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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 $ h, g: ?3 j5 L% @) w! g8 a1 }
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688; n4 k7 X7 _+ B
& q0 ?4 ^/ Y: k% C1 zJohn Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
; g& ]5 t5 v4 G$ L0 G# r2 G- X' K2 v1 cYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of4 K. ]% A! [( i" R) ^1 F5 v8 T
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.8 M4 U: J. d( R6 [" \
9 R+ y- v0 o1 I3 k) K/ f. ^( s. j
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of W4 Y& b# n( I! \, v+ x2 l6 X
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.2 X" Q4 s w8 g+ E! T
. ~2 C7 G, V0 E W9 ^Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .: N4 U9 O# r8 S) Q
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
" `5 U9 }2 j0 b4 B8 P0 K# ?Published online 26 January 2018
# o+ P( D4 X6 c) J: N: _/ G9 \# s8 B% e8 m
1 [ O+ _3 P! BAbstract
1 ^3 V( a) X" k( BJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
q; n6 [7 Y W J qDynasty who came to China and was employed by The: P$ E; g4 ^( [
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
5 O6 z+ z1 N5 fengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
3 `4 V9 M) A4 l4 x( {' monly having translated a great deal of Western scientific- c, y9 b. X) U
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly% i' P6 z0 y0 r9 C; x
to the standardization of the scientific terminology) Z$ p9 `1 r- Z" C) [' m
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
) f5 g1 I* l' uscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
P F6 Y: T! qand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
! g- i* B/ \; k3 W/ a" v5 k9 sstandardization of the scientific terminology translation m+ j& q/ S; p2 W6 M8 t) M2 ?+ S
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
# m1 R7 w# y( P; xhe established had helped greatly with the popularization
6 U) E0 `" A! r5 b3 T5 A, }of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring2 A" P7 I$ ~, f$ [
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
/ Q9 i! _+ ]8 \8 Dfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and2 x: {! ^ L4 E' A q
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a2 s3 C8 N7 B+ X& R7 |- y j) ]: e
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific' W' r9 L+ N+ d7 [ h( D" Q5 Y
terminology.% n# N, G \4 Y1 i) e% G1 w
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
; y" q* f1 E3 }+ K. m5 z* CStandardization of terminology translation
% [3 x+ K) m3 L6 N" s! T% a2 [Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
) C! X3 ` J+ V- E# ]7 d; GStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern4 v! C) o$ V( b$ k6 q
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available6 F" G+ g! |( o. v4 u1 W
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213
W8 m6 H! c! m0 ^ JDOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102130 ~/ P+ h9 ^/ V" n
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INTRODUCTION
, ?* N" x, Y# A, b& pJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
. e; R$ U; |- j$ M& v. d6 B/ W5 Ga great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
2 k5 g9 C* _, M! P# z( {5 U6 DDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
% V- |' S+ o: C* U. T5 J J4 VHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
% }: ?: Q9 S& Q; \+ d8 H USt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
$ F" h7 _" ?5 N- Y" V* o/ X0 `by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as, P' ^1 b- f; o1 B- \8 l1 g- z( N
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on( M* A5 h$ I; F/ o* R( q1 E
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-. T5 y2 n3 h& Q
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific0 e6 l ]5 Y5 I* S* Z
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
8 {. s. _9 }: ~8 s# \1 SFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.$ {" z# v& w, F4 O/ `. L/ y
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
v0 D7 v# V: a6 |8 j7 fto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant% u8 p5 g1 a7 s' M5 g
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,/ I* @/ v" U! ]& v C0 @
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
- p: z: ~, Q0 I3 A" h' OFryer translated more than one hundred of Western/ R F+ |% A% r, N% F) D. a8 U
books that made him the most productive one among the; d5 K9 Y& c- k
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,7 k$ J4 b+ h0 ^' L
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a
% p' z; h& a- Mnoble work which could help accelerate the process of E$ \. E, y* f p$ v! Q0 i; m! M6 c
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
3 b7 }* s, [4 e( h! j$ RIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
; \4 |/ m# i. k# x" Salso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western6 d# |' B7 \0 n- ]1 B9 F
science and the standardization of translated scientific5 A2 {' k3 G# W0 @8 E, g$ M
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific9 w1 j7 q% {" m& U
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
8 Q' a% ~8 T1 `- Eestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
6 g8 l) Z* F* B1 Y! fcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series+ Z$ j. m5 ?# A( \% w
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
8 X1 U' U. h. s' k YModern China.: K. E+ `) v8 P! O
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
" ]0 ]9 W* J. \# I7 |The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of% h: P! a6 S0 x+ n* [
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
2 A% @: M8 f( f: W( ]8 Q+ ba lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
3 j$ D0 [+ K% { [John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
) E$ q7 z, P6 {Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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