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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 * k' m, d& i; d) ]4 \
7 _( j! g6 z v/ w6 shttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106882 N9 x% r2 i# @9 z7 `% T
& f8 r7 c# c' \9 }) S6 O6 [: ^John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
, V, y: t& s6 _$ G9 dYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of9 R6 i( n! D$ w3 x+ }9 k
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.7 ~+ o( \3 r' p @, Z9 @0 r
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
+ h; y3 b+ ?& G5 X7 ]. bFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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& p1 i! q+ B. ?Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
) B! F L1 v, t5 Y2 v+ E% RReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20180 _) |3 C* W8 V! V w+ W2 |) F( n
Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract
! W6 Z! K0 m6 \( E/ N- eJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
! L; |) d+ N& M6 X% FDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
9 C3 N3 r4 X$ u6 ^5 JTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
$ y" K) n: j3 e! bengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
5 O: G7 p- A) t4 X1 t5 Eonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
. j& P7 p: O( S D% b5 r. Sworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly3 I$ c7 G/ d; v7 L; H: R1 S B$ e
to the standardization of the scientific terminology! Z6 w$ @, D4 G5 I$ F p. ]
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
5 B; }- M0 z' }1 W: V, nscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,- ~3 l1 V9 h+ i
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
% {# H3 }+ f4 m' H* Ostandardization of the scientific terminology translation+ S) T4 N. k5 R' l
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
7 \" e$ h7 F- J" j" {: r* ?$ ]8 Rhe established had helped greatly with the popularization
' P! N# E% q9 r7 Oof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring z- X% p) _ g7 C6 ~0 G0 _+ O
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
! d& H+ B; ]6 `% ]6 rfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
' x9 G; }6 K& @. _that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a* N1 @$ e* I! i& K0 H. X
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
6 X* E+ j8 {8 Q& l; z& E8 Dterminology.4 k$ }5 ]+ c+ |
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
r. b! t/ v% \0 ^, h& L. L- _Standardization of terminology translation! a' T6 \& o+ N% g
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to) k5 p0 m3 Z7 j: D5 _
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
) q8 [: D% |, k; E; GChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available: }, [4 h% V ?+ \
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
, g- }. B8 E) X" KDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213* a- a0 J9 U- e1 N% {+ Z' ]. z7 ^9 I
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( g: N7 G, W# y* L8 r6 {( Q, yINTRODUCTION D# x2 |1 i1 @; J/ _
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
5 O$ E! K3 n8 K4 d$ |a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
6 o6 e4 c7 W8 S5 p3 u! KDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
" C: T- [$ K; a- j. U/ B& H% f1 RHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of! L7 [" f. _7 r+ |. M, p" H6 O
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed1 w; I% W: h3 T4 v5 c9 u
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as U1 z5 F* b4 |1 I* t. x( m
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on; O0 ~& ?3 I+ x: \' H: R
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
; O$ ^. D+ Y, j1 O1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific7 B3 v; u/ H; F* E
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
8 `0 \, N0 ~8 [$ Y( QFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
3 D A% ?% r- DNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated9 E2 Q0 I8 T" X4 _. |4 `
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant& S! c& ^- t7 G3 t% p a& n: Q
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,, Y* l! b8 n: m. N% U8 q6 [
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
) Y8 g. ~0 y, C' Q6 JFryer translated more than one hundred of Western
' i) w7 J7 v8 |2 Tbooks that made him the most productive one among the
8 C; O3 l R. u$ Z9 v8 x: u( Dforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,+ v8 A5 V, |8 c6 ]! J
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a" N3 w9 i# ^- P! x1 a& N
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
* |: i& r/ d& _- I2 Rpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
2 m. V% `% [. E- X6 [ r) D% tIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer7 A, V: n4 S, t, x9 l; C- C2 h5 l
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western1 ?( k* u9 I) e! B7 W8 ?
science and the standardization of translated scientific4 B, r6 d/ e( g" A3 K9 e) A4 J
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
* ^; D1 Q5 c( C) U t) a1 |magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the4 w* @7 j( ~6 E) c6 t
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another, l8 V9 D y, R5 q! v8 Q% w+ _
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
M g2 S* B. f7 ]; Pof chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in: i, c& `* m" _( R5 b
Modern China.
) }# M+ }% L0 Y4 H6 P( H7 KAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
+ b1 o+ D& [! z0 sThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
5 U1 Q, {! U, P4 u% O9 Ztravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing; W# y( X0 {8 h& K4 A v) t4 h
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
4 T2 L! H1 }2 _9 HJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
7 i8 D O7 J; V9 aTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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