 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The3 t8 b7 h- ?* B- Z; U: E8 E
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the B$ L: g0 v I( t3 P _9 A
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,! T# Q, f, E7 N4 g/ K* ?5 X
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
9 x) p- [2 g% N9 T7 h(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
1 P% v% |" A( H3 j6 E- a* fretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).
3 Y. G3 V! w& [8 HA Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=0 D4 z7 L! L4 Z G8 R5 K
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
7 g% h0 t( L t0 e6 a/ p(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
$ v5 n0 a- D4 uretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on1 W5 G! z' m, m
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset
& b# m/ h; l1 i- a3 G0 U(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
/ y+ e* ^9 D' p" f5 R7 c! Psegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
! f! N- `' f# D6 f9 v4 o& _" c' xsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.& ?4 ]% S. l" A
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In
" I# k6 {0 m7 T U- t1 A, ^compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,
: u3 z/ a: U6 _# Z) {1 Y6 hthe latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..( R8 d8 @$ d: @
3 [/ [4 e0 i6 \8 A- d0 Z(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)- B5 o! R' t5 e# j5 J" M5 L6 X
and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
