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谈英语俚语3 f. i, g- z& ]4 H( { a
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
: L2 H8 m, X- S3 Y之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。1 T2 J9 a* s. h4 V2 f' N1 b
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!# |4 i* o6 s, u8 A7 e9 ^
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(1) empty suit:
4 g' A0 g0 u; W. Y& R) W: ?指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
, f+ U K9 s5 r7 G& n(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)# Z! L! S4 j" H5 d. W) E
例如:
$ ]' y7 y9 t' t6 A3 NAn empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.
7 g0 N# ? x4 c# C$ W |- b$ W(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
/ N0 }# s/ t7 x3 Y7 ]Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
0 g7 y" Y3 j B/ t3 O(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
( z! D1 F; q' `4 }! E( `( M虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
2 r" l- U4 `) {0 S5 JThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.# R6 J/ @( T, G# Y
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
4 N$ b8 p% n" h# V2 w( e(2) fair-haired boy:& z5 z% @0 Y) I9 B# p7 R i( }4 W
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)) L& x3 C5 S7 R0 h
(通常用单数,当名词用)
" f/ w- [6 b& j: \. f' Y$ r2 Q/ B例如:
: N# ?: P! r0 s3 H8 |Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent. `) m5 Q, F+ x
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)( a$ H, U" }8 y
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
- @+ w7 R6 N3 \* B( ?; p(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)9 }* S" I, f* c* I5 p8 K
有时也可用复数:, _7 c5 w( `9 ~4 R2 O
Mr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.
" M. y3 m. Y% [% L8 g; I(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)$ f" a* E. ~+ @" `$ p3 b/ |$ ^
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.6 C; Y( a( I1 n& b; L1 F, B; p5 X
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)5 q9 \" F: _8 \8 j$ [' R$ ^
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
; i* ^7 v5 W" d0 m6 w3 c& A `2 d(3) fishing expedition:7 E2 N% d. X3 p! K4 x
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)* y& `9 I5 E9 b" |8 r' u
(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数) D. a# z1 C- e! \
例如:
/ E% ^* r ], R) J- D zThe judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
5 Z+ w& D2 g$ v' S% R* c& u(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
1 l* j1 P* x% t0 V8 s9 z& YThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
' W) s* g- U2 j8 z3 s& _8 J(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)0 X3 g* @0 J3 Z$ [" ]
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)* I6 c. w! `5 Q& X8 O0 c
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.3 K6 Q2 a% X, s; a
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)9 L s2 A$ R* P8 s
偶尔也有人用复数:# ~6 _/ e9 H% O( l& c# _
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.: K) u6 d% W; b: m9 g
(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
9 f' {- M `* s$ o$ y! ]+ R, r(4) filthy rich:
( C" N* W9 Y9 @# L) K; \意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
G( Z$ l7 P! @( }! I8 ?(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
: T$ D- V* b' P1 D, `多半当形容词用。例如:0 {$ Y! L T( d" ]8 x0 u7 p( n) i
With a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
( [3 n U7 L' x8 T$ }9 W" M( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
; r" |$ d: R' N$ e! H$ [1 }3 pDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.# c/ |. p3 l9 n* v" @1 i1 M1 B9 c
(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)# d7 @4 ]7 H1 s0 Q2 K
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.5 W9 M$ a3 ] s5 P8 F+ W9 v
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
0 D( e( K$ ^8 f; o8 y& MFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
7 Y+ w" B [- F; |/ C7 W% f(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
/ E0 F* {- `7 n7 W(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
; ]1 t! y t& D( n9 ?: k& ](5) fairy godmother:0 |+ ^" U) C9 t% K% l) I1 A
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance), } b) v# P4 _4 y+ X% q- q
(多半指有钱的女人)( d3 q/ u: |( Y1 f+ B% o' L" e+ A
(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:9 A/ a" ~2 V! V6 d1 ^ `- I3 z
Mr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
! Q$ s( T; J- t4 r- M6 \8 G* Y(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
' ^7 v6 T, m, b8 Q$ j+ h* O+ `After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.' B6 R# j6 n6 K+ n
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)$ T" }# J# k9 x. u" ]8 Z$ g
有时也用复数:
/ E3 p I' D# R- M6 H% n" xOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.$ G, E8 {* J# h, B5 W
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)8 D6 k6 {0 T7 Q. ~
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.
; x B" \) o! V1 d' \3 R(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)+ y' T. y! n1 Z
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8 V9 Q" t0 A" t6)eye opener:+ t! @5 a) R: t' d1 L2 X( e
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)7 }2 {4 R- i$ M4 g
(当名词用;通常只用单数)8 C& N3 W7 m3 j2 E/ O* @% F4 x
例如:0 R" U1 p7 f$ u% r
Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
% ^: L5 l- H: U7 U(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。). h& Y1 k! y( G1 B1 D `
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.6 E3 O7 P+ t( d$ Y! o; x1 J
(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
# k) C! C- V& y3 b; _7 BThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.1 v7 k- n+ I8 H6 ?$ _
(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
" }' K* o) z( d, k5 |Some American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.0 h! _7 I8 N7 Y0 r' ]6 [
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)
$ N2 B. g2 g( n9 h1 n( v, d. G(7) hot dog:+ X |8 G7 m7 j1 o7 b& A- j
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)
/ V" I8 b, B1 ~例如:* e; q% W- Y% A
Some young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.5 H1 G0 a0 r- v& E4 q
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)- i4 F o' F2 W( ~; H( e
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
3 z; _- d5 ]9 rIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog." x9 I; [# s1 w$ p
(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)0 `* w; j, L+ a4 l: A4 P
(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)' ]$ ?& E* W$ O" ]
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.4 w6 a! E; t8 r1 L* N' P. J
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
1 a4 K/ I) V6 A$ z也指真正的热狗食物:
. L0 [- f% k8 G: SThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.- i! x* H7 j J* o+ R$ D* b
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)" B' j' K$ d/ ?, g1 ?
也可表达欣赏的心情:
9 o: }' h1 B. C, s6 L9 L- vHot dog ! What great news for me.8 j' C/ d3 s- n3 W: @2 V' Z" r
(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
5 p3 W" B- m+ Y1 g(8)eager beaver:
. E* A) l6 a: |$ z" Q& f指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)( n& S8 p4 ?. C, T T1 ~0 ]& o
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)1 F8 W. E M, B. H( G. q1 P! C
(当名词用,可指男女)6 g2 @$ i4 `& |/ \
例如:
! Z8 R" O; @7 @2 }John seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.1 C4 i7 V3 @0 X. |8 s
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)2 Y" q" d$ z. ~
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.
! R3 @1 } B3 a' Q/ ~/ `. ](他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)
; X+ D3 L, U( y% t( f. S, c( s& V% MDoes Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?/ c& ^: ]6 H/ w% h" S
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)1 J8 p9 [) |# _9 h9 B
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.5 a$ ^# j; j9 t2 t1 t& Y
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
; S0 e- ]* L" d(9)doubting Thomas:0 N2 a* c I* `* h, j: L5 E3 ^ j2 I+ i. K
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others). F6 @- k9 M' {4 a. P0 a
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
7 F+ d% P, c# m$ w. H3 D j# i7 M(当名词用)
0 K; O' y' L& x: ?& R例如:& I* S% r3 O$ z* V5 ~0 [( e# ?
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.9 u- Z% C( S( `% w' u
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
3 z7 v2 C# C% q$ N! P# C _, g' b" CThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.8 v0 H+ @" O- T: L& V2 ^9 k4 k; Y
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
3 ^8 ?% k/ j2 Y$ [/ ]1 K8 @4 s也可用复数:) {4 T; j1 M& {
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
5 S. A0 F. J) j, @(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)) o, z8 H$ c! E( ^9 z% Q# H* F
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.7 L0 J' d6 x* q3 D% F+ I, U
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)
6 I7 e6 S2 a' p& `5 i(10)dragon lady:
w* i5 C) W' \7 F9 q. R) K指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用), T% Z0 Z( ?& P' {
例如:; N m a) T8 |( w
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
# [& j7 j/ Q$ ?( D9 r(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)! p5 i- c5 ~4 z+ F
I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
+ m2 a. m" I; P(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
* A. O& K& F8 }! J* U8 U7 ^+ \( }9 AShould your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?
~+ K- u# P* |" s. G/ c(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
' X; q! x: \6 W" @# r4 `' M$ m也可用复数:, `5 z7 v, |5 x4 t8 ^! O* m
There may be many dragon ladies in our community. r- i- A9 I5 T0 V; v/ Y
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)
, |2 T* G& D7 z+ W3 c2 T3 k3 j0 r1 X+ K注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表 |
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