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发表于 2014-4-2 22:36
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本帖最后由 绿袖子 于 2014-4-2 23:42 编辑 ; w3 q. c, e: i% {9 P' b6 K1 l7 u
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Can you determine the origin (country) of a product from the barcode ?
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5 E' i n* c9 D2 F' o7 e& i5 V5 eBar codes are something most of us never think about. If you look in your fridge or pantry right now, you will find that just about every package you see has a bar code printed on it. In fact, nearly every item that you buy in a grocery shop, supermarket or superstore has a bar code on it somewhere.
2 V) U7 o( `: ]: [Bar codes were first used commercially in 1966, but it was soon realised that there would have to be a common standard. By 1970, the Universal Grocery Products Identification Code (UGPIC) was written by a company called Logicon Inc. The standard was further improved and led to the Universal Product Code (UPC) symbol set. To this very day, this standard is used in the United States and Canada . In June of 1974, the first UPC scanner was installed at a Marsh's supermarket in Troy, Ohio, and the first product to have a bar code was Wrigley's Gum.' Z9 [# s) I% Y9 R1 o
The Universal Product Code was the first bar code symbology widely adopted. Its birth is usually set at 3 April 1973, when the grocery industry formally established UPC as the standard bar code symbology for product marking. Foreign interest in UPC led to the adoption of the EAN (European Article Numbering) code format, similar to UPC, in December 1976.! n+ f0 c$ X/ R3 W0 j0 O! d# C% L
Currently, the United States and Canada use UPC bar codes as their standard for retail labelling, whereas the rest of the world uses EAN. Since January 1, 2005 all retail scanning systems in the USA must be able to accept the EAN-13 symbol as well as the standard UPC-A. This change will eliminate the need for manufacturers who export goods to the US and enjoyedmontoncts.
$ `; E. n4 c7 X% ~ e" y& PThe first 2 (sometimes 3) digits, which are called the “flag”, indicate in what country the bar code was issued. This “flag” does not tell you, however, in what country the product was produced.( I+ c; E3 M2 g7 r
The country codes used are :7 s* d$ G2 S a" }& x1 D& O
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CODE \COUNTRY
' y! E2 p* U0 E% M$ C2 ~2 V00-13 USA & Canada- V/ S, V" L8 n1 e; e
20-29 reserved for local use (shops/supermarkets)& ]) r" X# f: h$ N4 O
30-37 France
8 v6 q: l+ w& S0 s; e$ i% N8 F8 r380 Bulgaria
4 [1 |" F! C( i9 p6 o) t383 Slovenia
# I' {0 [& R; M: M9 l) F3 x385 Croatia+ K; g" R: K0 w; B7 I) i
387 Bosnia-Herzegovina2 T) m. m2 Q6 f' m. H& X! I
400-440 Germany
0 V+ [: G4 F, ^45 Japan+ ~+ l8 G) ?1 Z! o- V+ V
46 Russian Federation
' {; a; r5 D3 J X471 Taiwan, @9 A' p: Y9 L" o* N
474 Estonia
) r; v: _& i$ ~, m0 G; m9 T475 Latvia
% U0 j6 m( j5 g* O3 w4 L476 Azerbaijan; K" P, X3 O' Z4 W1 ~8 I
477 Lithuania" N$ K* J- @9 b
478 Uzbekistan0 a) s2 ~9 R; _# ?# O/ h
479 Sri Lanka
7 b7 x' b2 T. \) d1 W7 n480 Philippines
3 S8 Z8 K0 W8 |( l$ A5 p; ]481 Belarus
9 P9 ]8 m. E2 [7 p- w; ^482 Ukraine5 g+ m7 ~* W8 D8 w2 y
484 Moldova! S/ g5 `# R$ j
485 Armenia
: K7 v6 x q3 b- N' k% _486 Georgia1 X. @/ ~0 g% G0 s$ }
487 Kazakhstan
/ d* C( H% q) N$ I( K( Y0 W9 I6 k489 Hong Kong& m; ?% I! I6 J# p) @# y( ~8 t& q
49 Japan# n2 R3 Y- x7 C$ J% k* V6 J5 N
50 UK
7 J9 L' |) O9 n520 Greece
# ^) \2 o* X! i2 a528 Lebanon9 L g" q8 n# w) S
529 Cyprus
6 A0 S; u- J4 h% y6 I$ }' t531 Macedonia
: l& l" g' x3 q/ L7 G0 Z% R! X: ~- B535 Malta
8 |+ S# x; T5 Y. d; w539 Ireland
7 e. x: p) W! c5 |4 C$ o& K+ n54 Belgium & Luxembourg
% h" f* G% z7 x560 Portugal
+ S- n3 k: S/ v5 T569 Iceland- t: x. x1 f$ q* u$ z
57 Denmark
R5 y, b/ A6 p9 b590 Poland( z& c/ p8 [' j( Z
594 Romania
+ j4 t1 f% v ]) X2 K, K599 Hungary
. `5 F! l# N1 o600-601 South Africa
. R( t: I& e% { i* W4 S$ M609 Mauritius& n- W5 x7 t: s3 f
611 Morocco5 n6 }) y; s' d+ y3 {
613 Algeria
1 N- H" L3 H2 A619 Tunisia& P( x' j: g; Q0 A! g
621 Syria+ N5 O" c7 S; _' `( S3 \; B# D
622 Egypt
# a" K* M h9 E+ Q624 Libya
8 Q3 ?! w8 a! Z$ I625 Jordan7 `( k1 O5 D0 q
626 Iran
! R4 p* r' y# d& ?627 Kuwait
4 W, o; q9 X+ Y628 Saudi Arabia) p/ k. b( S5 I2 v
629 United Arab Emirates& n0 H( B, T5 ^/ w! O$ f. C1 l
64 Finland% h7 t' {/ z$ L# B% V
690-692 China2 z" u( L0 ]0 n7 L. K4 E$ J" H
70 Norway
4 \- ~$ y1 r& C2 D- }729 Israel1 ?$ W X5 B# }$ g
73 Sweden8 p$ r! O3 f0 ?. ~2 _' o$ I; g7 p& t
740 Guatemala/ L& q7 |! \8 l0 p; p# ]
741 El Salvador
* C' ]! w1 I0 {6 B1 c742 Honduras
0 ~- G; r: k- H( T# }743 Nicaragua
7 Y7 `* J* f" W/ P8 D L744 Costa Rica- u9 l9 Q {9 A: G+ G0 _. z. Z
745 Panama
! ~4 j1 F7 p" ~ Z: W5 \" L n746 Dominican Republic
: Q- x! p+ _) i! a/ B3 Y750 Mexico" c& k' i: Q( q
759 Venezuela
. f4 L, C0 \5 }9 s; d% A76 Switzerland! d0 p4 P, O* s% L. U" H6 a2 ~3 |+ U
770 Colombia
* s# B9 f: a H- [8 d, {3 T773 Uruguay
& b9 r, `0 f9 G. F' r5 B1 g ?775 Peru
Q% g: N W. Y( S777 Bolivia3 i; {2 @+ z8 ?3 W, [. M6 Q$ L( ^
779 Argentina
! j8 e0 L8 N1 T$ @780 Chile
9 f% u! V$ n, J+ @$ y$ q- h- I: U! N784 Paraguay% i/ h! E W; \+ I, a5 @
785 Peru5 y1 p5 F r5 ]& ] n) r" A7 c8 z
786 Ecuador
# W- G1 ] x; | {789 Brazil9 N2 P4 N1 @# Y! s" B, D# k
80-83 Italy
8 j# ]) P" w/ F7 T9 W& O3 T4 s0 P6 y84 Spain
5 F8 b/ Z( ~8 v+ [4 h850 Cuba; p/ X, K3 p: |/ y& _/ V
858 Slovakia
: J+ [/ P3 [+ ~6 q3 h859 Czech Republic/ W! w4 A6 o4 }! Q% p
860 Serbia & Montenegro
- ]' c$ D6 Q# X _, Y2 b869 Turkey3 x+ Z3 e* c: X% ^; \
87 Netherlands+ \2 S6 ]8 J7 J' A
880 South Korea
1 w& S7 c( {/ }+ {5 s& n2 x/ y885 Thailand- [; P# P6 X+ X: I- ^/ a
888 Singapore- B& O- d, P: a0 V
890 India
3 }% {7 {5 K# y+ J893 Vietnam: E+ V* c5 F6 U
899 Indonesia
5 D( t. C! Q4 b) t8 D' @" r90 -91 Austria
' j; }. U$ m3 U% \! u93 Australia* n" K2 u2 H' F) M: O
94 New Zealand
& b3 a! H3 q1 e955 Malaysia& t! X/ U2 ~# ?) {! s
958 Macau% N( C! z) `( @3 k' J8 I L
977 ISSN (International Standard Serial Number for periodicals)3 K! Z0 g; u. \& l/ u* W b/ X4 W
978 ISBN (International Standard Book Number)) X0 D7 v" i9 y0 u
979 ISMN (International Standard Music Number). @. A& ]! C* ~0 U$ ~
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More information and source : http://users.pandora.be/worldstandards/barcodes.htm
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