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How to figure a home's fundamental value6 D3 y, U# `3 F6 a/ ?
Leamer says he can tell because homes, just like stocks, have a price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) that he believes determines their fundamental value. The “earnings” part of the ratio consists of the annual rent the house could command. Homebuyers can compare current P/Es with historical levels, Leamer says, to get some idea of whether houses in their cities are becoming overvalued.
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Not everyone buys the idea that P/Es dictate value. But investors who completely ignore P/Es do so at their peril, as many have learned in recent years. Leamer, who heads the prestigious Anderson Forecast at the University of California in Los Angeles, points out that the P/E for the Standard & Poor’s 500, a key stock benchmark, was nearly double its previous historical high when the stock market bubble burst in 2000. When home P/Es peaked in California, Boston, Dallas and other markets in the mid-1980s, devastating real estate recessions followed.$ |0 |+ q. w8 j1 d4 Q5 ^; R3 F, C
; Z a( `2 Z: M3 G; K0 ^5 C6 O) ]Leamer didn’t invent the concept of P/Es for homes. But his willingness to proclaim bubbles in several of the nation’s hottest markets has brought him lots of attention recently.
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To calculate P/Es for entire cities, Leamer divided the median home price in each by the annual rent for a two-bedroom unit in each city -- and looked at P/Es each year since 1988. Here’s what he found:: [# D5 K: D/ c6 d k
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3 ?) `5 x2 a, e3 Y; {3 D* E( N# ~In Boston, the residential real estate market’s P/E recently topped 30 -- compared with just under 20 in 1988., n" u/ @6 I) j7 Z9 |
/ ?. E" X9 o$ _8 O" ZSan Francisco’s previous peak of 25.6 in 1989 has been eclipsed, with the P/E currently at just over 27.
+ B/ F$ t7 b1 i9 l! E' N0 FSan Diego’s current P/E is nearly 30, compared with a 1989 high of 23.4.9 w C# k! [# I8 E
New York, by contrast, is actually well below previous peaks. The area’s current 22.5 P/E is above its recent nadir of 17.6 in 1993, but down from 28.6 in 1988.: z. x8 m4 d: v/ [. E0 f2 n n
You don’t have to know exact P/Es, however, to spot signs of trouble, Leamer says. Any time there’s a disconnect between prices and the underlying value of homes, as measured by their market rents, there’s the potential for a bubble. : w j5 _) s( n
8 F( c. @, p0 ? [; _4 k# o# D6 IIf home prices are rising much faster than rents, as is true in Los Angeles, that’s a strong indication a bubble is forming.
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If home prices are rising while average rents are falling -- which is the situation in San Francisco -- the bubble is pretty much unmistakable.
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1 B& C: v( D. j Home P/E ratios for 9 metro areas
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8 C$ I d9 l0 v l' ABoston 20.5 30.2
: [2 q9 b* f L4 ^& ^San Diego 22.8 29.7 ! N3 _3 D/ F' }( S' Z# C0 E4 k
San Francisco 23.8 27.2 & Z# c2 A3 z* q9 ]& Y1 n$ g0 F
Los Angeles 21.3 25.6 6 W' ]& U" i: P7 }! ?) _, R
Seattle 20.4 25
& M& C4 b6 X* X8 Z8 p wDenver 17.7 23.7
' p5 p0 [& d! R8 I+ H3 CNew York 21.2 22.5 + R5 R: Q: `5 N, I, t
Chicago 17.2 20.8
: i4 Z! m" S' i4 F- rWashington, D.C. 17.1 20.4
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' x- J6 g6 v5 g$ T6 ?& q! M3 ^It's difficult to compare P/Es from one city with those from another. P/Es in Atlantic City, N.J., have wavered between 17.3 and 11.6 since 1988; in San Diego, P/Es have not dropped below 20. But you can look on the P/E as a measure of risk -- that is, the higher the P/E is above its average level, the greater the risk, no matter where you live.
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; `1 n1 N. G3 a4 n4 S: p7 ^From: http://moneycentral.msn.com/cont ... ingguide/P37631.asp |
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