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谈英语俚语/ ], l8 K% w0 x# W" R7 ^) H
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2 H8 c: [7 O! w, Z2 G在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯. c8 ~/ w- l- g
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。3 X4 U' f9 x6 n$ a: K: A# }5 V) K
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!% n+ a) Q1 u' o
' F: [- ~% a8 `% C(1) empty suit:. Y! |! V) m; A. v
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
9 e3 {8 ~- S# w5 f(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)* A3 K$ Y4 }. r; o& v+ e
例如: B- Q9 J4 o- {8 k
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public./ E8 ~/ X. c. w& c/ K
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
: S- U% q4 q( O1 G6 P& `Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
2 @, {% } Y' x' G(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
. m3 v4 G8 t" ?) e3 }' t) b虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:7 I6 ~2 L& `5 A4 y
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.+ i# c% L* ^: {2 e# K
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
0 r" q: a% r u& \# v(2) fair-haired boy:
" A& k0 R' K2 n4 o7 a指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
; r! {! H5 i) J# m! r(通常用单数,当名词用)
% T* [: B' X- @/ ?+ O) Y3 q. L) }例如:
8 k* y0 a. M# T1 o Z9 OMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
# G+ {* o" S' g8 i. T: h9 W( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。); ?) k+ R( i+ ^6 c; } V
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.. o/ C7 o" k8 s' o* y
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)! i, a# g1 o8 }, ]
有时也可用复数:
# m- K0 y \; `* q8 Q! E \3 b3 jMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.4 |+ ?* b7 k; Z# O7 e) E9 I3 }+ d
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。) d: T8 J$ a4 W) E# r" T( G
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses., v$ u7 N( ^& {' _) B
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
* {: t9 J8 [( H" X2 m" [0 l: L(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
3 n) G+ C, ^* l* e( t8 ](3) fishing expedition:! Y8 |9 o# Z9 _) j
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)5 {4 }# S9 y( j. E+ I0 b
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)& p( w7 }- B9 y0 L2 j
例如:
; t0 W0 c/ D6 \- rThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
& {$ }$ N0 E* I/ I(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
2 W% M( p5 y+ C _The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
0 o9 B4 G7 q, j! B9 V: p% D J0 P(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
$ ?5 V N% P$ W& ^% E) i(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
& l" m) _% I/ Z# rThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
$ J- F- @ N+ j& M+ q(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
4 o" @& Y+ ~( C# e) O偶尔也有人用复数:
. y% Z- m5 |. s, ^Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.# }1 F8 V- M: X
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
( U% B& p% E$ M7 K) ^# Q' k& \(4) filthy rich:
3 V: n1 K( U% }' a2 D8 ^6 j g4 Z4 [意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy): b! ?" { W3 h; ?+ K5 o- R2 k
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
/ K! L: p' a: [/ \ {: h7 }多半当形容词用。例如:
- X1 B0 V# H3 W- N) U: s' [With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
& Y" a- t$ n: E s" J( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
7 @+ F/ k, y6 A+ h- V: mDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.$ H- |9 ^7 \+ T T" Y
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)# F& g/ r3 A; @( r) v, ~% x. r
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.$ C4 a' t9 w/ U9 C7 a
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
' f% \% D2 \9 ?- c1 b- \Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
5 a0 M7 _! _* {& i(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。): R9 Z9 D% L# `: r* T5 v
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
* t. |( k V5 [7 L(5) fairy godmother:+ y. y; D& x0 ?3 @
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
; f5 Y) j* e. V/ g(多半指有钱的女人)3 S1 s; d7 Q2 q2 b* Q
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:$ H9 p d* C, C* j* K
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
) ^$ p# b) D7 Y* J(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
N, `- ^2 q* YAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.) ^( h5 y5 Q. R$ Y8 G: u# T+ c
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)% n3 F( N% l- p5 N) }9 r7 C" `
有时也用复数:
. \+ P8 \$ J, o B9 J( {8 LOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
2 u; |6 f% q, [. `% ?. g- Z(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)
0 X1 Z6 D) t ?1 I- w0 K( BIn Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
; d0 u, O; F! M" b(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)! _( B( C: ]* s2 B
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6)eye opener:; ^( u- B, T7 p8 C+ m, L
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)0 O( y4 g# Q# |7 E
(当名词用;通常只用单数)3 c( a% a" A: Q+ ^( U
例如:+ \5 L; F1 B1 E+ u& R3 k
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.6 @" ?/ v' {& Q Q# @
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)8 N0 L, k' X/ m i9 i" S
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener. j" E0 @2 r& p* F1 `$ o g
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
' R# X/ q6 d9 K# b" DThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.- h, C9 S: G% }3 c: Q
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。) h" n$ b3 ~+ A+ z' r* ?
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.$ v$ ]$ f( F2 }: r0 @
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
" f% ]4 i1 A$ w, v( r, E(7) hot dog:
' U5 o9 A! g; M指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)* j8 N( w6 u( P5 v2 E) v+ q! d
例如:
; Z% ?* s4 h. z5 r" B- j" ISome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.4 ~3 @, X. ^+ U. h
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)3 U' ]% a9 y+ d1 W! T; c
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
8 u) @: z) O' z$ T: R* a2 {In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
& w+ s( \- R: e' |4 g(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
- z7 q7 I* h q6 c(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
" n3 g+ L% f) s: W9 q. [0 D. XDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
E6 P/ k" j, ~0 ]( L! Z(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
! \: L! `, Q3 o# R也指真正的热狗食物:
. }& X. b( d8 `0 `* HThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.: p- n+ E( [: H8 c8 E" ?; ?
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)* j- M" I6 R& P$ { q
也可表达欣赏的心情:8 D- F2 x) A2 z: g+ O& m
Hot dog ! What great news for me.- `* Y, d# Y$ R0 [. |# l9 y
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。): i1 s5 o' E" n- u& g
(8)eager beaver:' a1 h' A& a; ]. n% U
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others). I! Y' z/ t2 i) K" D
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。); i. t! _+ E; m4 Q H, {
(当名词用,可指男女)5 }- l2 T4 x/ K3 O" [
例如:8 e6 C+ T! ?6 [4 c$ [* }
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.; s$ S( R' C; z! t7 Y: n
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
( h1 f5 ~+ d# v4 FBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
! b0 ]: g' i9 f9 N' d1 b(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
/ s Q# b* o; b- o0 X0 O! _Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
2 }+ f: p2 `: r; u% E \; |: i1 W7 `(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)) d: i: \+ K+ E2 w* V0 z: m) T: J
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.; H9 D8 ^) M2 A5 ]7 R' s, E1 k ^
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
4 U# d0 ]2 m9 l4 o2 G' z9 I3 ?(9)doubting Thomas:2 Y; D: C1 B7 q" m0 ?. Z" l
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)* q- Z$ w6 N! D7 v- @2 l
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
' v# {8 ?5 C' J: z. v8 f' J(当名词用)
" z( `7 U$ W3 O; B ^! [; t$ j1 w例如:
* w1 N2 o7 D4 P2 RI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.3 K3 z, T5 `, v
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)0 t9 d) n2 [: M" H
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.% r9 Y* Z5 d" d" v
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)) S# W4 M z. ?. Q3 N
也可用复数:1 `' P( u5 |- K/ ^5 G( b
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
7 F8 F6 q, w5 d$ g: w9 {/ a$ t! z/ ]; `/ h(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。), b; K) `; \1 P8 c% O# b
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.! f6 @) S. R- Y4 n6 {2 k% K7 B
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)1 w' q6 p- S% K' A. e% x6 W
(10)dragon lady:
& {1 |5 R& o5 }" x; W I# ^9 D+ {& S指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)9 l9 D* K4 Y. A# L) g8 U
例如:* {% w' A8 a9 }$ Y4 Q6 a
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.! E0 L( C6 ~ Q" |! U# @. D
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)( d% Q" e4 a9 V0 \! h
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.% R6 K/ A2 E$ m2 e! a
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。). z( W* V0 M1 Z( d( U2 X" I6 A2 W
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her? L! H; t, B& \1 q
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
7 e/ \' L# }. h: F' o( k也可用复数:
- ?: k$ e- o' b5 M2 n# V9 mThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
( c8 e0 g* ^# ?! _2 c0 [(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
, c; B4 C' d' m6 q) \注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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