 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
0 I! v# `+ Y) W' Q# s t- R( sInitial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the- `+ u# W. R) O0 I* J6 n$ A
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,; i8 Z! ^% `6 G( \' [( O! U- j
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial& x! h: T; p# t# Y
(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of! l. y: m, E& D2 ]- }$ i2 u
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
& |+ X' N8 Q0 }& ?* p' f6 ?A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=, }# D* L* a* N$ s) U% w! Q
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
w# c, h. @; ], ~, k% W: N* X(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving' [+ M% U6 C" N& M4 w2 k
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on
* O9 |1 r+ }) [1 M8 v5 j" _0 z' xpossible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
' l { }2 R5 Y+ M- h& }5 b(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two( h6 _, W, T0 n) Y
segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
* m8 t h! z9 N% N% m0 nsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.
5 |0 v# i+ y. X+ E ?end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In* o9 t5 M, m, g" K0 A! P
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element, `/ d( S3 o1 O9 m! r
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..3 S, W) D" y% [, i6 Z: ~6 B) c# y5 e
u- y0 G( H1 d# Z% W/ v2 g5 p" z(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
) M; `3 J$ b2 o% Vand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
