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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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Proof:
' r" ]: S& ]6 PLet n >1 be an integer
" i8 `9 u# X) H, A; {9 S4 [2 P% bBasis: (n=2), M7 Y1 t3 {0 B1 m
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3+ |2 |2 j N- b, X( A# n
; F( `4 z; J7 ?. j- cInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that9 r% n7 z! ^' p3 {" P
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.) m7 g8 ^; m' @ o' ? ?
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3$ U( N2 r6 N1 _
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
, W" ^# |( K) {6 B6 {Then we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
" c7 I9 p% F' K* ^- D' B j$ p = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K3 a# k7 A: u7 c" v( D- B
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)2 Y7 \5 } m7 F/ u. C, i
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
6 e8 D: D( G; I1 lby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
6 A, Z8 c/ C4 s2 G5 C: ASo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)# J+ L* _: {2 W% E
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
$ t/ W9 w0 r0 Q = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 32 r8 X% g4 ^$ v p
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.
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9 C7 c/ B! H" D7 y2 R7 Z5 i[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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