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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)
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' A9 u; b f1 d2 MProof: 7 W2 H/ ?- n- P# U8 }
Let n >1 be an integer
7 u2 ]2 w5 h! j0 }, m ~/ gBasis: (n=2)
/ }3 X# k0 n, y2 N* S; ] 2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3
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: T" i+ i' V) fInduction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that+ o) M! A) S1 W+ q2 u3 |
K^3 – K can by divided by 3.; s9 s+ R$ o# a N& L: u% Y
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Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 35 Y1 C* v/ M7 l& J H
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
, |8 U" [ z/ y" F% w% wThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1). z) m' X5 X5 Z3 L' e
= K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K
- u0 |1 F- P3 z; X = ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K)5 t# @( K8 H( l; ]; [
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
9 X5 U A G3 g4 r: v. L" Fby Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0
, }; @- M5 Q: r$ Q4 U# U9 ZSo we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)
0 {$ o8 n. J& w = 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)
, h+ S; L4 g2 g. |$ W0 n = 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3
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Conclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.1 B; x& c9 U6 p- {; J
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[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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