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本帖最后由 绿袖子 于 2014-4-2 23:42 编辑 ( S& w2 ^! ^2 B: Y
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0 A7 I+ U q. o0 zCan you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?
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5 u* s c* S8 E/ f- M6 hBar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere.; V# ] ]# r+ T5 U
Bar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.4 }* {, C0 j+ I8 l
The Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976./ n* `5 M. V1 d9 j/ }
Currently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts.6 B/ h: |$ Y# y0 C
The first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.6 f+ y5 C, y8 e4 j* l% P
The country codes used are :2 \3 E* ^0 P. J) U6 w# k
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CODE \COUNTRY
, o2 y( } L% q) Y$ J' A: _00-13 USA & Canada
9 X7 }6 F: n$ t20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)# W1 v( @9 x, b X+ k
30-37 France# i3 F: c8 h. K# e
380 Bulgaria; `) K: g/ _! p) C+ B
383 Slovenia
2 b& I+ { y' ^ E9 k+ A/ W9 W) N385 Croatia
- E& e% W/ w* n$ e" o2 S7 L1 O387 Bosnia-Herzegovina' t- k2 J5 P- r5 \$ [/ a+ w U
400-440 Germany- S# M& L* Q) f: m' F
45 Japan
" Q8 R6 B3 R! Z/ L2 p0 O5 v1 G46 Russian Federation
, l$ r' R: S/ C2 k8 h471 Taiwan
5 X7 g3 a5 R9 D9 i' X; s474 Estonia0 c8 }( O' ]' k2 j- j6 P
475 Latvia
( D( t9 E# t! |/ C3 N476 Azerbaijan) k* r* `- E/ r9 i) X- @% k& l" K8 O
477 Lithuania
) _7 r* B F$ j# e( F7 `478 Uzbekistan) d. t: k/ `' K
479 Sri Lanka
& q) S/ _; V. B0 `0 e8 V3 W. `480 Philippines
' @8 k% `3 y* h7 n# u' o2 K) q7 o481 Belarus) E# Q8 ?2 s: d) G4 T
482 Ukraine4 J2 K$ f1 c: q" {+ z, B
484 Moldova: Q* Z1 o4 b& {; w8 c: ~
485 Armenia
+ z! b$ ?6 X9 d7 b p486 Georgia3 D9 j) [2 s) Q' P
487 Kazakhstan9 ?/ R3 \1 ~) k9 ?( ^/ z6 D- p" g
489 Hong Kong
8 }* t7 w9 B& s" W7 [49 Japan
5 d% @ j; i/ f3 c1 l50 UK
+ ?, B3 m/ D8 U" Q0 |" C( d520 Greece# Q( c" V2 W- C/ _+ h0 J
528 Lebanon4 M1 ^* X* O) [$ X, U
529 Cyprus
; M( m0 p1 e* @) g: B, {& V531 Macedonia
7 V: ~" m1 V( [. f535 Malta& e0 u1 H$ w6 U: c1 R$ ^5 E
539 Ireland
+ T& T/ B0 r7 T7 X/ n e1 G54 Belgium & Luxembourg# P9 O6 f" ]. W6 C8 F
560 Portugal8 ]9 b! M; U0 l! N2 E
569 Iceland9 V7 L0 x2 m3 a
57 Denmark2 ?9 f9 c- X* D% g4 I8 N0 x. _
590 Poland$ z# z' C* O! k
594 Romania' V. p9 R! O. J
599 Hungary
) @& j% U+ ~4 L% h$ L; B; C, }/ u600-601 South Africa
' P; Q2 F6 J7 m; X& G) ~609 Mauritius
" |% @! y& j. f5 e4 F611 Morocco- F" c4 y* s4 F; Q! d- ?
613 Algeria! @0 c0 u* z+ z ^
619 Tunisia' F# }+ k/ p9 H7 Q8 l
621 Syria
2 L( O; m" r# h9 w2 q% F7 r' ~ Q7 B622 Egypt
' P( M8 G! O7 c8 H2 ~! J624 Libya
$ R0 K9 X: k2 U2 ~& t625 Jordan, T/ W7 u# r- h/ T" v" |. t8 G
626 Iran% e- [* W# O5 ~( o7 A5 y
627 Kuwait
' y, i+ e( o. `5 y, I' U628 Saudi Arabia( u M Q3 I& j1 r# E
629 United Arab Emirates5 |9 D' O- }! K' X
64 Finland
. s) Q* C0 s g2 k; ?2 g690-692 China6 G4 k: A( a9 A6 b1 `& g8 E
70 Norway
6 V. c) J+ e, m/ Q) W729 Israel
( M/ q2 F7 X' P6 |9 W73 Sweden! J6 T e1 J% V( ^, y5 e' d4 K, F
740 Guatemala
{- R. k7 w3 `; R0 l0 N3 I741 El Salvador+ t! O* C6 N5 Q: o( ^+ X
742 Honduras
9 s0 J* r8 ]* c( b) a+ _743 Nicaragua
. k% M" H0 v* ?/ i744 Costa Rica
B! y3 F3 F( g8 o) S& P% h4 l745 Panama
9 l1 H! g# | _: v% T* C746 Dominican Republic+ j+ y/ Q/ J! B3 V, l
750 Mexico3 L5 d% n! g3 H% A
759 Venezuela
* T9 G+ G7 I' B c4 ~76 Switzerland
/ X1 s: [$ [7 |3 ^: G* L. I0 `770 Colombia
9 S3 [/ u6 l X& ?1 e. y773 Uruguay* f: X) t& D5 |' `- Z% y1 g: `1 o4 s
775 Peru) H) n+ r/ g; ^! ^, X: `7 I0 I1 H
777 Bolivia
) Q; r0 ~ \$ o' V779 Argentina
( _1 A5 c: d2 K" ]: V780 Chile
5 D& @4 F4 T8 ~( K0 N' T4 I- V784 Paraguay
4 D. g8 l- w4 J5 z& }7 b9 E785 Peru4 i; N9 K3 S" ?4 v4 o
786 Ecuador# T- `, I; N; Y' C% X/ q) T! f
789 Brazil/ Y, L7 [; |0 C' l
80-83 Italy
4 C. {1 w/ l7 E# M& M84 Spain4 R( P0 t4 q7 M% }) J
850 Cuba0 C+ p: w6 n$ t6 L2 X0 N
858 Slovakia
9 J E. f% s' G! |9 K# W859 Czech Republic' I/ D3 S: l3 }$ i, C
860 Serbia & Montenegro6 T. I0 Y# s) V$ o
869 Turkey& D% J. X- @* h f
87 Netherlands8 _: z4 o6 d& `; j
880 South Korea. k- d# R$ K; U8 \* k. A4 S! l3 b
885 Thailand/ `& W& C& l" O* B
888 Singapore
. l% s, J9 E% t7 h3 N0 ]+ Y# ]890 India1 E1 j; o6 c/ b6 f# I8 M k+ q
893 Vietnam5 T! H! f- G* n9 k9 x6 [' `! W l
899 Indonesia2 u8 x1 D+ T, w2 y: V
90 -91 Austria
& H: s" T* n9 Q- p5 `4 C( H' h) s$ {2 ^93 Australia
) U& L0 |: ?4 o: [0 F94 New Zealand/ f: \+ p0 c3 n5 _" U8 y
955 Malaysia0 @: j* n* e8 g% y5 ?# n
958 Macau
) |( C% w; }8 A# j1 Q+ [977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)
) c3 K5 E. H+ P9 A4 V978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number)
( C; N% {/ f, `( r& ~% I+ W979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number)
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! x$ b! P# I: V6 e* }More information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm
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