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谈英语俚语

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发表于 2006-11-26 05:56 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
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谈英语俚语0 ?* u! _3 s9 l8 T2 E) s7 c/ f
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/ {. V3 Q( Y0 l4 H4 T# X4 ?在中文报章杂志上,常看到一些英语俚语(口语)的中文翻译。诸如「黑羊」、「踢水桶」、「阿奇里斯5 \0 m) o- k0 \( k- ]. A- R% B
之踝」等等。其实这些译文都是来自英语「black sheep」、「kick the bucket」和「Achille's heel」。
% i3 o' K- g  U( R5 G' Y2 `( o若是这些译文不附加原文予以解释,恐怕「迷惑」的读者,不在少数。这不是影响了语文的沟通目的吗?为此,介绍一些这类的英语俚语(在此称之为「特别字眼」),也许对某些读者会有点助益!2 W" ^" n$ I. O7 b
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(1) empty suit:% j: q7 @" ^1 C3 t" z$ s2 E7 M% K
指不重要的人或假冒者 ( an unimportant person or a phony) 多半用在商业上,当名词用。
2 l6 q( C' {1 s8 {# o(这本是business term,指虽然穿著整齐全套的 business suit,却不能干、没有能力,不受尊敬的人。)! \+ I& {! \( v0 C: D
例如:( F) y  ^7 f5 l8 @) d  o" f6 c
An empty suit generally gets no attention from the public.# w, _7 F( a: A* S  {
(一位虚伪不实的人,通常不会受到大众的注意。), I. ]% n$ p; \& W, J
Mr. Lee acts like a big shot, but he is just an empty suit.
$ I+ r0 T, k3 p9 _) Z(李先生装著像位大人物,但他只是不重要的人。)
+ i1 w8 m: j4 ~4 e( o虽然这句话,多半只用单数,但有时也用复数:
. h% X; g) O3 FThe company is filled with a lot of empty suits.. v7 A1 ^# I+ n8 g. Q% X3 Z. m
(这公司有许多虚伪不重要的人)
1 r9 b* n* b- ~3 d- O: s(2) fair-haired boy:- t$ A4 u- V5 n4 s! \3 F
指得宠的人,也就是宠儿,多半指男人(a fa-vorite person usually referring to a man), Q( c! f0 A$ c9 }* ~+ N; j& M
(通常用单数,当名词用): @4 {6 y5 r0 `8 V5 A0 l
例如:4 e% E( v6 F0 B, R; q. Y
Mr. Cheney has become a fair-haired boy to the presi-dent.: S  t7 M3 l) g8 s1 a
( Cheney 先生变成总统的宠儿。)
) _) |& a4 f$ s* _' {& J5 mNot being a fair-haired boy, Mr. Wong never gets pay-raises and promotions.
5 w, H( g7 I/ y$ K8 `(王先生不得宠,从未得到加薪和升级。)7 N( L7 W- m, j. `& ?$ M2 m$ N
有时也可用复数:
3 o/ q4 Y* d( `! b* lMr. Bush selected two former fair-haired boys for his cabinet.. h# S7 x, ~; f* s+ w* [
(Bush 先生为他的内阁选用两位过去的宠儿。)/ x: |5 x5 F- G! F, B- B
Fair-haired boys tend to receive special treatment by their bosses.
7 E" F: {7 p/ ?(得宠的人,较会受到他们上司的特别待遇。)" ?; Z9 Z* V( W3 [* f
(但没有 fair-haired girl 的说法). @/ R+ o/ Q0 N! ]- I" b5 o
(3) fishing expedition:
2 j( F9 V( P' [. B! ]9 P  ]为了搜罗新闻材料而进行盘问或调查(Try to ask questions to get more useful information)
4 `( B3 q9 Q1 V0 N6 i9 t4 l(这句话本是 legal term,当名词用,多半用单数)% Q, P( l( s2 [" n' K5 O  O
例如:
. }% z, f1 _+ A9 q% k) ?The judge said the prosecutor was on a fishing expedi-tion and stopped him.
% {8 Q1 H1 Z$ M1 A, Z* w8 R+ {4 H(法官说原告为搜罗罪证而进行调查,要他停止。)
2 u" z3 N0 w+ o( e0 OThe police are on a fishing expedition in order to solve(或 resolve)the murder case.  m* }/ M# L, p9 k* B
(警察进行调查盘问,以便侦破谋杀案。): Q; h  ~  Z0 ~- e! e: n
(注:solve 和 resolve 都有「解决」的意思,但通常solve用在「问题上」,resolve 用在「争执」上。solve the problem 而 resolve the conflict)' D2 s$ F. ^6 b, d/ _0 v* ^% a
The reporter went on a fishing expedition about the president's involvement in the Iraq War.6 m# \3 J4 H- q$ E# x" _& Z
(记者搜罗有关总统卷入伊拉克战争的新闻资料。), [9 {! e5 T% Q1 r$ S
偶尔也有人用复数:6 @# z/ c) m8 }
Several fishing expeditions have been made before he decides to run for office.
9 F$ r1 S' K: r3 e(在他决定竞选之前,他做了数次的收集资料调查。)4 n4 X5 l' k0 M1 N" N/ k& z7 N! z
(4) filthy rich:
3 U6 X- D: V; K& C% J4 e意思是很富有,很有钱。(very wealthy)
  m9 Q7 F% l. x* r(未必是不义之财或肮脏钱)
0 s) Y( Q) Z6 J7 A' X0 ~$ w多半当形容词用。例如:
9 k$ Q: n; {. l* P& i% {: A3 CWith a beautiful mansion and an expensive car, Mr. B must be filthy rich.: Q( n4 b5 X. {
( B先生住著富丽堂皇的大厦,开著昂贵的汽车,他一定很有钱。)
* v; `; ~7 |6 t9 A4 t6 yDespite being filthy rich, Mr. C is still leading his life in a frugal way.
2 S# |( w( |9 ~3 ^(尽管 C 先生很富有,他仍然过著简朴的生活。)
2 \9 H8 j4 G% PA filthy rich person tends to have a superiority complex toward others.+ W% Z* G: \8 B) A: Y
(有钱者对他人有优越感的倾向。)! C/ H! G) u% x7 |
Filthy rich people are not necessarily well-respected unless they possess noble characters.
# X9 E/ G5 r6 d; V( m; L(有钱人未必受人尊敬,除非有高尚的品格。)& R9 H1 ?: ~& x& \' ]2 n/ K1 ~- U4 O
(注:但没有 cleanly rich 的说法)
/ U% F1 G' i% n2 t7 B& t# [% j(5) fairy godmother:& o& s& o: t4 |% i7 M1 j
指及时慷慨提供帮助的人(someone who unex-pectedly gives generous assistance)) }7 J  `2 W8 Q; q" |. p
(多半指有钱的女人)
2 c) t8 e9 `; ~  |/ m- n# T(这是来自 fairy tale, 指女人有 magical power;因为童话故事里没有男人,故不说 fairy godfather。当名词用。例如:
- x! k; ?6 @  @; l& pMr. A has a fairy godmother who gave him fifty thou-sand dollars.
2 l- k7 _' i$ n( ^" l' l(一位有钱的女人,帮助A先生五万元。)
7 |0 E* }" I. j; p5 y0 a/ _  d3 lAfter lifelong savings, Mrs. B donated all her money to a charity organization like a fairy godmother.: o5 V8 K9 O8 A' u7 ?
(B 太太将一生的积蓄全部捐给慈善机构。)
1 X9 g! k" x5 v, i4 K8 N有时也用复数:
* Z" ~0 I# T- I7 B8 P7 E4 WOnly business women can act as fairy godmothers.
6 j5 U& k  a: [(只有商场上的女人才能提供金钱帮助他人。)# ^, H; N% p5 U' n' Y
In Chinese society very few fairy godmothers can be discovered.; |# |" A5 I  K9 {& r; |; ?7 N6 D
(在中国社会里,很少有钱的女人慷慨捐助。)
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6)eye opener:6 T$ x  W9 ^0 K0 X/ C% m' d( e. \9 K
指令人瞠目的事物或使人恍然大悟的发现。也就是惊人的新发现或启示(shocking news or revela-tion): [$ x9 [0 a: T- `- u& ^
(当名词用;通常只用单数)
2 H* i2 m4 Q8 W  V" J; `3 {例如:
: H! n- o2 Q' W" O  m% r# ^Your wonderful article on marriage was certainly an eye opener to many youngsters.: i7 ^  E3 e/ |& i
(你那篇有关婚姻的好文章,使许多年轻人获得启示。)
* _) _0 r6 m% p& oMr. Wong's speech about U.S./ China policy seemed to be an eye opener.
- @/ p( C5 {$ G% |(王先生的中美政策讲演使人恍然大悟。)
5 D4 P1 ~" I& m* u8 BThe popular World Journal in North America is an eye opener for many Chinese immigrants.
$ H, }6 \% q2 k' `(大名鼎鼎的世界日报是北美许多中国移民惊喜的新发现。)
* {8 T( {/ `7 o2 \4 e% lSome American customs and ways of thinking can be an eye opener to many Chinese people.
) c- _* ~0 E4 [# h3 d(美国一些的风俗习惯和想法,让许多老中感到惊奇。)4 `2 h& ~5 \0 A% a
(7) hot dog:) s" @/ w# E4 W
指喜欢卖弄冒险的举动,或爱出锋头的惊险动作。(one who performs showy or dangerous stunts ; a show off) ( 可当名词或动词用)+ T# }* a# _; k3 @
例如:
: J1 d. M- Z* i  ]3 E- @, R: l, V% JSome young people are hot dogs behind the wheel, speeding all the time.* f; Q) K: t7 e( Y# P
(一些年轻人开车时,常做些超速的惊险动作。)5 L$ p) N% H2 E+ w$ P
(这里的 hot dogs = hot doggers)
1 ?9 q% J9 w$ e- {. W+ j0 }2 ?# dIn front of his girlfriend, the teenager was trying to hot dog.
) i( [- i4 ?( L(在女友面前,年轻人做出一些卖弄技巧的花招。)
, g+ ?- A% C6 l+ {(动词时态是:hot dogged, hot dogging)
$ t2 E, \) n1 r1 DDuring the air force show, one of the pilots was a dan-gerous hot dogging flyer.
) v. h. Z- M# h! e$ c# R- V- U(在空军表演时,一位飞行员做惊险的飞行动作。)( n% O2 D$ k% I3 l% l% y" A$ j
也指真正的热狗食物:
" K+ u3 A9 u7 R6 p3 o3 XThe hot dog is one of the favorite fast food in the U.S.; W3 r( B$ _3 F3 M! f1 F
(在美国热狗是一种受欢迎的快餐。)
# `  ^2 ?/ V# ]/ D# }- {也可表达欣赏的心情:
, q8 R0 N9 w" n1 V* R0 `9 }Hot dog ! What great news for me.
% Q, I# U7 P) c! w. z" g4 M(真棒!对我来说是好消息。)) B/ O# W  P7 ~
(8)eager beaver:/ ^" W- u- d) n; r3 ]' z% V/ l
指做事非常卖力的人,也许为了给人良好的印象。(one who likes to work harder in order to impress others)" q$ M% Z: J# i' l! y
(这句话是来自二次世界大战,新兵为了讨好长官而卖力工作。)
9 n1 v( `8 v' U(当名词用,可指男女)" P8 j# O& H5 x& X; G% T+ ]
例如:
; B% {9 v& {  Y( s# a6 c/ q2 ?; O6 BJohn seems an eager beaver because he always comes early and leaves late.- ?; A9 t4 y. F4 Q7 z. i
(John 似乎是十分卖力的人,因为他总是来得早,走得晚。)
" S8 _: u. I  ~" u, I! qBeing an eager beaver, he sometimes is not well-liked by his colleagues.  D- P. m2 s2 O
(他做事异常卖力,有时不受同事喜欢。)$ \% `5 t% A; P
Does Mr. B have a long-lasting attitude as an eager beaver?+ [# Y8 ]1 E3 T( M
(B 先生做事非常卖力,那是长久以来的态度吗?)
; P/ c) f7 O+ h. X/ c" p- |You may find some eager beavers in any organizations.
: Q7 K$ v* ]6 h& @0 n(在任何机关里,你总会发现一些对上司竭力讨好的人。)
6 M; _! q* r( q3 X* O(9)doubting Thomas:$ @, p: ]& w! y, s' i7 [
这是指不信任所有的人,几乎是一种怀疑主义者。(one who is always doubtful toward others); C  k' N, S6 x
(这原出于圣经,因耶稣门徒 Thomas 不信基督的复活)
/ r" g4 }) U& V9 @/ Z# N* R(当名词用)
9 m% j3 Q0 J2 b% q8 [% N6 d  h例如:1 ^% p/ f7 B; y) d! ~
I am not trying to be a doubting Thomas about Mr. Wong's keeping promise.
8 a$ B. @2 ^4 u* z5 {& J(我不怀疑王先生的承诺。)$ W0 u) e/ S* h" N* n
There must have been some unpleasant experiences for Mr. B to become a doubting Thomas.( y" M+ X) A1 K4 `
(B 先生不信任他人,也许因为有不愉快的经验所致。)
4 h9 I7 H9 ^# C: ?' Q& V5 o9 ~8 s也可用复数:8 d+ _1 D$ e3 p$ u: P
My friends are doubting Thomases toward many Chi-nese business people.  H3 C' q9 \5 ^/ |
(我朋友对许多中国商人不信任。)$ N2 ]# l; N3 e  D. v2 o, N# y
If there are too many doubting Thomases in our society, people will lose confidence with one another.
- @  y! E6 e# U% [4 A(假如社会上有太多的怀疑主义者,那么人与人之间的信心就会丧失。)' f% O8 c1 O0 y2 q0 G' e: A
(10)dragon lady:
- k5 v- C( b2 ?5 ]1 k) {- x* s9 J0 y指生气、不友善或凶险的女人。(angry, un-friendly or dangerous woman)(当名词用); \+ _+ |" d" M' N* P) `
例如:) j0 n2 P- S% z( e0 m) |! j
The chairman's secretary is so snoffy and nasty that she is considered a dragon lady.
4 u) W0 v, v1 }* A  m9 s8 T(主席的秘书,很自大,脾气差,她被视为凶恶的女人。)
8 u0 `9 ]" t2 b' S  `0 q* QI am sure no woman likes to be called a dragon lady.
) R- m7 h! n( @( S0 K. ?& Q(我相信没有女人喜欢被称为凶恶的女人。)
" f5 O- V! h0 R5 ~Should your girlfriend happens to be a dragon lady, are you going to breakup with her?: V- E# B& s8 F7 `- P, H& m
(假如你的女友成了凶恶的女人,你要与她分手吗?)
0 u  X5 c1 k- V) X$ P4 [也可用复数:% m1 u* f3 i4 Z) l- P  M
There may be many dragon ladies in our community.
6 @5 g7 e7 z/ R9 i(在我们社区里也许有不少凶女人。)! G4 u5 k0 i+ _& t0 d
注:老外指凶恶男人,不用 dragon gentleman,利用英国侦探小说里的中国恶棍傅满洲(Fu Manchu)为代表
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发表于 2006-11-26 22:31 | 显示全部楼层
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