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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语1 b+ j# s) q7 F- g$ q

9 K1 ]0 j+ [; H; d! L4 `8 S8 s0 U+ \2 z; G' u$ ]/ q$ n. w
在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯# @# i( @4 w: g; z, c) A
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。7 G' s3 I) i0 b6 n. q* X  @
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
1 p' z' o2 R" n; T& n! D  h% b9 R7 n' Z9 q0 k$ {) n
(1) empty suit:
. I- k5 F2 D5 u+ k  J; W指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。. H: D8 c' _% T1 \: M* E, M; Q8 N. q( D* y
(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)* w. x9 F, d. M4 {- y4 _
例如:
5 w. L3 e0 u" a9 LAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
, \' B; R9 Q- V) Y(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)0 P1 v0 q1 W$ q! I7 _3 R  j
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.2 N1 [) w" A* c
(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)+ j! t2 I% h, a6 `7 z9 G" y
虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:( U, d1 B! B. ~2 G4 T0 Q
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits./ c, q) x, l, I# P$ D
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)! p  L$ S5 X# _$ |% o
(2) fair-haired boy:, S  J& c0 t* O7 G9 r
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
: _) e. E2 T2 y) b6 Z(通常用单数,当名词用)
: a3 n; ?* ^+ Z- ^9 p5 F8 i例如:
3 o7 r! t9 V  R) O# }Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.) F* z1 c3 E! V. _/ v) `
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
" R, `" e( P0 u8 ?0 qNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
1 r1 n, w+ V( m) ~0 j9 N+ Q/ b1 {; {(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)2 f" g1 k' q6 I  J" K
有时也可用复数:6 [% V, _, W: _2 ^0 R' h& r
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
7 T+ T( [. Y( k- V- N4 S0 @3 |(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
. d3 n( M: X2 {+ `0 |3 c9 ZFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.7 D# P( R- ^. R
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
* \9 [% K; R- S3 d: C$ Q(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
: @7 |# k6 N7 D4 j* v# Q/ `(3) fishing expedition:" y5 R0 X/ q. c# Q) C: U
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
3 n* n: R: Q% Y1 C9 t2 r(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)0 G, U3 e/ i5 B/ M' H, ]+ O
例如:
1 C' X6 w* F" L  d8 e# u( lThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
2 P" Y+ M1 e" ^0 ~/ G(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)7 ]& @9 u& T0 R8 @. j8 T) t" ]
The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
$ z) X/ v9 G2 s, G6 d( l& r(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)2 h' Y7 f7 x, x1 ^4 e5 j
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
$ _/ f6 \+ w- e' n% m$ b, o1 R8 ]The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War., g# S2 S9 M2 f
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)" |1 z. g- @2 n" u, G
偶尔也有人用复数:$ [/ F3 r3 W$ X4 a8 c' t
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.4 y! W* G2 n" S- _& Z: J
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
) r' R5 X5 b- B7 P3 F+ H, R6 g7 e: k(4) filthy rich:
" o; v5 b( G( b: C3 F. n+ m" E意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)+ P/ O# o! O- g& X! S# [. B
(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)& ^# w! V( U! u7 K+ x
多半当形容词用。例如:; T! m% a( @0 Y: K
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
% V% b) [' D3 d( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
) b. ~" {* q  o& s/ T# h% }% R5 rDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
0 J; R1 w4 x: C4 A" ]3 D5 }  a& O(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)! m1 i% S& H4 e+ c' p) L
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others., p! i% t0 F4 ^
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
/ |5 p# {% I. W+ r# @# S( A: C6 JFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.. e5 B% z4 n. C* }
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)0 W$ r3 p3 s# u$ D4 S
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
! G3 d" z8 |( {- I. ^; ?(5) fairy godmother:
* f& \# G: A) H% y指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)6 M9 A, b5 C, g0 b( w# M  m
(多半指有钱的女人)$ E+ W# w+ F/ L( V0 N1 O. o9 D- L
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:( @) U! Y6 h$ e1 h. ?( A3 m
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.* |8 _3 i: H8 }: r6 [0 u5 J/ g/ U
(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
2 q% M2 K% c: i' d2 k1 {7 y9 rAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
1 ~4 k* R- N! N5 D(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)# ~! t4 `. R- V0 ?0 H, l
有时也用复数:# A% y1 T# g2 t8 v. T3 W5 P
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.
0 E1 [. A6 `7 d. v" O' [+ q, B(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)$ H+ \& k% A% g& M1 @# t( C$ l9 B! B
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
: k. H- G0 X% f, U( g, q- q5 k2 n4 g(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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1 n) T3 d6 R; |* ]# g4 ^
5 s$ _- y$ N0 R6)eye opener:! w5 c. }: r3 K% E, L( Q
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
  r% ?+ r/ C; G( d(当名词用;通常只用单数)/ D0 j5 U2 a' ?. G6 |$ J1 i( z
例如:
. x8 Q/ y. ]4 `% o  HYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
! G, O/ ^" I  I+ _% g# V(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
+ L; m0 k/ R, {  y) r. Y0 T$ j( |Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
1 r( ]: q2 _2 X/ J8 `+ a(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
2 U4 L" s$ \& q2 m) H+ I& K) oThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
% {  A( Z2 F# z$ E$ E1 {+ I! H(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
0 F3 G6 L) O7 s* i4 tSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.* |' j, F% J; `0 v# l- A0 q
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
! @6 [8 ?* r9 E  H(7) hot dog:/ I; E, T, R' Q, n# O5 A
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用). X3 I8 h9 }: N* C$ }) K
例如:
/ u2 X0 f$ t7 \4 B, o9 |3 E; I( ISome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
6 j/ {2 B! j* ~9 H9 o5 L8 v(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
: ~. J) Y. g( E# h" ?(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)' \8 y1 m$ Y7 f( e/ }; u
In front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
& V2 g8 _3 N( s" b3 H+ K1 d(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
% w4 ^) K0 G& X7 }: M. H(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
/ A  ^( `5 }) r' D2 G& M2 qDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
% v0 ?$ E7 Y7 E, Q+ S) s. B(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)) C! e+ Z& |6 Z2 u* }0 @1 J* [
也指真正的热狗食物:& i! t" F0 U4 e$ Y: T# Y1 x2 |
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.
+ r$ a% U7 M+ u" k' O+ i& v(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)9 \; _$ t+ W* J/ K
也可表达欣赏的心情:
. ~' C6 ~! p9 b- p/ B# }Hot dog ! What great news for me.
7 `4 M" @1 j3 C/ Y9 y; p(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)! C, f2 C8 E- Y0 p5 C
(8)eager beaver:' u' n7 q6 N' N3 \' M9 J; C4 g
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
2 V! N  i& Q- W+ p& A- l( u* [(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
! c; i: r  K# m(当名词用,可指男女)
" d+ l. _5 i/ s, r1 q例如:
- ]8 d( U- ?$ vJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.
$ f* ^7 ?( a) Z+ L+ m0 D* H(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)% T# M$ B! e$ k% y4 {; `0 n& X. y6 U0 c
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
4 ]4 s/ b7 g0 S8 ~- h/ @(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
# `2 U5 y- p/ |" f  ?Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?
' Q. ]/ M. M7 Y9 ?7 b2 `! |+ a; u- T(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)6 a4 a3 j1 x3 t" P
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
, o" u" D, S1 t% p( r: u" h2 O# B(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
2 d+ P, w- c" k) g0 `(9)doubting Thomas:
8 M9 X/ u2 b- P1 ]- s这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)
  ~* B1 K) N, ?" V6 k# X4 G9 Z7 v(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活): p- x3 @- d# _% O( b
(当名词用)
4 D% Z: Y3 S- Z2 L" q例如:( X, l3 o. `# ]6 l
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.% K" @$ m! x/ {* |: Z# |
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
1 h" W) e( c* A" Y! PThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.3 U* l3 ~9 Y) J- f5 y, z, Y3 o
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。). l% P9 [& p, N/ K. z
也可用复数:
* t. y  m; @; c( `My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
6 u' o8 K1 f: ^6 G5 `7 K' \' c(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)) o# k3 V% ]* U( K
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
3 b1 Z8 t& j% e" j* L' A3 r(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
) `. ]& K* f8 \  Q+ N(10)dragon lady:  Z4 ?* G4 Q) ~8 _7 ]9 `6 w( N6 l
指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)
' n$ a9 H6 ~5 L# ^' Z) ~" A) ?例如:
9 i2 H3 \7 j* x% O! z# aThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.  X1 D1 S: k( _8 i' M( |
(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)& f3 t0 O* @, A. K2 s$ h2 i( A" t, w
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.: s# `9 z# @# s2 |& b, T1 o
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
: j+ n' s4 c/ F. A+ lShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?* e$ H& L1 Z4 b: `2 }8 {" D% l
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)7 s1 \- I+ F3 Z* G
也可用复数:: h; ~) K7 D1 }: ^: D1 ?
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
1 o" o0 ~! W2 P9 \/ p- ?(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
/ q1 T2 Y3 U: a( h: `0 F9 p4 R+ d注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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