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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 ) V" I _1 t0 N
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688) N: k- x+ H* i
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China5 I9 g p, O! O: A8 p+ Q! {
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
8 S' j6 |9 ^ aFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.) n; x6 N: d U! }
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
* ?& {; @' y; `* t+ y$ S6 gFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.1 m8 p7 y' e4 F V2 ?
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .+ O8 y: ~( k) G# r3 G( |% p
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
$ h/ Y3 Z' B# D4 B: r) ]Published online 26 January 2018+ ^+ l: g* }6 O( H, Q$ f m* ~
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Abstract
k8 G. ]/ d6 Z' s5 CJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
. i( n: |0 f. w6 SDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
8 o* R' O* q) s$ z4 v7 J QTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
9 o1 ]/ |7 D& Y) cengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not1 ]; d- z, n) H: N
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
7 s0 c t H8 x* w- l! gworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly2 Z' }8 X4 i8 f
to the standardization of the scientific terminology+ x4 ?5 Z: E2 X( M0 U. F
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s V, x: A6 [3 Q2 X) z
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,# Z% k2 ~( V4 {- ~# i" ]' k
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
. c' [( m% m: y9 Q/ ^! t4 Gstandardization of the scientific terminology translation @4 r) d; Q6 y
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien# d& c/ d6 L) E
he established had helped greatly with the popularization$ r, B: J9 }* v4 Y+ {8 d" k* t
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring; C7 p0 \3 g! f* I
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
4 R; z, T( L9 e% E/ pfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and! t: z& k' t! k/ g. M8 U
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
/ j6 U7 t0 A3 ~5 \4 j5 a& I, i7 f+ Hgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific! l' ?% A+ h2 q6 N
terminology.
" r" F4 L$ q, P4 |; ~( O. f4 zKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;! L" X; D; c: v8 k
Standardization of terminology translation3 a: Y$ k, @1 L9 ~ K4 Q
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
- x- z. h$ [0 o4 lStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
: S% H- T, J( y2 bChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
/ @0 X' A# x) X" j6 Tfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102130 ^9 j4 _5 U, X+ w# N
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION% v- W+ {# u3 x
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
3 q$ K& i- S& [" E) J* Ka great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).: Y; t! r, t4 U
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to/ X: S) `" a' c& C8 J$ f
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
" E1 j5 N, g j" T% Z$ ~St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed/ G% M) k' t- U5 A7 {& _
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as2 ] m0 i1 y/ v Y
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
$ ^' u3 w. u$ ?. ^- j4 Nhis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
/ I0 e& \! @( T m3 c1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
6 D% e" _5 |3 I# V# dworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,2 ]/ m4 V3 l) _, z$ {
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
* `$ _! P. b8 F+ W RNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
0 [$ r% H4 {: X) Q. {) Rto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
( A# b0 b7 L, j3 l3 G; bwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,! H2 d! }, a% w! a3 R7 [# T
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,3 P I3 f; `: P# _% ^" ?
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western$ c' G$ X; S% @: h
books that made him the most productive one among the
+ j' N% f) \! W2 ~* R( x) U6 Hforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,: H, c/ ]0 @8 I$ m/ C" W ~
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a* |6 V) _* `2 d- \' A- J
noble work which could help accelerate the process of4 A) \8 u( x6 W J' s
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83). `& _8 a5 l( @6 P# y+ W
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
$ @4 {9 K+ k5 d. ~also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
% {5 S* E* O$ @! }; |3 [* C& Iscience and the standardization of translated scientific4 d- B+ j" m. m t! w* |& I) b6 a" i
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific, o* l) t% n8 F: _! S6 o
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
5 u( }7 {7 A- |establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
4 d6 P% G' X- `6 f7 Scontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series% @+ h1 {& o6 U& q2 v
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in1 x n* |. ^- r. Y" u
Modern China.# @* b0 T7 F' g. k3 a: n" K
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
! \1 ?8 F! f& j3 O8 w! D1 k; LThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of0 ^4 [. T2 q Q
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
' M' J) ^5 A9 w' `a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
7 R! v+ O5 W0 n& j. B7 }, r- sJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and* h+ c+ }- s" E( y, N' ]
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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