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本帖最后由 绿袖子 于 2014-4-2 23:42 编辑 3 H: U; b8 N' B
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2 K3 h7 o5 H% D8 ^* H6 eCan you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ? E! t5 V. V$ F7 l% B, {
3 I& N# l# D$ }# cBar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere.6 L; M( Z1 d/ d* U; j% O
Bar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.* z" o* U% w m2 S. c/ `
The Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976./ ~. d0 B0 ?3 E/ c% H
Currently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts.$ v5 C4 l5 K* r0 X0 Z8 I
The first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.' v, l# q# S& ]; T) y/ C
The country codes used are :
. X3 w6 R& V1 v
$ F5 o9 O9 D8 K- lCODE \COUNTRY
4 n' G/ s% e! v/ o1 T7 u' S' j00-13 USA & Canada
( b) _) @4 z) i20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)& B/ o$ Y; x a0 K
30-37 France" W) @! M; {( z4 {
380 Bulgaria
0 Y4 j( }( }% i. w383 Slovenia
8 W* Q8 f3 t7 N385 Croatia
) R! k6 H) O [* N2 Y5 d387 Bosnia-Herzegovina
* l0 H* K1 H' g8 w6 \) ?400-440 Germany. y' m# x9 `0 M. A5 @7 v
45 Japan- `5 X% t7 E6 r9 K9 c4 _
46 Russian Federation' I" e0 B& m* G6 l+ I6 X/ g2 U
471 Taiwan+ T; {8 P/ _. n
474 Estonia0 h$ F3 V5 h( D" y. B
475 Latvia' e) f( a b+ `0 R2 A: a0 V
476 Azerbaijan
8 |/ S- m4 E/ F477 Lithuania
7 A& I, z* c, [3 \ f478 Uzbekistan
( _% \) P2 F- G! W479 Sri Lanka- w1 C4 j1 N @
480 Philippines
, m7 R4 Z' q0 r2 L% ^ W8 F481 Belarus, ~: `: _: c- B; Z/ o9 u
482 Ukraine2 Z7 K& B3 z2 L! t
484 Moldova
5 b7 ^: c* _6 z! A7 |485 Armenia
( C4 g/ }0 o& G2 A486 Georgia
/ x% A2 @6 z6 P# ?7 P1 u+ O487 Kazakhstan: _) q8 _( s) b) W$ J( [
489 Hong Kong' s$ _: x7 V6 ~% P
49 Japan; c; r0 m) T; {* P" A* s
50 UK6 z% o8 a, U4 b; x4 f
520 Greece
" D C5 N2 Y3 h% z$ ]; L9 B) e528 Lebanon) t1 y/ [' ?: i0 W8 F4 V. y
529 Cyprus
9 B6 s8 F; @/ q531 Macedonia
7 B3 B3 V( @' J+ Z6 G) ~$ _535 Malta! V/ Q$ u3 z; w4 j4 i
539 Ireland
' j/ b/ b7 W" f: P; U: w54 Belgium & Luxembourg
8 J" \2 s6 g; K8 v560 Portugal
' @/ Y: @' a6 Z- w q$ y% u569 Iceland$ q$ R2 T5 e# }) v# e
57 Denmark
5 K8 \ U# g2 h6 K% d590 Poland
' {$ C6 Y& a$ H. N$ p* D594 Romania! l) A9 X, y6 E. g+ p
599 Hungary9 Y5 ~' [2 D9 O# _# l
600-601 South Africa
. H) d7 V! z+ s4 G" G0 W609 Mauritius
+ u& ?) f& g1 e9 M7 O& {* H0 O611 Morocco8 M4 [, R/ B! j, X8 f
613 Algeria0 O$ `9 E; Q3 |$ {/ r* ?
619 Tunisia
" S3 H, f3 o- K6 b3 p9 c621 Syria
' `* r- G1 b7 ~/ @: O9 B1 Q1 D1 ?. O622 Egypt3 G6 `4 n$ l( H8 i$ o9 n: _9 G+ ~" ~. U& g
624 Libya
/ s( t1 h- M; o+ M& B- u" I625 Jordan
4 X+ c r$ G- t# W2 e) n: m- A626 Iran# M4 @3 j1 O1 P9 N
627 Kuwait
+ r/ q: j6 q0 U% y3 V0 h" e628 Saudi Arabia
! I# T2 W. `$ R# H" x k629 United Arab Emirates
6 E. e1 \' `- k9 B+ x; o$ l: t64 Finland
( M0 Z' Y' `. O+ ?! F3 x- ?$ s" C# o690-692 China) J) q' D( M. a: v
70 Norway- A- V% s/ D; A2 q, A
729 Israel
; o1 D2 @1 F" W" y3 C73 Sweden
q2 c" o( |5 s z: w6 ^740 Guatemala
" a' G) P& Q1 R. K( r, W741 El Salvador# p5 W4 d) P' q! T9 h" y
742 Honduras) x* k1 G% [+ ]5 T) P+ ^" {2 \( w, n
743 Nicaragua
+ f6 D6 |8 Y" H. i& \* ^0 ]744 Costa Rica
3 K; x% h6 l* n5 s! `& z6 h745 Panama8 Q# R3 a) J; u/ j# c; [" {
746 Dominican Republic/ e. R" d3 c7 x5 `( D* T- k4 _" i
750 Mexico
4 J5 i+ [9 \9 p# f ]759 Venezuela. k$ e5 [# o; {# p; T
76 Switzerland* W8 X0 D5 g6 k% ]# ^5 r! F
770 Colombia& u/ @( e( u& |8 Z$ w
773 Uruguay
5 s6 F0 x6 y* ~5 y/ H775 Peru
0 a, p: ^+ h) ]) S8 ~777 Bolivia
k+ D$ m# Y$ j4 M# E779 Argentina8 e3 e' _3 P0 W* p, f1 j
780 Chile! Q8 S) Y' l/ u' P( }
784 Paraguay
4 m! Z6 ?& S$ q$ [* |0 ^/ _: n785 Peru
9 M- Y( e' @7 g786 Ecuador1 \. i7 x2 Y" B
789 Brazil' g+ O2 s7 q" d3 c
80-83 Italy
& K, ]+ w) s; Y, y* I$ R/ P84 Spain' U% R0 W7 z9 Q2 e
850 Cuba Z8 @# u g0 f7 n4 ~: V
858 Slovakia
4 O6 W, ]6 C/ ?* B6 J F859 Czech Republic
# T* m* P& R' T3 a" m/ ~4 x: f860 Serbia & Montenegro
9 _5 J( l+ f2 v# `7 q869 Turkey7 i9 s* j6 `3 y+ f2 `
87 Netherlands% l! i: H. F) W% V7 F$ k- s% |
880 South Korea
/ {! e, h. Q% r1 k: {885 Thailand
1 v8 {( {& R2 p1 B8 ]* C4 H s888 Singapore
3 G+ f* R7 E4 }5 n- l/ {2 G8 b890 India( G8 H3 X" Y$ j" l$ ^9 h
893 Vietnam2 _" J. e. a3 M' s" ?8 G% e
899 Indonesia
% w4 Z: g: @% ]+ p! Z90 -91 Austria
$ {% g; E9 U1 y93 Australia0 g% g8 N N' V' r8 X2 y" I1 j: O9 z
94 New Zealand
8 E6 k1 J/ O3 H7 l1 ^955 Malaysia* c4 Y# W! H! M) E, {% w9 F! { e
958 Macau* h5 C$ g5 l/ r# ]* w& A* H3 m/ B
977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)
3 L, K4 p! O4 d0 p$ I5 D9 S978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number), h; F( T% K$ p- F# j4 F
979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number)( H: {. X# a6 \& }
# V' y0 N+ i: ^! W b5 @More information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm
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