 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
How to figure a home's fundamental value' J% u1 K# h M. W* R
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.0 K3 L" @; j1 n! V
- ~* x( C4 `- u3 A/ \7 X u' zNot everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.
; ^! ^) U( d6 \$ E1 d
: B; j8 D; C" R/ }- O* qLeamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.7 ?# g* b, Q' Y- D
( d6 y1 k. a8 T. q
To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:- ]. P' d" G! t4 V2 \1 {+ w
2 e2 ^& T+ V* v5 {0 {! d8 R( \+ L$ {
In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988.$ b. }+ L- }; b4 x* E4 g
0 E, M* x. T4 R$ H: v& O0 z! W
San Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.5 K* w6 j. n8 g& B1 s
San Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.
a) c5 i7 }+ b* O. E# V- kNew York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.
~# f) a% {- D0 OYou don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble.
6 a& i# s4 Q6 h0 J' ?/ ]9 h
4 p0 q [( o+ B& w$ BIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.0 w. Z- a" ]/ Y8 o b
3 K/ U7 A$ G8 t6 T2 q- Z0 [If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.- D2 ~* L8 m; J$ i' F) X; N! q2 k
, y& c6 Z) @& S" A. n: ~ ^7 L7 B Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas ' x2 ~4 j- X, H; ~: p$ Y+ Q
Avg. 1988-2000 2001
7 _& _6 u. S: C* k% wBoston 20.5 30.2
0 Q8 m8 T+ y* E, C1 s' \! bSan Diego 22.8 29.7 ' z! T1 I: \8 ~! I: X
San Francisco 23.8 27.2 % H k- h) ~1 L- W( ~, X* L5 u
Los Angeles 21.3 25.6 5 i+ f" m# b4 d
Seattle 20.4 25
M# k5 k7 C4 g8 J/ {$ f' Y9 ]6 ]/ iDenver 17.7 23.7 3 E* ^, V0 T, m( U
New York 21.2 22.5
- Y @- X) z, S( JChicago 17.2 20.8 7 W( F0 ]5 ` W3 Z% ~$ y* ]( L
Washington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
1 g# a' @' o4 j
# q+ j* c/ ]: X. }9 t1 h( o& B7 J' w o
7 f( _: W; r$ B& Y
It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
; [$ S( [7 P9 W7 v5 V6 `, O% z' E$ W$ E* _3 L! X D
; c5 A5 G, M0 G' t, ^0 \ e% u
From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
|