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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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9 j4 s5 I' ^, W5 @2 [* G在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
9 m6 l/ q( M- r# b之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
6 Q  x, v/ c& v) M若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!1 R* t3 l' B2 h1 [* a$ _  ?# t

+ Y. X7 h1 z/ W8 P0 l(1) empty suit:" N# @! V. N% U0 M8 R( K
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。. @) o/ L  l5 k
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)& c5 X2 O  I3 N  }# ?' H
例如:; W2 U6 k$ _2 k% a
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public./ Q4 G) E+ Z1 `/ Y' _" C
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
4 x4 E" F; y  ZMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.4 x! Q, A* y- h$ r, g
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。): f2 Q3 d* @. ~& P
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
3 }1 _3 h' G. ~- mThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
" u9 ]  x9 w  R(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)6 i, p6 ?; a% H4 o; P' c
(2) fair-haired boy:
: O' v: D# Z. }" O指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)5 c) \; M; i( ]6 c/ u6 u5 L
(通常用单数,当名词用)
* C3 W! t, T4 M4 Y0 N+ T2 V例如:
* `3 d1 Q1 ?# K3 c/ rMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
3 ~# {9 E8 g8 E( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)5 I0 Y! T6 t4 Z( G8 `! d: |  G
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.$ k8 b8 n) d& l8 h1 w* f0 ]8 u
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)% O9 C" Q; H9 n$ z: n
有时也可用复数:
4 k- M( k/ G: H2 e6 w' v5 }Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.4 l9 ~7 G5 M. Q5 v% F" v! W
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)5 R" j& P! x% h; N9 w& A
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.% n& ^0 J  s4 N1 x( f* L
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)9 r' ?& |7 m1 f9 Z; A8 s' o
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
4 b# w* `" u( Z  p% S) y  l& L(3) fishing expedition:" y1 O  K% t2 m% T# _: h
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
5 P; a! S# N  w' d(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)( Y$ {  t' ?% y- \
例如:
2 V% K; [* N/ B! H5 R0 q; X8 `The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.; A6 G# \3 W2 y. {) a
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)& {. m) c  p! ^
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case./ g  A6 k- e# d% f, b
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
3 U5 k  H( d& _" p9 n% E6 i(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
3 w$ |# G% h) p0 b# l. MThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
' W/ E* y6 z7 h) u8 E) k+ N. p: F9 m(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)8 z2 w( a/ O4 O/ L) F1 F
偶尔也有人用复数:0 W) b, d' b% v3 O" u, D
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.. i2 ^% F/ i$ l, z9 V% V' N
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
! n2 Q+ E  l+ @5 ?5 v(4) filthy rich:, D7 M' |. d8 S7 y" n* f. r
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)2 O& K5 F# R7 e& Y  d+ Q8 u& w5 T
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
$ e. w( T& Y1 l9 u1 q多半当形容词用。例如:
7 p0 y; M! q/ jWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.* F. x. S  r' S4 S2 t0 c
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
% G3 Q2 c' {" ]6 Z, R9 fDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
& C3 l6 c9 M* ?& W# x(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
" b7 u7 W; \$ n$ d7 kA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
2 R3 @7 u+ V7 \% O, j* ]+ F(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)3 F: x' i) V% z& x: U
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
7 C: i, D7 F! p2 O(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
& A+ x: J* Z4 S  u* [9 Q(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
) F  ^4 X: T/ p8 q(5) fairy godmother:
4 M/ k6 m6 H& C4 v# m/ N$ d指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
" W: M; g5 j' x* T' P5 c(多半指有钱的女人)6 f# Y5 Y7 r8 T. }0 f9 |8 e3 [* a
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
2 K  y* u: n3 i2 RMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.# x% n( S! H# Z. \$ n% C4 X
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
0 G8 Y; k4 H$ p& q! XAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
" S' @% m; Y% c4 N- y) ?(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)  X7 R- ?3 P6 Z% P: U
有时也用复数:! M: [7 {5 M7 f% \* R% }7 C
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
+ u% a' S* p# ^2 I(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)- `$ b3 j* M+ m/ s1 u
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.% p! e) ]! M. Y4 F( G" y
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)) Y' W+ r3 a- [7 w
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6)eye opener:
0 g3 n1 Y. X$ v指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
3 @  g  k7 ^1 E* I# F: C(当名词用;通常只用单数)$ C' ?4 s6 \$ ]3 ]
例如:
- c$ y/ }& i( w7 X% k8 b% J/ Y! nYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.& r6 r$ K0 p$ A1 Y2 `
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)7 w$ M) U6 k. F" w! q
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.  G7 S; V0 }+ Q/ z
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
7 ~3 B/ B; D6 `8 _! {# A* yThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
! t( J( e) c( O+ ?0 R( w9 y(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
- h' X8 X) R0 P+ v: P$ LSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.! n! e! {8 `$ y' @) I$ u0 ]9 Z5 H
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
& j$ i6 Y  g* ?7 k2 @(7) hot dog:0 H2 |6 m, p' m  E* D
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
! o' w9 t4 H4 c( U6 o$ R2 F( y5 ]例如:
* N% k2 C1 y0 i. J' s, b1 L/ u, ESome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.* A- u1 q* q/ J; J
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
; C6 r5 }7 S2 A) Y4 P(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
2 K: \# s+ J9 WIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.; s  e' `( B1 K  R3 Y0 C: T
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)7 s0 X- n( b" s6 I1 s
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
% m& u  s: z) qDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
/ r) ]& `1 B) @( N4 S1 k(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)7 P' q; w: d7 M  ]
也指真正的热狗食物:
/ u' ]& y) v2 _8 i9 HThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.+ J& X9 I* K9 `5 B  ]4 C5 h5 C
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
8 O- K! |% g3 W3 e也可表达欣赏的心情:
) E/ C! z0 M. w0 Q( zHot dog ! What great news for me.7 p( ~; ?$ G8 ?# L2 R
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
# g8 ]& ^3 I! u; z(8)eager beaver:
- i. R1 _( k5 R6 L指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
- R5 r5 y, r& D5 c! [1 e(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)2 ~% q9 q% B$ p, q2 t4 |
(当名词用,可指男女)- f* w: A% A+ W! e7 l0 v+ m) H
例如:* D! e% ~6 Q' O! L2 I
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
2 h$ _2 f6 s7 @9 ^2 c(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
2 G! @) ?8 D+ Y/ A2 S- A. IBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
! a! g5 |) |7 f0 {! Y! C, U+ j(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
; \! D% L- R' j6 Y! i" ?( sDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?/ i- x0 w* p  O
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)4 j; n5 P. Y# C' k( e
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
% o/ G) k2 s: \# p(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
; S' \+ p! t# A& j& [(9)doubting Thomas:7 u: {% C8 ]/ N8 e# E: R
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)( o6 Q5 y! b! U. ]$ [- C- E
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活), r- m7 d: H0 {
(当名词用)
+ g3 t1 }* O/ z" C& I3 N, ]例如:* T; P1 G7 }8 z$ G5 w6 F7 E
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.' Q# h5 M. [% x$ H( h
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
) u! A( n" H6 t" w7 t5 E: c% CThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.  O# ~" O, U' V& n4 \; z
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)& c% J% E+ q9 T6 s. w3 I
也可用复数:" a% q1 ^1 w3 F$ D, h- }5 t4 `  z; m
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
5 Y# r4 z/ i5 t# p' ~# c(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)  v0 v4 d/ v3 i9 V
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
% q& ?  k: u2 a: q1 O3 i" j(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)/ V% ]3 h7 R2 @" u  E& ^4 \
(10)dragon lady:
5 D' B5 f, u3 w8 |指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
# [4 x* G; Z" Q! K- K0 o2 ~例如:
" w# T3 p6 a. \2 V9 VThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady., U9 k/ t0 K+ y( @" w/ Q. J5 D/ K
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
6 j4 {& r' t( }6 S7 d& ?- x$ r% vI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.3 T8 s0 X( i9 s' E; C1 b
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
. n) B7 A( M2 {) ^( {/ r3 M5 d. I# IShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?3 t( Y+ L4 g; Q  c* e" W
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)5 y0 @& Y) ]3 l$ \/ C
也可用复数:
- B) `5 O+ A/ o& F( a1 XThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
( h6 ]( L% r% A. e4 \(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)7 I2 a2 N0 K; u. z  x
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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