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本帖最后由 billzhao 于 2018-6-6 10:48 编辑 7 k( F% w! F' B$ I
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http://cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213/10688, U9 Q5 F7 K0 d
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John Fryer’s Contribution to Standardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern China
; u; \, V5 T/ n. T! z% VYANG Lifang: MA Student, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of! \! `* j8 G! C s# h
Finance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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* Y n, W0 N0 X5 ILI Changbao, Ph.D., Professor, School of Foreign Languages, Zhejiang University of
7 ~2 U2 S c) b8 Y+ aFinance & Economics, Hangzhou, China.
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1 ]' ?7 T9 j! i8 G0 {8 oSupported by National Social Sciences Foundation Project (16BYY011) ./ ?+ E0 Z* n5 |/ T3 P
Received 5 October 2017; accepted 8 January 2018
U1 l& A. P7 q4 Y( z: M5 ]Published online 26 January 2018
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Abstract9 X/ I' X+ g- r3 ]
John Fryer was a British missionary in the late Qing
" `2 R4 v9 N6 s/ M3 n; ]. ODynasty who came to China and was employed by The
9 M6 z- V2 Z3 {6 j- @Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal. He has been
6 S: a3 Z z9 k; j' oengaged in the translation work for over 28 years, not
2 g0 E+ ]( ]2 M; Z+ tonly having translated a great deal of Western scientific; P1 ?& ~" S! f- P( c# |: P
works into Chinese, but also having contributed greatly# y- n6 u) b: Y/ z2 a: q8 E! _6 x
to the standardization of the scientific terminology
8 G5 F. \3 S+ Y2 R; v# b* ^/ w( v ]translation. This paper first attempts to probe into Fryer’s
2 X+ H) f/ j( \1 Gscientific translation practice and his translation ideas,( j. C' w) t+ i% u9 y0 ?
and then points out that Fryer’s major contributions to the
! j' M* T, f% I% U7 I% X( I7 P& S4 G vstandardization of the scientific terminology translation
0 g3 Z Y0 M3 F( p5 B% Oin Modern China are that the magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien
~( w2 a; Q8 u' T* S& T4 {6 p; L$ Vhe established had helped greatly with the popularization- U5 b x; B: I7 F. @! ^
of modern scientific knowledge, that the book Mirroring9 n. n1 ~; y, }# {: b1 v1 V
the Origins of Chemistry he translated had paved the way" h! {( W" ?7 f' h3 L
for the term translation of modern chemical elements, and
; f3 v& Y: @7 \that various lists of bilingual technical terms he made, to a& U% ~& S9 Z6 b+ w
great degree, had standardized the translation of scientific$ W! t% }$ J+ t4 r
terminology.+ J9 a0 j# E: [4 u0 U7 O! ~
Key words: John Fryer; Scientific translation;
8 Q% M9 }+ B+ ?$ ]! a* oStandardization of terminology translation0 t5 N8 i/ _3 h
Yang, L. F., & Li, C. B. (2018). John Fryer’s Contribution to
2 r. m+ T! v$ E4 @$ z' q6 s. zStandardization of Translated Scientific Terminology in Modern) g- o9 [ L; v, y$ j! _# e* X
China. Studies in Literature and Language, 16 (1), 7-13. Available) ~0 L$ i- X& R/ q3 L/ S
from: http://www.cscanada.net/index.php/sll/article/view/10213; g, L, o; F+ B5 D6 M: B4 m1 T7 d, z
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3968/10213
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INTRODUCTION
0 e) m* z9 {8 u6 U: z" X$ _& B' iJohn Fryer (1839-1928) was an English missionary and
4 b% Q7 Q: c+ a5 p; `9 `6 K9 ha great translator in the late Qing dynasty (1840-1912).
6 w3 l5 r7 w3 p4 j. r- q3 R+ EDriven by his intense interest in China, Fryer came to
0 ~9 l, n9 g6 w9 s0 U# `: yHong Kong in the year of 1861 to serve as the dean of
0 ^6 _. m$ W: OSt. Paul’s College. And in 1868, Fryer was employed1 x5 X9 q7 A0 ^+ @- z0 e% }/ ?& E2 k
by The Translation Department of Kiangnan Arsenal as
! b% l8 ^, m% h9 x6 H! [an editor and chief translator. During the 28 years on! ^) w/ T4 c; J2 r
his job, with the help of his colleague Xu Shou (1818-' f! {# X) E+ y! I
1884), Fryer translated a great deal of Western scientific
/ O* q. o$ }+ f% Cworks and illustrated his translation ideas. As a foreigner,
8 F' I- o# p @. z0 t# UFryer adopted the Buddhist technique of oral instruction.
" r6 Q- U# F0 M+ O- o, L' E3 h. dNamely, sitting with his Chinese assistant, Fryer dictated
, U/ H z4 [/ Zto him sentence by sentence, while the Chinese assistant
3 d7 _9 s& `: A4 b. Vwould transcribe what Fryer said into literary Chinese,5 o6 E: `- ^ z' f P$ j! |0 z
revise the manuscript and correct errors. By this means,. F! d9 a8 Y' w
Fryer translated more than one hundred of Western
6 k( S( [% E' E t( }" J) dbooks that made him the most productive one among the# K9 U7 e+ o" Z2 E
foreign translators of that time (Wang, 1998). For Fryer,0 w4 O" J6 u+ R& J" }+ L+ g. ]2 ~
translating Western scientific books into Chinese was a+ s# X- l3 E5 a* h. c7 F, ?; {
noble work which could help accelerate the process of
; `4 ?0 l& R7 i: T( f( h' a% P( Opeople’s enlightenment of science (Chen, 2000, p.83).
3 f) Q9 M8 c, W" xIn addition to his achievements in translation, Fryer
' ?2 f. K+ X0 T6 a# {4 Ealso paid much attention to the dissemination of Western
6 m' W% t% Y- qscience and the standardization of translated scientific
# y0 F2 _, i$ m$ Z( gterms in Modern China. He set up the first scientific/ c7 [8 H' c+ x7 n
magazine Ko-chih-hui-pien (1875), and donated for the
& R- S% ^. Q& V. M3 Mestablishment of Shanghai Deaf-mutes School. Another8 a5 H) M: @5 J8 c, h5 b' _# q
contribution made by Fryer was that he translated a series' Y1 H4 _8 Y: r
of chemistry books which filled the blanks of chemistry in: [ i! F# x0 Q
Modern China.$ G. e8 I5 S" U7 ~9 X
An American scholar Dagenais (2010) published ]4 a& p' ~5 F: ^: l$ E+ |
The John Fryer Papers, which collected a great deal of7 m: o7 U# D8 L. Q
travel notes, letters and essays written by Fryer, providing
$ f+ ^' s2 Q: }! h( Z, _a lot of valuable information for the latter studies. In
- \2 O' Y* S1 Z- Q, E; q( j. @John Fryer: The Introduction of Western Science and% z* R* Y! |1 T1 s9 ^
Technology into Nineteenth-Century China, another |
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