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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China" j7 I% q9 q1 Y8 a
YANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
* I( [+ K! y4 nFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
5 D$ [: C3 U, ]+ T) c" o) N$ ~) O; D. p$ n0 L: W
LI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of# o2 \+ m! L0 l5 o0 U
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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Supported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) ." f& ?3 `8 Z9 i% G9 g
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 20188 d& o1 A& ]4 K5 d7 p
Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract/ I4 s# m3 e6 O1 N5 \
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing* v, |! H a9 h
Dynasty who came to China and was employed by The" Z4 J4 k! \* \* l g o* M
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been& H# w4 l* _1 x* Q
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
. j: g8 U$ h, v; y% C" h: nonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific
. I+ E; S2 p9 _3 iworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly7 W/ w4 @+ K6 l" C% A7 f
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
' Z/ s; ?9 g: P5 ?% m) ~translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
* l/ t4 X8 N! pscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,, F1 e0 C% | |# |4 Q1 B) Y
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
0 F# u) a6 n/ O9 L# Zstandardization of the scientific terminology translation3 h6 N* _, Q4 A1 j& K+ E3 B& c# S
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien0 j5 ^9 H5 i$ ^ K* S. }0 G
he established had helped greatly with the popularization
5 u" ?( J& L. Z! W. Jof modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring+ T- o: n) H4 ?( j6 Q' ?
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way1 ^2 a0 e5 `" F* t1 F) ]
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and: _! P, @4 b+ i ?0 K
that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a. c, C- ^$ i; X0 w+ n. b+ m6 c
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific
* M C: c$ ^* T. d2 @1 ?4 Oterminology.
$ l/ |+ X( C r: S5 `Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
; @2 x$ Y% V( z- |$ ~Standardization of terminology translation( }+ e2 n: i; u" Q$ `4 r
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to( p' n" Z- ]& B5 \" f% q
Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern0 I* D* h/ P$ G6 v8 D, b2 m
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available
1 ?7 y( C3 h5 wfrom: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213( ?* E: ^$ X: i) g4 I- i
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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) c3 M$ w5 [; `1 b) @. HINTRODUCTION# i+ z! _( `; I3 p2 I& U( P- E
John Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and/ J7 B: o D3 x/ w* Z6 ^! C" c+ l
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).& ^ T, U2 p4 u7 o3 ^
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
4 R1 D- A+ v6 k& Z; {, [Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of* j! Q" W+ Y! |. X2 O) i
St. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
: v# |$ R) y1 c0 {: w# k- Qby The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as# k8 Q& g6 Q0 s& f6 f. d! ^
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on- v: ^4 r0 ]6 @9 L& r
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-# ~1 \9 `; R& |# `5 C# l6 M3 ]) ^
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific9 F: Q+ W- C; Y. M# F1 S7 z
works and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,4 ~- P2 Y0 L1 B I8 G4 D' z2 m
Fryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.. y, U0 z3 W V! G
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
$ g' l% z( w ^/ Sto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
/ C" R/ t8 Q1 x; [5 Ywould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,8 N H7 f1 _9 m' d) A2 s- @
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
) l, t3 D/ `. W" M3 eFryer translated more than one hundred of Western. w8 o; S/ [/ Q$ c7 a# T9 d u4 p
books that made him the most productive one among the
& ?% B4 I7 d9 t" S* Z5 t8 zforeign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,
9 }* V+ u3 m. f3 e' p3 Atranslating Western scientific books into Chinese was a7 p; T) |6 b. I- B) \, c6 n
noble work which could help accelerate the process of8 x% B6 H% u% g& n6 ]. |+ q. l
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).2 x/ I A2 s5 W. Y5 W
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
3 K9 I2 ?& @, e# G0 w$ Yalso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western6 B+ l. b" S( i7 s
science and the standardization of translated scientific% a0 J0 R! L8 g2 [& X+ g: e
terms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific
( q! a% j; O/ j k vmagazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
; `2 x1 N# W. f c% v; f5 Mestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another+ o$ N6 i$ ]( k' r% N1 e, z
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series0 x0 j' P0 Q* ~! P. X' F
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in
. }, a. y/ _+ E8 H$ A: S! \' EModern China.7 |5 [2 B! g' o' V, s6 M, o: N
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
) m3 o& [( J: ?+ wThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
6 Z" H" M3 D. Btravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing: N Z- {7 ^+ }+ u) J+ D
a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
# u7 I/ `1 ~' B0 m tJohn Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
4 {+ M2 d& r* S2 _% d" [- QTechnology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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