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How to figure a home's fundamental value9 w, E" w# h# ~4 v1 ]$ ~
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.2 `+ ^$ @+ Q: K$ q
: f3 X& i% P0 p0 `& }/ a6 bNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.* f# Q" Q, w8 u# H: M
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Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.* l& f" O3 Q/ u* M2 p- f
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:
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In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.
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7 o% }- K- W5 N8 }+ b& b1 ^San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.3 F! y8 r9 i5 _! O! Q
San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
+ l: |& V2 o5 r, y9 cNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
; p8 _1 j5 d# D3 h, G4 oYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. $ j, g8 _8 J0 c/ E; D
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If home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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% s2 `1 Z, h2 U6 PIf home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.0 a: a! ^ l+ j* j0 a9 a t& w
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Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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\5 K/ O5 |3 q5 q1 L3 i3 v [. CBoston 20.5 30.2
$ u. w( L t9 \# N+ @, i* ?- z9 ySan Diego 22.8 29.7 + N- |& L# Z+ t
San Francisco 23.8 27.2
7 `+ V8 D. b# S; GLos Angeles 21.3 25.6
$ y! r6 z% [9 h7 o2 B3 _Seattle 20.4 25 G3 o8 O1 ]: I V/ m
Denver 17.7 23.7
) |# R B% j0 O0 v x6 o( qNew York 21.2 22.5 : r; F, D2 t7 M: s m/ `
Chicago 17.2 20.8 P1 e9 e+ C6 }
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.- F/ [2 n- `1 s3 ~5 ~ ^
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! e3 {$ Y2 q2 iFrom: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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