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谈英语俚语
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4 W2 O3 A6 C e% Z/ E8 I在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
4 v5 j1 O; x( k% D$ {" p) d之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。7 o8 V9 J/ j; Y( l5 ^
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!9 _: }/ Q: t0 _) F( H. n
0 Q5 A' S! q5 D$ N& b(1) empty suit:
G) C3 F! A$ [3 N- R7 T指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。% f5 E' [, d! N+ u
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
* s/ H/ h0 e/ t$ ^6 f; N3 {: ]例如:* R4 D. A& w1 C
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.) @/ Q O* Q5 R# T. n) O
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。) F' K5 p: m7 {: V9 X$ M
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.' x2 y' u: Y1 ~9 K; @0 s" ]+ K
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
+ o; z/ u- s8 l- ~, ]$ B' w$ v9 m虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:$ e A% g& ^1 z& }7 Z( m
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.6 T5 }. T/ m+ C* o d% b k+ M$ m
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
( s$ `, E1 U0 j5 r2 s# h' f(2) fair-haired boy:" A( C2 C0 r \. e: T" l/ w( B
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
1 U" [9 F0 o3 B(通常用单数,当名词用)9 w# n; X3 l/ j( f
例如:
+ O" s3 K" [* |# [# FMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.3 }8 W: s/ g; P ]' `
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
# n: ~" ^# D1 U9 r1 t+ RNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.; D5 w& d4 _7 c8 {, H T7 I1 k/ j" K
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)1 m) x) Y+ ^" P* O7 Q
有时也可用复数:
2 k9 L+ X3 T2 \4 v6 R& [5 fMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
" m$ \3 _ x3 D, |$ Y) j(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
' j+ Y; O% |1 S3 B# H- {* r" F+ fFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.8 x9 e* }: U3 G. ?3 E# {* j
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
: M0 m6 _2 Z6 [1 w(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
& U8 g' S+ C# \(3) fishing expedition:
9 |5 g) @8 Z8 n/ C9 m! Q为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
0 M- _: T& R! b3 I( S! s(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)$ l- W& z! o" T s' ?1 e3 U
例如:# M0 j& b/ j; ~# i
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him." |& {9 c0 g( B6 i0 c
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
" }; M5 F6 y+ [% J) s: hThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case., u( d7 }6 R( U& x- S9 o, [
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)
" S1 x. D6 u q) e(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
5 l: o( L( q* o( B: o: _The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.3 A$ P# x7 s) f+ E
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)# J. A6 p a$ U( }' e, t
偶尔也有人用复数:
/ `. M% N* s5 X; a# b+ ~Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
# {4 L& S$ ~6 [7 D/ j) p(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
% Q- v% v) F% s" @(4) filthy rich:) k7 n, I/ x! v1 U" G& ^
意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
4 e/ e/ t# s% I(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
" M9 z3 X" G' L! y3 h7 r3 v% t多半当形容词用。例如:' C7 _ y& [ k: t1 T
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.( t5 |' C) s! }2 O" ]! a/ F, c. w1 f
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)/ Q7 e! [! K/ \9 c" w
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
$ T0 v4 q6 P9 K, o, ]7 }(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
0 C0 J4 p, S/ d& }: V' ^; {; sA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.- f( S0 \* I5 m9 B
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)/ W* R" v. ^! w4 h$ K6 F" o
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
0 Y# @' w! a/ d(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)9 E6 i& C$ x" X% b
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)8 H" o- F ?$ A* O$ z" ?4 s
(5) fairy godmother:$ Y" S' ^6 O4 w' u
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)
5 w( u( F/ ~5 x U(多半指有钱的女人)
- S2 f! V7 O: V(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:9 a) t& h* w8 `1 e9 f
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars., B' [" q! |/ L3 W7 z; P
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)5 ^. S* l! E1 k
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.& o& T2 Z! ^" ^0 H% Q8 y
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)9 D- u5 u* s7 f+ ]' D/ i
有时也用复数:
S6 f+ J+ ? C% N- X* n, LOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.& q9 {# m! }& P6 P, d2 h& w* a
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)0 k! d9 p) h* ]0 ~9 r6 M, C( Y
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.6 {/ i$ N5 X2 Y) h
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)* [$ R6 a. f. x: X: c/ k) M
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6)eye opener:
: ~3 W+ {2 y7 t( w. U/ N7 m指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
7 M/ {4 n: v( e9 A7 p(当名词用;通常只用单数)% p' Z" L1 A, m |: e: V& R
例如:
4 a" W/ f8 Z0 v. C' FYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
" J. o9 T( A0 O) V& O(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)( W( U6 N, \+ n/ C& V
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.0 U( V {" v, N6 X/ k5 t
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
8 w" ?8 @# |2 m+ Y9 E; bThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
) Q# H4 N( ^/ u(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)/ a5 n; y# e* P+ _. P1 w) Z
Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.4 H- K7 K# e% T! L, b. @* P: [
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
: s( b$ c/ r. B3 J3 ]9 R4 F(7) hot dog:+ G1 ]6 e" x$ N/ N) m
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
+ p2 t8 H* E" ~& S例如:# L- J2 u; L8 P- \, b
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
0 D* h" ? J. o& Y0 y- g: p(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
* n0 f% q* Z- `. E1 p(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
3 q/ | q" p" e. l/ D, ~3 g. z3 MIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
5 p" v( G* E5 }1 `8 d0 M(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)3 O, G& R' O& g5 e9 o
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
! y. d* y; E# t1 \8 G0 \# IDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.2 B6 v. D0 I# i, K+ D! g- _4 z
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。); |, \4 B. n) v: {/ ^4 ]* o
也指真正的热狗食物:8 x, i7 @, m3 b1 o; v0 V( K# {/ _
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
) i i/ J+ [$ b/ l5 X- T/ b) |- d(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
0 P0 k0 [: B! Y& p g& b也可表达欣赏的心情:
Y# Y3 K& ~- B4 d( H8 `( n+ U+ K& }& SHot dog ! What great news for me.
* ~2 l6 t# b9 l* I(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)2 { M8 C! N' ~) _' |) o! c" E
(8)eager beaver:: A* j' i f' p
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)% ~( s2 `3 u- i: q
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)/ r5 J+ f" V3 T. h/ Z1 W. n
(当名词用,可指男女)
7 K8 v2 c4 i7 M2 N$ E例如:" y- S0 s: N- G
John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
, C& b# s) ?0 {(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
; r# J5 I- G3 k5 }; V2 S$ W4 A" d& iBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
4 O- Q; f5 _$ R(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。), \% r) U6 S* R7 H Z) y' n3 e% j
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
5 G- O/ r7 W, g' u) r% \(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
/ _2 e0 c) t; t& gYou may find some eager beavers in any organizations.+ ]! y; b9 c# E- ?; }
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
. v/ D+ G! ]: g2 g(9)doubting Thomas:
q& n# ^" O! q" p这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
k2 T$ Z* A( ~- G. S7 e: ^! y7 }(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)0 H4 A; r* W8 v) O6 k R. N2 c
(当名词用)5 c; d( n7 @0 a0 e
例如:" _) F6 F; F' k) F$ a" w( p
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.! K: ]- Z u! {7 M/ n8 {
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
5 E- ?) I) b8 `# UThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.
; n, s- R7 ]- d( q/ F3 m% B(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)( m1 r6 p5 j& N5 C8 R
也可用复数:+ W1 r9 ]& I1 v
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.! `1 Y: h- I" n# W! P0 J
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
3 U7 O. i6 A( dIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another./ }$ @6 h2 B& r6 E7 d! z
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)( t' v' D; ^$ _; q2 c
(10)dragon lady:
( \" |$ E1 l8 l' `1 r指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
: Z% \/ Q! T6 S. N2 w6 w, \例如:6 ~+ x+ g% }: p3 B6 r; ~, }
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
" [+ T6 [# O) ]' D(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
# I' y4 v+ v( N! {$ f2 }* J0 @I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
1 X1 v( _/ x0 r( A7 j1 _(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
& C9 Z; C3 L6 _' F: j+ dShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
/ x7 A, V5 H* A9 c9 |7 ?5 k! I/ |(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
& J6 h# Z: x! H$ l4 w5 [也可用复数:
) R4 u3 m# O+ Y: I# r* DThere may be many dragon ladies in our community.7 U; w- |' r6 x
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)* C8 k q7 q* O3 s5 N5 y
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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