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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语  [6 j% x6 U% u( k+ O! |' e; L
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2 q; ^* n$ q" |7 |在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
* `( q4 q1 L5 A" r% [, n  j之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
1 Q5 k2 p( S/ D& u9 Z3 Z若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!7 ]  ?% x8 n5 L7 D9 U9 g1 I
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(1) empty suit:9 @  Z$ z6 J' J: J  T% q" y
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。: Q$ o% |" |8 P! c7 U' {
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)6 |! ~/ T, ]% F& {2 k7 K
例如:
3 o6 h1 v" I" I$ rAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public./ m8 J8 h9 R( r. Q) u
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
. I3 ^& t9 s% `4 d8 r  \$ x" AMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
. H( p7 _5 l7 K6 t; j(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)+ y: k! o. V- Z. v1 ?
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:( O, A7 ?; g6 x5 h9 E
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.* B( E6 _  B5 R; ]
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
3 t/ R: T* Z8 V* H(2) fair-haired boy:
! s6 r& Y! R2 W指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man), V  w3 y+ B+ [" x4 v1 [0 E
(通常用单数,当名词用)
7 ?# R0 m1 J% F- t( P  q* p# N例如:5 J1 O5 Q1 A; i6 F" O
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
' D0 J, h. o3 S( x7 X, A( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
$ v3 j+ M% ]: S  k, f! ?3 F5 M, ANot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.# M+ J+ b8 H$ [3 N) B
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
' K6 I; ~9 P& u  G0 n/ w有时也可用复数:
9 N* ?$ z' m& G' t  w% O# aMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.0 S8 p& e. p) A5 S/ t
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
$ {' A7 ]/ T( F% I0 C  ^# [7 E0 xFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
) J! b2 h5 l+ L& d& T* y(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)! ~! x- |6 `$ Z* I9 ^% b3 a
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
* a( F5 t5 r8 R9 s(3) fishing expedition:- M8 a) J6 i  \& v
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
" v# v- _; c3 c% G8 ?(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)& c: b0 `4 V' n7 ]( S+ M
例如:, X# F0 c& x  E1 O! R5 n
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.+ s, ^1 _8 z+ K3 Z5 R1 K- Q
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)6 d; g$ n% W: u% L
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
& O! y# v. \8 D/ T(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)2 z2 [0 n- j7 K
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)' `& E" @# J6 R/ m8 z+ K
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.. d4 S6 q  X# n4 W4 x" k, x; B8 f
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)6 c4 r5 R4 [0 \1 ~/ @$ Z# [$ R* Q
偶尔也有人用复数:
7 S6 f2 E( {# V. u+ J' ^Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
9 N3 r" A3 Q( c8 t* h(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
! N5 P5 G1 P- f7 U4 [8 a: i/ V' ^7 {(4) filthy rich:+ J6 }2 V) c) r. F" R) |& i
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
! K; u$ J! w4 h2 N4 U# w& {% n(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)% G: t, @& b# b2 ?, H4 Y) P. `/ J
多半当形容词用。例如:" U3 p& Z# K+ O5 o3 R# O
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich." k* B7 }; o4 z
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)" B7 s/ \9 G6 O* k1 @
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
& q/ I' v$ I9 j8 D/ M9 C# S(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)+ G6 F7 {4 B! |9 u
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.
7 Z( K8 x# k% A1 r- a9 N7 @4 {(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
/ k% A% Z: ~4 q+ xFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.8 E0 P/ l. i8 u- O  f
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
1 W6 e, O8 i! g$ L  A" N(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)7 [5 q" r/ k3 ~+ _5 T5 V
(5) fairy godmother:
( ?' {4 Z8 Q) V! A- T指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)3 I8 k0 F8 ^$ ^8 }( C: O
(多半指有钱的女人)
* H7 u% G) V8 ^8 `! f(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
0 y0 h' N" i, F5 @  {) kMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.$ P) b8 h- M' W; Q  h# F
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
( a8 w# {% N9 g. w7 C1 x5 oAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.. Z/ I& ^3 P0 f6 M2 a1 R
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)- ^2 M: a& H$ P2 Q0 |4 h* F% \$ e) {
有时也用复数:, z$ i+ F) S7 t( l+ ~  {
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.6 ^7 x2 s( y' p' Y$ {5 j* F& ~$ y
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)6 W/ z( M4 ]1 M/ l
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.3 `9 h+ s' }. t; l1 K  I( ]7 a
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)7 \& B' j: W, P- U" ?
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6)eye opener:
# `* c9 \0 F! @指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
% E6 p" I, n4 K: S. `0 R, c& [(当名词用;通常只用单数)
- b: Y9 @8 Q' ~* e( S  s例如:
, p* H+ l5 P5 ]1 KYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.9 O9 z; Q- S, j) v
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
  N9 q, O, b7 VMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
# s+ x% P9 z$ T+ X(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
: |; U1 \/ N! Q& J# u8 }The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
# t  s& q# i( X* \! Q# \(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)+ E0 ?+ l: P  U% x: _
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
/ p% r* D, i7 I(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
! u: H( N# N& r; M$ A" x. b* ?; |(7) hot dog:3 W6 a- q- s8 L$ C# \4 P5 a6 _
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)3 v" R; ]9 n7 \: ?3 r- Y; U
例如:
% R; s& ~6 t" Q/ p" ?0 ]; i& a( _Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
0 \# h! W3 Z3 z# ?% V& w(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)9 r% v  Z6 N. {% V
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)  x# x* o* q) b/ T3 E1 h
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
% V. s$ j) k8 x2 \' l, J+ \(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
9 `" q0 v+ o2 C8 k/ l* Y4 T; r(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
% M. F# V0 Z. f7 T& {During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
5 @9 @+ h. K# x* }, ?$ G(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)9 @) p$ |* X& H" p* \8 d' e, V& u
也指真正的热狗食物:
: G  o& m) l* |! w2 nThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
4 R& i! |" B' B: k(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
) E5 Q. p. k  g# b也可表达欣赏的心情:6 n- ^4 ~0 O% f$ u2 Q3 d
Hot dog ! What great news for me.5 [$ A/ k5 p* N3 G7 [
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)/ [5 o4 o) V; @8 o9 j" d
(8)eager beaver:
7 x) m' h5 e' h& Q. V指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)" c+ Y' r) F* c% W! d
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)# s0 c/ t+ h' F3 H7 J3 |! M) b
(当名词用,可指男女)
9 K' J: }  M9 ]1 W4 C6 x& t例如:
- q7 j: a) d( Y- V9 \John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.' B8 d$ e0 ~) g3 Z
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)+ V! a( M  f8 z* Q: d( A' `) S! y
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
3 F( Y6 K" X1 C8 [0 u(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)7 H% d- K& \' a, X4 T+ O4 b( @) g' n
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?9 |+ F7 m/ j# `& I( {) c7 s' V
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
" I% L1 i  T) Y7 ]$ mYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.7 t% G$ K4 C: L2 F( v6 @7 F
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
' }7 A1 r. F3 c* u(9)doubting Thomas:2 H% }! ]+ y2 y' {- z* ~) u
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)9 L+ T# y1 K4 j- U8 \0 ?; I' D
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
0 Y( }1 }7 D  m0 l# N, Y1 j4 M(当名词用)
0 m( p0 E' t2 K" Z例如:$ v' U' t2 [( G& g) W4 B
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
- ^+ A% V5 q9 ?. _; A7 u) O9 k(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
6 y; x/ ^0 h; F1 GThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
0 C1 R7 i( g. q. l$ @$ R(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)  A& \' P' B6 z
也可用复数:& x' {2 r% a% z/ x
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
* M3 o5 W9 d: A  x6 j(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)/ G( I) x/ Z( k2 F7 e/ x( u
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
; e7 W/ m$ c9 c: Q0 n! b(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
0 k6 {7 A: \4 m8 d+ r& R# e(10)dragon lady:% R' C% f0 s8 v; u* ^# K9 Y9 K' X
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用); x# w7 I9 |) p
例如:- Y$ |' U+ K0 Z4 P
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.* C% @$ P9 r) J, A% [; Q
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)' H$ y2 e( j  k6 @, d. M
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.; f+ `0 l) w: b) L7 T. w3 }& h
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)" m0 A7 i4 s3 W- U6 m. @. e! p
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
1 d* w, z  B% v6 S(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
/ w& \2 C2 d2 `1 |& H& G2 Y也可用复数:7 x8 h& x" c5 W& i, q0 N- r
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
) L: c9 U$ V' I(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)& N' v! p! q( k; f5 F8 ~* T2 |- ~
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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