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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 ( c. {7 ~6 j* y& z* Q
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
: Q [2 @0 i) q3 a' S! l. eYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of# Q- L0 [* I6 ]3 |! J! h' }& g3 J
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.$ x' i9 t' i1 z% x* {9 W
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
7 N) a: O6 C' x( O- H3 W, d+ O* a1 NFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.! h# o3 c4 _; J9 a+ L n
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .0 i( Y& S1 R. B" x3 V% ?+ Z4 _( n
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018& _( X7 K, g. {: t0 l
Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract! |$ [' Y+ q7 g
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing m4 w/ Q6 G2 Q2 b$ x3 |+ G. l
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The
; t9 T! g4 F3 T8 BTranslation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been3 w$ y( s" Y4 z# l$ Z1 D
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not6 g- O1 a! v& Q. f$ V" }% P6 h
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
! Y, N; _) D0 Q+ ?. o! Q$ s% z3 xworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
; @5 u7 G2 d2 M# z! M1 Q, [- A2 sto the standardization of the scientific terminology
; v* G& }6 Q8 ?" q* s8 Ntranslation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s9 \3 @" l+ T; q& F+ K# A' H
scientific translation practice and his translation ideas,& B- H" S! R' }: O1 ~2 P ?
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
* \% R9 m0 U; F e- M- Sstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
5 _- w- i; S& ]5 \9 ~in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien, q. G0 N! r5 {/ u5 E/ O6 R
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
) _2 }3 z M9 d. d5 Q2 j# s% C1 @of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
) J3 P+ O2 I- d& k0 Uthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way4 y. i2 o/ b9 A
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
1 c* P8 \. [% ]. Gthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
% l% s! |. ?" s2 @great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
$ g" m& g3 M6 H# Sterminology.
9 Q/ a2 G) t. ^2 yKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
" R$ {! l6 d$ g7 @" }Standardization of terminology translation
! T E: L( e" W7 e2 o- s# v& ?Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to4 w" e9 n; P7 j* N
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern
$ x0 z" K* t. N' f R' JChina. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
6 u/ Q& ~) |5 [: s3 C( c" Ufrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
2 w; I; x+ o- nDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213/ ?. [" J8 Y3 r5 t
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8 |+ n$ ?% c# H" }$ CINTRODUCTION
$ S- i# L! n% A) q5 D$ L7 w% WJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
; R9 h$ g: E0 ja great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
8 q# ?( g: V6 r1 a8 e' w: pDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
9 J! `/ B6 x* X0 n g: A) \" rHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
( P p. B" I' j, sSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed- O( D+ ?" Q k# k) W
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as- v' [2 p( d2 r- x# }6 U
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on
5 X }$ d9 G7 [6 ehis job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-" V- Q4 A. _3 x- L/ X# b3 @- w
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
- p% w2 ]0 Q0 e; q8 G' oworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
" x; |5 X- f% h- O. o- H4 eFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.2 c0 Y& _" G9 c' v
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
% z. E% A/ V; T( N! E$ c% P+ `3 kto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant) l5 g$ U: i D: m8 n$ ?; k0 T* w
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,/ v* c b' f) P2 h6 F- T6 j
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
( q7 T2 s. W& l2 R, B s2 XFryer translated more than one hundred of Western
/ V h( n$ S! Z; W& ?books that made him the most productive one among the
|1 Y1 S2 ~& z% @ B$ z [+ Oforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,- k5 r# t0 ~0 U, s+ A: @
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
6 N* M1 {* P/ k9 anoble work which could help accelerate the process of: U: G2 G( ]8 \+ H; z( Y
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).8 w4 a7 n1 @* X! W; |: e
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer* f6 H, [! h H3 V/ E, K P
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western+ i7 r4 R4 r( x% @4 \
science and the standardization of translated scientific2 q/ }3 w* ]9 z
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific$ B0 d% L# X& @+ U5 r& p' [6 a
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the" Z6 v; Y4 h) L L; ^' e
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another5 Z3 |# }" r+ ?6 m1 M8 L* q9 G/ A" H: m
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series. W: O5 R- U. P2 I" l; W! B
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in- Z1 \ U a4 \
Modern China.
, b1 B0 L4 v8 l: ?% Q+ J3 VAn American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
4 L. f4 l" S* M N* S, HThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of/ x/ }6 w3 S3 d i1 i: u
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing5 [ A" L* E* w' I; S3 m
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
' e4 x x1 }1 a( f2 PJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and% x, s! Q' Q* V. @8 C. }/ ]5 {
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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