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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 % l+ [2 Y5 P. J, k/ b x3 R
' {0 @" b9 F. @7 Rhttp://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/106885 U3 v. W, j$ A6 F1 S1 }
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
& Y! U$ x$ W }5 E8 C5 A. fYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of( d1 X% |+ L5 V3 _" Q7 u- ~
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.1 g8 @# d+ v1 [; f
1 r# t# i" s/ V4 }9 VLI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
! f% ^1 @) C& F; ?Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.6 R! V3 S$ h+ q, _3 a, P) Q
4 z' K! m% p+ N% Y% G" D# v% FSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) .- _/ k" N" |. i6 u
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
3 Y5 G9 z+ B$ m2 q3 N- T+ BPublished online 26 January 2018
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8 @1 x# L( b. ^( T( _( ?Abstract
5 {, r0 D' |2 O) U. V5 iJohn Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
! I. w" v3 G2 |0 @% h( ]8 ADynasty who came to China and was employed by The1 H' ~& x3 Q. Y3 s
Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been5 n) z$ G: n, Z: w" h6 A
engaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not% ? b" g& ?' j$ M* a5 V
only having translated a great deal of Western scientific
" {5 X- Z" W( |7 E0 [ Bworks into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly( w( V1 _0 r) ^% p" @1 n
to the standardization of the scientific terminology. e9 A* c" q5 u. L
translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
0 G0 c- a- S) V4 Bscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,
7 C* u* ~; b& o. C, U# R& N' }and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
0 Y) c" i8 u$ N4 Gstandardization of the scientific terminology translation; C, i. N) e7 F+ X
in Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
2 y/ l5 W- b( p; [7 j0 S+ ehe established had helped greatly with the popularization/ ^* M' P4 Z$ x. G8 U0 E* H
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring( Q) N/ N/ q2 ]3 F" x) D' o
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way
0 ^" j' q5 T4 Bfor the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
f8 ?1 i2 Y" G& j6 ^8 U! i' P$ rthat various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a
m$ x7 L* q; {' R. L, Cgreat degree, had standardized the translation of scientific# E) f2 B" p1 |, r& Y8 y
terminology.
6 c- Q8 `( o! q& MKey words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
8 }- i2 s& E; i" {5 l9 W* j i! ZStandardization of terminology translation, @: z8 ^& F+ c ?) _) v- W8 z
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
- }+ K" b" b, v$ O8 DStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern3 \4 ~( [: c5 p% _% ]7 e, _
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available! w' q+ ~% Q5 b6 e
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/102135 B$ B: r! D4 K9 ^
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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' i* a; o! Z0 a' I% e% |INTRODUCTION
3 ~6 c4 E: E1 X7 d. I2 |& nJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and$ b2 F: I- v; l9 v' p
a great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).4 m- q0 q) J _: u
Driven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
6 x4 o8 ~" F3 X, Q% \- M. O# ]Hong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
2 ^; n7 w" }. @' J" Z! tSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed
) Z( f% f( w0 j3 f( _by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as& ?& k/ j, `- ]! p. g
an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on# B8 E* t) a& R8 y F* a+ A8 `
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-
; I8 [: W! D. J1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
$ J$ L% l. J! I% Y4 L f$ t! gworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
* o! }, \ H2 D: b/ t$ s) F vFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.% l8 f* O( ?- _& m
Namely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated' |4 c) Q- J! V! Y# o8 M, A
to him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant$ ?: g6 r2 J. a ?- Z- d$ j/ r
would transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,
2 _. v7 Q$ |/ c7 s+ Z' o( s, Srevise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,
: q1 \0 m# \1 E& p8 J! I O+ BFryer translated more than one hundred of Western
9 g7 w$ Z" v& z* r. M% x _8 P) bbooks that made him the most productive one among the* q& I7 a6 S1 q' t0 \; h% E
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,8 z& Y! b6 M9 c: r, ~. K) C- M
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a8 L+ K; L& i' d$ n: X& B- g& h8 _
noble work which could help accelerate the process of; n: R! A4 w3 f" i. X
people’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83)./ N7 N, Q8 I. @* B! ^+ s
In addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
' n& u; Q3 z% S! }2 J! A7 F3 walso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western) J5 ^6 h# U' u0 }( t* d
science and the standardization of translated scientific
1 t2 N4 F4 j) Q- j2 T+ ~3 aterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific: Y0 a6 b+ Q( e! @8 U
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
+ h# }! K5 o2 X- Y, \! Kestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another
* `+ z# c+ l' X" Ucontribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series
: r, ^5 Y5 _; {7 \of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in& I- P9 T2 n" x2 \: X+ i
Modern China.6 Z. l' r( l% [0 b0 V! z1 S
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published
( n) ?# @; B# B( g- C6 DThe John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of
) N! ], S6 `6 Y5 {& `" x9 dtravel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
! R; X8 h7 t& M& W6 q5 ja lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In: L H7 R4 }9 w( j1 t
John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and
& M' D, [! Z( I- w6 q* P9 B! v2 `Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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