/ p/ w5 @# G0 Dgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
+ J7 n5 d# o- ~& d- Xterminology.
! H2 U! R% s6 ^. z8 X( qKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;: a. M8 z% z+ b
Standardization of terminology translation
5 M/ d5 {" H& b( TYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to b9 \% {, P% D% ?0 f
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern, j1 ?% z, h: J4 {
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
7 P1 F2 C/ |7 O, O) ^from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
8 z' d: p1 s# ]) C5 l; DDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213+ m# F6 {7 x% Z4 l! ~# |' r
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8 t& R( @% Z1 h0 N6 Y+ g4 K3 ?' OINTRODUCTION
) ]$ h, w0 b* T$ _, NJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
5 r B' Y$ I5 }7 ba great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
/ t+ w" e2 w, {0 mDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to& `9 k# n4 Y3 o4 B; J
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of1 Y. }* O8 X3 W
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
1 H) M3 b$ L3 u. o# @, Dby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as" b4 E% d, N# X, k8 ]8 `
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on' G- j/ N1 e+ T- i) L/ e: W1 F
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
* H- a' U5 t; b5 ^7 v0 s* {6 y7 k$ O1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
- C. O, P4 e+ @works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
5 M) k& q: S6 T& f5 UFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.! ^0 K8 J5 e& g U: o @) t
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
$ Y! p R' S2 Fto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
* q( P/ F' j4 W8 z8 Iwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese, b. i# B$ f7 T8 f+ {; E% I
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
& W9 r! Z; T) q6 xFryer translated more than one hundred of Western
5 _& n! ^" y6 m1 y! V9 v& A. obooks that made him the most productive one among the& d! n) x) p" g; F$ q! J* N
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
# o! S4 Y2 X- X, Y# a7 ytranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
3 i P9 F$ N9 `9 T6 ^ I _/ Lnoble work which could help accelerate the process of _9 o8 j. N# D7 I) _3 Y) y
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).7 {+ w% i* _; q9 J: i1 G
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer( _8 @: f$ R8 ?/ l# q8 z7 r/ F
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western6 V% ?% a5 d8 J9 Z I
science and the standardization of translated scientific8 d9 [* v! _# U s
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific9 ^2 |' o! b2 T: g+ H2 ?& u4 o
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the- p- S1 H, F) R
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another: C5 Y, L* g! w9 W! |9 k/ U! t- S
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
+ j! Q' ~+ F7 v s3 \$ Pof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in. K; i2 D% a: P$ {' Y
Modern China.
, ^) g, J4 F3 `An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
# P, J( \. m7 i1 \5 n5 m; S" oThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
: e8 m. K$ K) N& t- ttravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing( Q- S+ v) @+ ~6 O+ Q- S, R
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
" p( c) A7 E) aJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
! @; H+ H; l* T5 W STechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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