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谈英语俚语
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" }1 ]; K- v( e' `- P: `8 _在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
' g: V2 l& h f8 O5 C之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。& ~/ N0 {1 F$ Y/ ]; i1 i
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
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* I7 t( B( G# p" _$ }(1) empty suit:! ], |& \3 m- C6 m
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。% s4 q) S- h2 f8 ?
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
5 Y/ ]) f6 e: a6 Y- j例如:
/ w& Q) c, g+ B% i6 E/ Q2 I: gAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.* X* V/ J) v, Z) G! K' e
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
7 r+ B h3 k8 ~7 ]4 f6 {" LMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.* s5 }) g" F, x. f# r! K0 i- g) r0 C. A1 g
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
# g% X3 u. B% S& |1 W0 L9 g虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
0 L4 i7 [7 o& H4 P7 u% q: x( m0 `# BThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
3 s o- S n0 t# g$ O(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)7 t; J( I0 L, ^ K+ T1 v. a6 D
(2) fair-haired boy:+ v2 C* O8 N. Q
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
0 Y# B( ~) X: b3 G(通常用单数,当名词用)5 t3 S2 T2 w) `- [
例如:$ h8 j2 ^+ n: ~5 ?8 I% |! G
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent. T. E! _5 l; a# x, _, h# _
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)" H! L T/ V( t7 v# {
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.. R* ]' ~3 m! |5 m* b
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)
5 W: z6 J) K2 I+ X& I# k有时也可用复数:. ?; I9 _6 x0 |7 W* c: {
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet., f# u0 i8 Z* x
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)3 I8 L" B: Q5 n( ?' \( w
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
6 K6 i. k$ L9 r J! M" O( O(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)2 ?% H$ V3 F# S4 B; f- k3 I
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)- u4 U* l, O+ G3 i
(3) fishing expedition:: O4 ]' \% W0 Y7 g
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)% |) i! C3 j/ f# B* ~ m* B+ e
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
" i3 D& H b- j3 \% @9 M" Y例如:5 o% P" {: v4 P- m ~
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.) F. _, v3 @- Q3 F+ X+ ?. ^; w
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
9 m' _/ O; L, JThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.7 I$ i' T* N: R0 Y8 C4 z
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
5 |1 E! X" [/ c: A n(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
- Z8 _3 W2 y- x; UThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War./ N% }; P7 Y- V; e
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)
3 u4 S! g5 Q" ~& C1 x偶尔也有人用复数:
8 L" K$ G" L2 V# H+ h: m7 ASeveral fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
# Y- Q$ h7 z0 L l(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)9 N9 {1 {0 V: w! y: S
(4) filthy rich:0 r# A5 x. T4 _. F2 a- m2 X" i/ l, A
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)0 X) o8 ~6 v; |$ h
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
1 q1 V& z7 g2 T多半当形容词用。例如:
. P" Y2 p& c! A9 n8 @With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
_' C1 D. C. h4 a G) S I( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。), N5 G9 v+ }! i/ [9 h! p9 y& R2 z# [% R
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
# ^0 h+ [ f4 f$ p8 X(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)* H( j9 l8 J: w% P. L# U7 W% p0 t
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.2 _$ p$ w: P' ~$ g: r4 s
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
, I- }# L; {2 r! T! s: ZFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
8 a. e! |8 t! ~3 H( \3 }(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)3 K0 d4 ]) v, E7 K0 Q: b6 D
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
( L. \9 z: K" z3 l4 d(5) fairy godmother:7 e7 B3 o3 c ?( x. N: P
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
$ X# n& I0 K$ O; Z4 r1 k(多半指有钱的女人)# V$ S0 ~8 ]$ [# P
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:8 y6 z- O6 |1 V# U
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.- }% ^6 W% G8 w k; l
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)( E- J! c1 |3 k0 [7 V v
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother./ J' T# T/ e5 Z' ?9 X# k
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
1 G* D1 [; P7 q有时也用复数:& ~- K% p- }' ?7 J$ h/ d
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.$ g# |1 }' {( ^/ Z( }: t
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)+ L8 p, C' l9 `' E) }& {
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered., G: h- K. @0 {7 I
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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5 Q4 W9 p& r! c2 T7 k4 {6)eye opener:: j! D+ x+ S( Z- D
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
- g5 f" |/ M3 N( P( y% c(当名词用;通常只用单数)( y6 f: L1 w5 @, f/ L: u
例如:
' U9 W$ ^0 P! AYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.% k7 b( G- u. ?) \
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
$ i; t/ Q! {) g, V& V& ]Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener./ \7 U! ~0 E% r+ s# P+ o. c6 q+ p
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)/ l6 c/ D! r9 e! e0 z' p
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.3 w: V5 _6 s3 [6 U7 D9 K6 F
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
; n6 S, ]' M2 O3 rSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.. A5 a3 t9 r! l# h/ E, x+ L& d
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
' B3 }3 N$ R( o8 m5 ?# K(7) hot dog:9 t$ d4 |! X0 h" g: ^' h
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
+ `+ O" G& \- U) I. K, r例如:
: R" a9 b& q" k8 c- k' OSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
* j- I7 p4 P7 `" U8 ^8 K(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
0 G0 P8 g5 P- p3 H% l8 t/ A(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
+ ?9 m- j& N$ mIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
/ D# V9 L9 ^* h. b1 i(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
2 f) F9 Y0 y/ J1 X1 H: K8 u9 ?(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)& x: C6 v0 s* J- {2 t6 B/ I
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.% ?* U; o' N, G
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。): W' i' C5 K/ R" M- `8 R: [
也指真正的热狗食物:+ v F! T, W( Z& {% m3 D
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.6 r* l# R. l. t3 _- {2 Z
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。). q% j; \% f" U4 Z, ~& s3 C/ V# n
也可表达欣赏的心情:; g6 ?2 Q, @: g& Y# ?& r
Hot dog ! What great news for me.) f9 J' f v4 L) S% [
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
! w/ D' K- o4 F; l2 v1 C(8)eager beaver:
: j2 d+ C3 z7 Y* l" B指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)7 A; \' S5 M/ R% ^- e3 c
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
, s# |- S6 e. U0 ?(当名词用,可指男女)
, @! R* \$ i- R: \+ }* I$ @* R例如:
( v! V2 S' _( V6 x) {) tJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
/ g, Y {7 }( j4 A% v) q(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)& e! [* m i |5 V$ n! y# q
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
! s @9 Q8 w* S: i# F(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
) J8 g8 ?1 \: WDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver? [2 U( }/ A3 r3 I5 P" l! X1 P: Z
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
( W% e; d' s+ `; Z- O( L O7 LYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.( I, G4 N) ?2 ?+ W# X- k
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。), H" V/ O* s% y9 l( T: t4 p
(9)doubting Thomas:% B5 f K% x+ b+ c1 i7 i
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
* U1 p$ M5 N3 F- G(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活): M; W/ o8 t: u& Y4 u; F$ T- w
(当名词用)
7 w- O/ {7 J( B& }0 x例如:: D2 U5 |5 Z) i; y3 x4 D
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.4 k: f3 D- Q* S+ M9 h: D0 x
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)" D8 a3 d1 E0 W6 e& p- F$ y
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas." Y; o+ i F4 j" Y
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
: b! A3 s V) i+ {1 u/ ]; g也可用复数:" e3 t% @4 d. a3 w
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people. Y; O+ u9 k, ~/ m+ |9 b4 k
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
$ i* O& P" O3 {If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.0 y1 ]8 {+ v) C
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
) d% r6 w) U8 W$ a/ q+ T N(10)dragon lady:
* [! ^0 l$ m# Z2 t r指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
|; s1 {! \: `* K. j例如:
; y* m: }$ B, D0 J6 b$ XThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.6 a- p# T* H9 q5 L
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)! n+ ~. I3 O' [" @0 `: x
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
+ o+ i: e3 a/ W, Z6 V(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)4 {* P3 ~# D; r$ V8 R" C
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
1 u$ n3 Z! s% e' F* M" C* ?! o, y+ l(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)# u# K* | i- q1 g) S3 v. L3 x: F
也可用复数:
2 W# t E" n. D) i) G! n0 HThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.
, j# E+ s$ V" R3 t8 v3 V(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
; S; W0 R* U- C注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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