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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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4 q! V$ \) V8 P# A* Hhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106883 A( i9 W8 B! }: J. T6 s
2 B% } q4 E( q5 k; sJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China1 _7 g) ^3 c: [# B5 b9 h: W
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of+ S' q$ k P/ _ ^, r! M
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.$ m o' L& ?: D2 Q/ L9 S( a& I2 Z
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of4 V! y$ w, o( r) m% _( a# M
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
! z+ b: g! y! L9 q( J; [8 P+ v8 w, j* |3 W+ `
Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .
' @5 I' E/ l$ T/ C- Z' \) dReceived 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
4 \3 p9 p# N; ?. ?( ?Published online 26 January 2018! z# B5 s6 }4 c% x8 k# `
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: F+ \' m3 } A2 MAbstract3 N& x6 B0 X% t) Z
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
/ t( v# o0 B XDynasty who came to China and was employed by The) D/ ]5 K1 o- Z& w2 ^- c- N
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
/ b; ?, O: U3 b, Q6 Yengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not0 d2 \0 W! C5 D' T
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
) }5 I! ]" v" Q8 z0 Bworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
5 l% T( k0 r7 m- D' q( g, gto the standardization of the scientific terminology
' U6 t, f* w: x5 R/ x4 x* T* Ltranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
( L3 B. X( |/ b+ |! U5 _scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
8 Q" m+ S# Q l- [! Kand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the/ I3 c2 S" H& W/ }5 g' r( m( v
standardization of the scientific terminology translation
~/ l( \0 e" M9 Iin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
, y4 Y4 W! `. k6 K, z5 ~he established had helped greatly with the popularization
, n. R2 p/ @$ Aof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring, I2 u! _% y+ \+ m: X2 b
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way9 M" \1 t9 e: j$ D/ R
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
( S5 \) Q$ h) c8 `that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
! H& S' |' C" R Tgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
2 L. R7 g; [3 P! [terminology., y3 F) q# R$ _+ e" o
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
/ i6 ?# B6 B! E6 OStandardization of terminology translation
2 h" c F4 h4 _+ E; `$ C1 [Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
. q6 Z! P: w- D+ i4 m0 B IStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern2 p! q- U) B+ t" [6 j$ o: E
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
6 z3 ]3 Q9 Z \7 A5 j8 Ifrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213# q! {# o# V0 V% C/ t
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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( ^0 d: J1 ?5 U6 BINTRODUCTION5 G6 Z7 ]3 N5 h. L0 J: l! L ^
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
$ V8 w4 Q& u. u, c' z- u/ s! Ka great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
+ y0 Q+ I H* U! W* XDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to8 }7 A) H3 L% s1 p. b2 v
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of# ^2 n7 G# b$ v; L: G7 `
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed7 i0 I7 G! [( |* e+ }* o
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
! G$ z9 `7 p8 aan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on' z3 G T$ _ J- x! S8 T- z
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
3 |( Y* t, h, m" q$ M1 C6 L6 n1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
. R5 v7 I; d) F3 `3 ?; hworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
' n9 h: R6 c! C vFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.( [- M' f( S9 ? V' N( r. }+ C
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
0 `( L6 Y( s& L% cto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
! Z- R, B; N) _would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
5 R4 Z3 J8 S# o- |' h# Crevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
$ ?/ J5 h3 B* y K: ]Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western% O# j6 f' C3 a( A1 N
books that made him the most productive one among the
! B; z! s( h3 w* F- g& pforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
/ k+ D9 t0 S: b8 [, @: H3 ]translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a e5 ^; r. |; W) f5 N6 q8 L3 w% l) ]3 G
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
' A8 Z2 c$ ^2 ~' Rpeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
6 j( T( m- R% B4 ^/ ?* ~6 JIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
K0 S* m, r' h: Kalso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western) [2 V3 A3 a# j! c: [( w* v0 l
science and the standardization of translated scientific
& m- v n. z# W% aterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific Z8 F! T) d L# B9 c9 U6 {
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the5 b* R, q7 ^5 p% i3 t S, Z
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
3 T/ B9 a' P. K. Ncontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series/ l' C5 E) b7 l
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in2 o8 F) H3 d1 `" T% j: w
Modern China.
1 V, `. u3 I* J# y4 g9 zAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
7 V' i/ Z# C" ~6 {& M9 @The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
; f) s* O) l+ B, a+ Otravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
8 O7 ^ y3 k% Z6 n; ka lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In0 W; ^4 Z: _! d8 x1 E
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
x F2 T" ?8 ETechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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