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缘分”是所谓命中注定的人与人遇合的机缘。英译“缘分”(亦作“天缘”)以及“有缘”、“无缘”常用的英文词有fate, luck, lot, destiny 等。请看几个例子:
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: [& O5 O! `# }' c" v1.富贵功名,前缘分定。(《西游记》)
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7 m8 M2 ~6 h$ x$ B5 bWealth and honor, glory and fame, are predetermined by fate. (W.J.F. Jenner 译)* r3 Z% S- Y7 J: L/ K
. H# l- p1 r+ E/ a, w" r, U' n$ p2.[宝玉问香菱为何薛蟠相亲定下了金桂,香菱笑道] 一则是天缘,二来是“情人眼里出西施”(《红楼梦》) - }1 G7 {5 B" V+ N
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It‘s partly fate, and partly a case of "Beauty is in the eye of the beholder."(杨宪益、戴乃迭 译)
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4 V: V$ |# d6 d& o: _3.[王婆为了撮合西门庆和潘金莲,故意问前者是不是妻子死后,没有别的女人他中意的。西门庆争辩说]做甚么了便没?只恨我夫妻缘分上薄,自不撞着!(《水浒》)
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Who says there isn‘t? It‘s just that my marriage luck has been bad. I‘ve never met the right one. (S. Shapiro 译)3 a/ |1 P. ~/ `) w5 r+ `0 y
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4.她无缘,小生薄命。 (《西厢记》)
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5 o& C! [2 I8 p' G, B! WShe lacks the karma; I‘m out of luck. (S. H. L. Idema 译)# e+ m& |: | T& F2 t& n7 b, M
- M+ U1 l& O& D0 ^8 t5.[刘备送别徐庶时说]备分浅缘薄,不能与先生相聚。(《三国演义》)
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) I$ U _1 Y! R: a2 q/ b, Q" S& RMy meagre lot, my partly destiny keep us from remaining together.( M. Robers 译)
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& Z8 h- \3 ~. Z8 V! r6 G6.[杜慎卿向季苇萧诉说自己没有知心朋友]只为缘悭分浅,遇不着一个知己,所以对月伤怀,临风洒泪!(《儒林外史》)
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% J& @7 W: p6 q1 kBut I have not been lucky enough to find a true friend, and that is why I so often give way to melancholy! (杨宪益、戴乃迭 译)
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. h* r. @# ^$ {4 l" n7.君琴瑟之好,自相知音;薄命人乌有此福。如有缘,再世可相聚耳。(《聊斋.宦娘》)
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1 m4 M' R% h+ T) P& P+ BYou are like a matching lute and zither set. You can appreciate each other‘s music. Fate has been too unkind to allow me4 r9 Q. K) c$ U. F
; P6 M! ]1 P; @7 A' f, Csuch blessings. If we are linked by the ties of destiny, we will meet again in the next life. (D.C. & V. H Mair 译), {9 p# s8 k1 ]* H
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8.[方鸿渐看不中张小姐,心中暗说]“我你他”小姐,咱们没有“举碗[案]齐眉”的缘分,希望另有好运气的人来爱上您。 (《围城》)9 w' Z4 u# D2 ^0 {& {; ^: L3 o l
( j$ @' N! ], r1 SMiss Wo-Ni-Ta, we just weren‘t meant to "raise the bowl To the eyebrows." I hope some other lucky guy falls in love
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" Q5 a4 F7 _# P1 B- xwith you. (J. Kelly、 N. K. Mao 译)
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, d- O/ C$ t: f( {' b可以看出,以上句子里的中心词都含有“命运”的意识,英译亦然。《围城》一例所mean,据New World Dictionary 等词典的解释也有 to destine or seem to destine 的意思,颇为妥帖。
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! K1 K3 ?1 t" N8 e然而,“缘分”等词和命运的关联在有的用法里变得淡化了,甚至完全消失了。它只是泛指一种机遇或者机会。所以M. Roberts翻译《三国演义》的以下两句,用的词语和上边英译句子中的相应部分不同:. o4 p' ?2 b' t: m0 d
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9.[刘备二顾草芦时误认诸葛均为为诸葛亮,说]备久慕先生,无缘拜会。6 K, t8 u; [$ Y( o* r( D' T
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Your talents and your virtue have ever been the objects of my esteem. But I have not had the honour of being presented to you., Q1 ~9 J3 I T) Y6 m8 {9 I+ A* u
& r$ W8 Q9 q( @5 R% C不仅如此,这种机遇还可以发生在人和事物之间。体育报道里说的“无缘(进入)决赛(be barred from entering the finals; be disqualified for the finals) 即其一例。《浮生六记》的作者沈复(字三白)因妻子陈芸喜欢李白和白居易的诗,就跟她说:
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- d# V1 x; Z# M+ i2 y6 F" D11.异哉!李太白是知己,白乐天是启蒙师,余适逢字三白,为卿婿;卿与“白”字何其有缘耶?
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3 U% r8 l5 W7 BThis is very strange. So LiBai is your bosom friend, Bai Juyi is your first tutor and yours band‘s literary name is Sanbai. It seems8 ?) a, [. U& `& }5 o4 e
9 f: l3 i2 j G& z$ ]7 m- u* Hthat your life is always bound up with the Bai‘s. (林语堂 译) |
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