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谈英语俚语6 R' Y+ J6 o& ~" S- N( |% d2 E
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$ W3 P. |& L3 X- E, ~9 @' O; Q在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯- Y6 P3 i+ |3 D# V" g/ D3 k# z, ~
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。# {+ b! U4 C* ]% \/ v, F3 F2 Y$ f
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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(1) empty suit:- t @( e, _1 C1 Q% R$ I
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。% T% h4 U8 f* j! z. }# R
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)* @% S9 T9 }+ L% y( U
例如:4 l, d% ^* _" M1 t6 i% _: I
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.5 Z- q- f; H0 Q7 w [) m
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)3 G0 f; p& f& H
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.# T* p3 C1 B; b; ^3 {
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)# n$ j/ ~& x& }% N$ t8 v5 c$ ?* ?
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:3 E0 G- s) u m1 w5 @
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
) } h% F+ U1 _* C, f* [0 F2 k(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)0 c* g. @) F2 E; q1 L0 [
(2) fair-haired boy:
7 g* m; B2 w* y" Q指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)2 ]! y8 o# v* }! G$ a' U2 _9 a' o# ?
(通常用单数,当名词用)% A. H& Y& _1 X+ i+ N
例如:
( @; C6 ?% |% {7 d0 vMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.: x2 ]* o" C4 f: {: C
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
0 z0 |, Z& n- q5 k' y1 |Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
p0 j$ _( a0 d% U; Q(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)/ w0 J/ q: [* p/ o* |& D
有时也可用复数:
1 W- L. ?9 n/ K, }1 W+ kMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.5 y/ z6 R2 p- J! s. ^' ^$ C
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)& r4 ?6 ~7 T3 a7 r7 g( R4 w; w- v
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.' X9 a: O6 N/ Q `9 b# m7 x# H
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
6 G8 G# H; E; {$ P$ i) [3 D9 h(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法), Y0 u- r, J1 y" c* S9 X; i
(3) fishing expedition:
: Y6 H# p% ~4 r# h4 M为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)8 Z- v4 `% u! a& d' Q) k- C9 n
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数). f6 d4 d B. \8 w( q* V
例如:
$ Z: K4 Y! Q* q ]' }6 h! Q- ZThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
- U; y# _+ u4 f% o8 N# x, m(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)" \& p4 V2 f- B# f: u
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.9 P! |, l' o$ a! D3 e. F! E: M; q
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)9 P: ]% y- w$ X) a: F
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict): b' g" D5 v9 ^3 L) `" N
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.( b! V7 p" V0 f: z2 V+ W
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)4 z8 Z- n0 g4 E8 d$ O
偶尔也有人用复数:
. b4 B' Q; a/ x3 u" @' n: ASeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.3 ~) d3 S; `' j
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。) `% j+ U# X s i/ _3 Q
(4) filthy rich:
$ I7 y, w+ {2 J3 K! {意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy): l) B, {8 v0 G7 x0 d0 E% _
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
' n8 H2 {. G$ x) H0 g多半当形容词用。例如:1 t' R% v1 c5 X+ P8 j
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.( X3 V7 R( u1 o8 @6 q" ~! k
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
# c, n4 J) O0 o$ ~. B f3 C) VDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
/ p6 ]3 _3 y o(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
V- b+ J/ ]0 tA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.2 D7 |! o% Z$ z7 B
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)( I# V+ o/ J4 O% L; D5 g3 B
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
0 @# @9 ?7 C: x& F(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)* _: Z% O' q/ } _
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
/ w9 q0 {+ I; k(5) fairy godmother:7 p( m. E7 P4 |/ V, u- H5 S
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
5 t6 |, ~) d5 w" T/ n( o(多半指有钱的女人)
. B/ G, Z7 k7 p, w(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
K* O2 P/ t! T2 \+ q' e- w: ~, H4 i9 yMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.) ^/ k$ [ C2 N X% ]: w1 w
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)7 M, J. _$ [( _! Y) T
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.7 E5 e4 b5 W4 S) D+ V% ?
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
) n y4 S9 A4 Y) m有时也用复数:5 E) N1 a" I4 ]3 X0 G6 y4 ^6 l1 D
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.6 t1 e9 N g$ U0 ~
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。), S- c9 ^9 }" M. B
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
5 A- {, r- w) ]2 t; _(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)8 u- k# R1 }) e7 l0 E6 L( O
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6)eye opener:
) I! g. x4 y) V指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)- m% G$ R _0 D" _ K- V6 c' ~
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
3 ?( ?9 i5 `9 O7 B1 h例如:
& `: V$ s, f# W% P7 u/ @Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
' G9 P8 Y, e: h* E2 k5 \(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。): [ I% k) |! S# L) Y
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener./ ^! z4 E, }1 m1 \6 |) g
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
# [ c( u. W0 _$ N3 S; OThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
; ]' Z8 {+ H+ n D# H1 W5 Q(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
0 |* @, M* O5 G2 T) OSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.; _ o4 ]+ t' X
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
1 e5 _0 D! [! }5 [(7) hot dog:
' ?3 ^- K# y9 X3 p9 e0 J指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)2 g! x2 k2 P. l! t
例如:
" P/ |, |- e; I4 dSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.- r8 y+ p( \/ ]/ E4 O
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)! |0 f' X5 Y5 u9 U* N5 Y, P, G$ D
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
; x" `9 h* @! r. d9 rIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
S0 k6 g! H/ n. \0 x(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
: [ \6 }8 @4 W }+ ] g(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
% i3 L( j3 H( j- }- p& oDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.& U) q7 I5 T! g7 H5 n, V+ n; Q
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)/ A5 P1 Z- c3 z9 T" B4 g
也指真正的热狗食物:
N/ R' D2 n2 j) U( o1 E0 d& O; E" TThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
5 y5 [3 n/ Q; k! O s4 Q( n(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)- Q1 {7 N: V5 @- t7 P+ D1 E
也可表达欣赏的心情:
4 T6 L& Q) d, P( nHot dog ! What great news for me.
8 _2 n7 R! g0 L) s$ Q5 Y+ h8 g(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)& l5 T4 X7 g9 c: A3 z7 x# h
(8)eager beaver:
* Q& p0 k. A1 C3 g' o指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)& d0 l" p! w2 U- }7 R+ b
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)6 \2 c# a% p; ^- v2 S; t
(当名词用,可指男女)
& J, a2 A9 T. O2 l例如:
+ t/ v) ~/ c. D8 O7 s3 kJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
! V* b# g: @7 J9 L) m& T( o! Y* d(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。), r0 j0 d7 L! W/ G( R* M
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.) ^( F9 r! {& p4 _' {0 \% D
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)4 }. G( a( a# f/ j
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?8 j* S/ [; d$ V* X. ^# D
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
# P9 j8 h! W1 V% M: j6 C9 lYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
* P. x |5 F6 \; I0 |(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。); ]& [% D( c3 z0 G
(9)doubting Thomas:. H. u( {% k2 M% M
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
0 O y0 Z* h& c2 W7 E- g+ v! g(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
" U% y# l- H& {3 ](当名词用)
/ H0 _4 R' O0 y2 \7 h$ E例如:
0 H; U5 S* Y6 }9 s& _. fI am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
. ^& M" q" ?, P; `(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
/ h. k* Y$ k; G% j- H$ w1 _There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.- F% X* ]! }& `8 n7 o
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)& q5 l) Y$ F- y, p% E; {* m
也可用复数:- Z, a/ K. I& M5 N" W4 T& b o9 S+ t \
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.' E. P4 y# I% B6 E: t; D% t. i' `
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)- w. I1 n9 p% o& j1 h/ D6 R
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.- [7 ?7 W( s8 s
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。); g# V2 ]# M( ]1 |
(10)dragon lady:
3 @- b5 y8 a `( `* p: `指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
* W+ p9 X, U( D+ m例如:- F( P7 k0 N% c3 ~, M' c. h
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.: |7 {: n! q$ h7 |/ ?6 r- w
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)/ ]: L' L/ r, W+ d
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.! [3 _3 @9 b+ a0 s3 p, t
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)* T8 J/ h+ O3 }5 B! q: j" s. _7 H
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?& |; G' G& w+ r7 e$ Z4 t: N
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)* ]# [. b u' I& w$ R& t- D
也可用复数:
' d" ^) _5 ?* aThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
- ^1 T* M" x1 x8 [(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)/ Z* I6 T* `* Z; ^- y
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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