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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语
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在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯
. ^* L2 G; R6 G0 |" M之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。, K) y& w; b" w5 [9 k- a: F5 k
若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!
9 [4 C" M0 B% {& ~& T* A) b# d# t, R- [' Q' C9 _4 W+ P3 ^. X! L
(1) empty suit:/ H- t9 K0 d$ B1 [; \$ e0 G
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
; _) r# L5 Y. ^2 V% p" L(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)
3 p+ A: |% I5 g/ k4 @例如:2 S1 y( [2 L. V% a# Y
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.& |+ F: v3 _2 V7 e0 w
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。)
7 e! J; Q4 C( D6 {; QMr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
; O* G+ _* \+ r(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
# S5 [! |0 V2 Y9 d( i* L虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:8 X3 t! w" ^* c9 p3 T# U. w
The company is filled with a lot of empty suits.
  b+ n+ V/ |( ?/ k8 \' o(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)6 V8 V1 P* w: h  N8 l6 o( W
(2) fair-haired boy:' b. [  F) z: v, b- [
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man)
) F. x7 F% }3 `3 Q! Z& \# I" l) M(通常用单数,当名词用)2 Z0 V; V# b/ f9 ?; \0 V) v
例如:
$ I8 n* }( m1 H& Z! B) vMr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.
% C0 V4 |4 F3 _6 g4 L( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)/ S  V+ @7 `" n4 @* R. O/ t
Not being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.* J  D7 m4 I3 I9 X
(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)' ~* J- I( r4 h2 o, u& u5 X
有时也可用复数:
) h& S1 D% K* R0 K* b# N  JMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.1 Z2 X' p* ^) G
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)
% A+ T! D1 {1 d& Q* Q/ JFair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses./ u. b5 f! m8 x% {# v; b( l
(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)
+ P: x+ _5 y! K" a) t* l5 W# S(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法)
& T0 T$ Q( O2 c. \(3) fishing expedition:5 I& _5 S! \. o0 d5 \7 D# P
为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
7 f9 R+ z( G' Y) j2 T(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)
6 Y% `: q0 g9 A$ u3 ]3 z; {例如:- U' H( n7 `* p2 n2 o/ c9 N
The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him./ x7 V7 h9 R( y/ O" [& }5 \
(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
/ E( c9 P8 u/ _The police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.
8 F3 X( L) D, O% n5 N! x(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。)7 o# V- `" h1 V2 a  c  k
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)
6 r7 u) }5 R! |4 AThe reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.
' C. W8 ]. v' P(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。)' a' c( \3 O9 v2 M$ T2 a
偶尔也有人用复数:6 d. k# [; Y- z6 k8 G. B+ }
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
+ v' Y, G/ t; w% x- q" I* ^/ a(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)
$ R: R% c9 b& w* W8 F% _(4) filthy rich:
( U1 o- a) s& F意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
0 B, z7 m: |. j- K" Y% K$ G(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)% E. _) L. ?% c6 F4 W
多半当形容词用。例如:
4 ]5 t8 t! b" z& ]2 Y9 wWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.
1 U* z6 k- v; |; Z( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)( Z8 l/ d7 e4 N) g% g* _
Despite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
7 P  G4 L! K5 F! Y(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)  O. ~2 W6 o8 \+ Y8 Y# b" q
A filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.$ T' h, p5 q7 U& p4 O. A
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)
1 s3 R: P2 s% D  sFilthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.  Q+ c) d% k- m
(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)
+ L1 A. O+ w2 d$ y# r1 J(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
; v, t4 p3 N5 K, f2 f3 j$ u8 A(5) fairy godmother:4 c" Q; I& z( B
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)7 r8 x' X8 p9 E1 S) P  V. @
(多半指有钱的女人)
, t: A6 @4 ~" j/ A0 k(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
) }  l5 S/ i% R! U1 zMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
( A  x6 l  g; ~/ i) O0 Y' a(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)8 D6 U& s$ `. Z! J+ Z0 d
After lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.
% X( Z9 b" t1 Z7 L) P; v( z(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
. Z) t3 J3 t4 h4 A) O有时也用复数:* h$ h1 \- E& s, v5 g9 D6 h" j
Only business women can act as fairy godmothers.( J; A& V# {+ C9 D# G$ [
(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)1 ?' y( _' s  N" m# \
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.& p# U1 L: Z0 f& B
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)5 E2 ?& y* E$ M' H9 Y- p$ D! \

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4 i& k- t- L7 y6)eye opener:
3 b0 @/ S! ~% s) I7 ]( W8 k/ }5 n指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion)
, s" M/ n. r% G' X: m6 z(当名词用;通常只用单数)
; n6 T) X7 ^% p2 a6 v; r1 {例如:
6 u+ X4 T8 A' D' z" KYour wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.
8 M, V: X: c  F4 [(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)% Y% h* Q$ P, C& W
Mr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
  k! j$ \/ D$ F1 b2 }4 s(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)7 ]& A& U  z. d1 d( \7 m
The popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
0 V# H- K3 q* K* z(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
7 p: ]* B' @' H  n( W# u( `0 USome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.+ P5 y5 W: x% t
(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)% d- I1 s" f4 h+ s( Y
(7) hot dog:( z! T/ P' K7 h5 f* u
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)' W$ u! C$ t, O) J$ Q
例如:
( L, T5 v5 n( d- N1 B: bSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.
5 C$ X$ |& t. M+ ~7 `) v+ Z3 m- \" K(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)
6 `* X$ [! u4 J. g6 i% [(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
# a7 \7 M* h; A( I5 g. qIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
1 W' r' r0 m# j5 s: q. p9 v(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
" a) Z% Z/ V2 j# {8 }( s(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)3 ?7 \$ P0 ]4 b1 L# K
During the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.  W- H/ ^/ H: [/ T6 w1 I: D
(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)
; X8 T$ [$ O5 O* Z也指真正的热狗食物:- S( n4 S/ B2 N/ u' |1 ]5 C# X% }, x' i
The hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.. y  Q- O2 a6 c  e. k
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)- l8 N) [" T: ?
也可表达欣赏的心情:
4 J7 z. ]& O9 [( v( DHot dog ! What great news for me.
5 S: }9 P7 z- v(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)
$ s4 @7 u2 }1 V. }1 h7 J(8)eager beaver:0 V4 F9 F, \1 c7 Q: ~
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)
9 ?* U9 B6 C; U* c& d(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
/ t: _3 _8 V8 b0 b(当名词用,可指男女)
! W' v7 ?6 V* u( J例如:
; m# b0 r1 L4 \) FJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.5 S# X/ V5 y8 i' m5 e3 `
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)7 G; K) U; h/ e/ l% {* L; b
Being an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.0 q1 p8 x) @9 e* Z. P& l
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)2 M9 y0 ?) X: T$ V8 Z6 [6 [/ x
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?0 l& c* J: M& t, a) J- p
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)7 j) T- Q* I, g" N4 {5 M
You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.* q7 v+ h3 K) V6 b2 |3 |1 ?
(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
1 O. O" o5 h5 E1 s8 O(9)doubting Thomas:
1 k5 F+ E% s9 ]# Q这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others)) P* W- D- I1 U3 p8 g/ S9 |
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
6 \* n3 c6 q! f+ O8 {0 ~(当名词用). ]8 i) s( v7 f4 w' f3 i# L
例如:" ?7 Y6 _5 c! _% t# Z7 W" \
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise./ j# w" m* R6 {) S6 K# }
(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)
( w' f4 h& `- [" r: VThere must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.( O1 J1 M2 o1 O7 m0 `
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
2 U1 E1 R  ^+ s  x' w( d3 Z8 ]也可用复数:
& E1 H( P. A1 K5 L5 lMy friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.
% {% w* y# ~* A9 J1 B1 }- ](我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)
) t, e4 {7 F3 W! nIf there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.2 p4 O+ v9 @* I( R1 z& o2 Q
(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)/ s3 U! o1 q7 s: B6 Q% T' Q
(10)dragon lady:
. {! d9 m# f. L& E) n指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用)* w. n9 d# O  x' c5 v+ F
例如:
6 N& M7 p& \  S9 t1 l. cThe chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
  x8 f# Y; s4 Q8 C% F(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
+ q. U- e  ?/ ^0 B3 ^) @4 q- `I am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.5 Q9 C; b* V1 S0 c' M
(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)4 u; P' e  a! t
Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?% ]+ W8 X: V9 B( b/ G8 Q" u, M
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)! f! c5 j# [3 D7 \. w$ c  i
也可用复数:
4 |) F. u  P) n! D7 J1 `& ]" \There may be many dragon ladies in our community.9 I" W# f. l& Z8 e5 x
(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)3 O3 Q. @! y7 a: R2 Y
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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