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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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! V- T' @& y2 R( I8 ?John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
# N3 l# X( K! w& R5 T# F6 OYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
6 k0 \7 Y& o5 \8 @& x0 z. q: j# X2 u. |Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
* w9 e- I( K# F: d. E YFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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& p% k# [& J/ A$ T# USupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .- X5 [; T2 Q/ T. d+ H
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
4 D! m* o9 S. zPublished online 26 January 2018* ~; W( O5 v: Q# E. W. t6 m0 ^
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9 f; g$ X* y* k- e' ?* {" cAbstract
- ?- f* s5 f; ?$ VJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
" X% S" T: M6 w3 Z& H+ z" O" W& I: BDynasty who came to China and was employed by The
' p/ e2 \- X+ |/ M8 ~Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been( H$ j1 |6 H4 F0 A
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not# f" i' q/ B B( ?5 I( {, o0 J
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific9 P# q2 V3 M1 M# w" C
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly
|6 `/ v0 a) B7 l; B' cto the standardization of the scientific terminology( n) U7 B, k) S; }# E3 ?; |8 a
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
3 Q% e1 {1 m6 K/ I8 Rscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
7 E4 f3 `* ~$ Oand then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
& r) d% Y3 c1 t3 Ostandardization of the scientific terminology translation3 D" F& Y4 N& a
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
1 X9 A. p6 Q5 C Q3 b! rhe established had helped greatly with the popularization/ i3 N* O. U% Y0 O9 p: G3 A/ j) E
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring
+ h6 G( ~. U! T9 W6 s5 k) Zthe Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way4 i- a$ _- f4 I" |+ n
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and3 X9 E5 E& n B1 B$ W1 d5 ?
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a% f3 \2 J {5 h& r3 B
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
2 I# t, I5 r, Jterminology.! ^! y# x4 Z% r2 X0 D
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
. l) Q2 G3 g. [# U( @+ G2 ?Standardization of terminology translation
- W+ {2 ^! J- p5 [+ m4 h- rYang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
4 Y3 g4 T; {7 F2 jStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern# ?: B! R) @8 \* O6 `& k8 C" `
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available8 ]2 s& X: A% E7 V
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102130 c; K+ k% I" v3 _' q
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/102133 m' G7 T0 e/ ~3 n6 G" O
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1 }& s. u, ^- l9 _0 XINTRODUCTION9 N4 u3 d& K' G4 F
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and2 U. i. O2 z) r2 t7 b7 W2 |- T
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912). g" ~4 j: Z7 R# @" D
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to" j* x$ w+ N% ~4 i" y2 |# G
Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of( S8 {; j8 Y8 |- n
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed6 F+ _* Y+ h7 ?/ o
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
. }' o+ h; L1 c ?4 P7 ` Fan editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on; C- z8 V7 a! O4 }. Y* J& S6 k
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-6 O) Y, X6 x; b4 `+ Z- I3 A5 c, a
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific0 Z+ K" w: b* Y0 w w
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
, `# J6 `4 B- p" ]5 r& ZFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.( c. i; H: z# ~. u) F
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated. W) q( K! K' P* X" @. h0 H
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant# k3 B" r e( b$ C" U. h
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,% z4 t5 K- |# R5 r
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,- ~3 B9 T" X( H' _/ N% o# s7 Z; a
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western; ? D) S- [/ s. E8 _2 V
books that made him the most productive one among the
$ j0 ] ]' ~ Y' K, nforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,( W& c/ o$ {- r. N
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a3 h9 I; y7 W0 T6 d# U! O8 L* b9 V
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
/ ^7 J) ^, e% npeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).+ X5 {6 |, o: g% a1 W6 d
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer( ~9 ^ ~' D9 h
also paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
' y ?; H1 |2 e# z9 F" F% ~science and the standardization of translated scientific
+ L$ @% b; F9 k8 q+ g* N$ S! k3 Zterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
& y1 E6 V0 v# t: g+ b4 [8 f/ `magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the6 B% Y/ y1 i. S. i
establishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
0 q# r6 ~- ]' g) p8 ], t0 xcontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
4 u4 P" x% i4 |0 `) F! w5 |of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in2 U) |3 t7 Q% }/ o" D
Modern China.# J+ h q. D, F: S. d
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
9 x; T0 w/ V* }! Y+ t" NThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of4 }$ Z/ t* m, {8 n) |; S, f
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing G# T1 }* X8 o
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In+ i" B$ x% g% n/ i4 @* F
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and( A) s+ J, P4 P: P
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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