 鲜花( 1)  鸡蛋( 0)
|
一名中国留学生初到美国,在机场找厕所,问老外:「Where is W.C.?」老外听不懂。一名中国太太到医院生产,洋护士问她:「Did you have a bowel movement?」她却听不懂。还有人学了几十年的英语,还不晓得英语里的「大便」、「小便」、「放屁」真正应该怎么说……以下为一些「禁忌」(taboo)的美语之整理。毕竟这些都是咱们日常生活的一部分,说不定有一天这些「禁忌」之语还能「派上用场」呢!
9 A. \2 a- x$ X' m( D$ ?
$ `0 c6 a4 s. g) v2 w1 Z% X 一、厕所
; g& {# T8 s! F! S 在美国一般都叫rest room或bath room(男女厕均可)或分别叫做 men‘s room 或 ladies‘ room(=powder room),不过在飞机上,则叫 lavatory,在军中又叫 latrine。至于 W.C.(water closet)仍是过去英国人用的,在美国,几乎没有人使用。
; H- R; t& ]: o/ A& F% n- D l, U, f
二、解小便
) ^5 n4 r) n7 B; K" ~ t7 X 最普通的说法是 to urinate(名词是 urination),如果去看病,护士为了化验小便,就会给你一个杯子说:
( K4 n( G9 R0 ~& t) k Will (could) you urinate in this cup?
- N0 @5 R; W |9 K9 n" `6 ?, X( D% {! x' v$ b
医生或许也会问: / g3 g4 n+ {: E3 {) G: S
Do you have trouble urinating? ) Q3 ]8 N8 F! P' L* P" l f
=Do you have difficulty voiding?(小便有困难吗?) ; U- I2 o5 q |! a
9 g% `5 M, ^# i3 g: f# u 此外,还有其他的说法: . x' c. J& A% O1 `: e4 T) _! E
to piss = to take a piss = to take a leak = to void = to empty。 例如:
/ c: r4 s9 s& \$ P/ z) J * I need to piss = I have to take a leak.
5 D2 @+ i9 X% P( J+ h0 R * How often do you get up at night to void?(晚上起床小便几次?) + \4 x) E2 v1 }: B! ~$ ^
; g! e, a6 c+ n/ J
此外,john(j 小写时,不是男人名字)是 bath room 或 toilet 的意思(也叫 outhouse),这通常是指在户外工作场地所使用的临时或流动性厕所(有时前面也加 portable 一字)。不过也有老外把家里的厕所叫做 john。 例如: " J; u L. }4 F, B
* There are several (portable) johns in the construction site.
# ~9 A' ~" I F* e- p! P 在建筑场地有几个临时厕所。
' O5 { F4 ]# P
" _7 u# k8 \" F! C * He went to the john a few minutes ago. 9 a k7 s P, E6 t k7 J
他在几分钟前上了厕所。 , J/ |/ ~; `0 c) u0 I N/ t, C( d6 E
+ ^ m0 c& l6 A# Z2 X, v
* The manual labours have to use (portable) johns during their working hours.
7 ]% ?! @# F1 ?! O& ^. N2 K( v 劳动者在工作时间内需要使用流动性厕所。 o1 m* u% f$ ?. h0 K0 A
2 Q" q# h( B, m. r5 I* e; y
不过,小孩多半用 to pee 。例如:
# J& i9 }7 u* J& y1 u * The boy needs to pee. ' M( b+ d% Q2 l1 m
2 {+ e: v E7 ~* ^) ~1 f1 e 然而,「小便检查」又叫做 urine test,因为这里的 urine 是化验的样品(specimen)。例如:
# a. s) |! Y. D: d% s3 H, x * Do I need a urine test? 1 z' p; P$ U* w7 `7 Z3 |
' y2 C% A# [2 C: _- |. r9 f* a 注意:to piss off 是片语,又是指对人生气或对事物的不满。不过这是不礼貌的片语,少用为妙。 例如: ( i1 }% K) g% T# C
* He pissed me off. = He made me angry.
2 W, E; _9 d8 B! z, L * He always pisses off (at) the society.(对社会不满) 4 @' N8 d: i4 z% s% E# @- [4 H
7 F- x; _0 @- v; q# K# O7 z. F 如果「小便」有毛病,也可以告诉医生说: ; L- q6 S! @; k
* My urine is cloudy and it smells strong.(有浊尿,味道很重)
3 X: X1 ~; }3 ^/ k * I have pus (或air)in urine.(尿有泡沫) (pus = cloudy; air = bubble) + `9 t9 B. P& Y, g
* I dribble a little urine after I have finished urinating.(小便后还会滴滴答答。)(即失禁毛病)
3 M; \/ r+ p/ g * I am passing less urine than usual.(小便的量比平时少)
2 W: N8 f2 j* }2 d/ u" X6 B0 `0 ]
三、解大便 # c: z2 x" i( e* ^5 S
一般是用 to make(或 have)a bowel movement 或 to take a shit。如果看病,医生常问:「Do you have regular bowel movement?」(大便正常吗?)(说得斯文些,就是大肠在转动)。此外,还有其他的说法:
% N' r2 c+ R! P/ o7 e( G! s to defecate =to discharge excrement(或 feces) $ T7 _) E' V# O% E
=to take feces (或 faeces)。 例如: ! S* I" o( |) S
* The patient needs to take a shit. (=to make a bowel movement)
/ R0 o/ l$ F9 n+ I+ l. \7 `- K
" N- @, f, i, l 不过,小孩多半是用 to make a poo poo 或 to make a BM. 。 例如:
) X/ {# y! {8 d * The boy had a stinky BM.(大便奇臭。) 3 ^& P i" J: h4 [- w. E$ P2 T
0 W- A2 m) \2 Q, M5 u8 H5 k: g" |
但是「大便检查」倒叫做 stool exam,因为 stool 也是一种化验的样品。 例如: ( {" F4 f: A+ k* H# V
* The doctor has to exam his stool.(医生要检查他的大便。)
+ h* ~7 r: g. w, c M- `- W: z5 o/ c& q) ~2 A' I/ `1 w V
四、放屁
: j; ]1 G. I2 g5 y1 w* X4 i( B5 D 在美语里最常用的是 to expel gas 或 to fart 或 to make (或 pass)gas。 医生有时问: $ Q7 ~2 G; [3 Y" l& m3 f6 D2 T
How often do you expel(或 make 或 pass)gas?
; F; D. R0 B9 z H 你放屁的次数很多吗? 4 J: K' U3 Q; H5 c( F- ?/ P2 ~
* Is the gas expelled by belching?
% }% R" R! }( o3 Q6 r 是否打嗝后就会放屁呢?(动词是 belch) , y9 I3 |6 s7 v8 ~: `7 _# S6 ~6 a
* He said the more he ate, the more he farted. 1 z6 J5 @; K6 L2 N' @1 G
吃的愈多,放屁也愈多。 % h) g D# A/ _( P+ ^1 Z5 K2 [
* He has passed more gas than usual within the last two days. 0 s0 l6 ~- U2 P9 B
过去两天中,他放屁比平常多。
3 c2 _, l6 N* q2 i * Be careful not to fart in the public. " `' j, ?! m/ [: c; z3 O
注意在公共场所不可放屁。
Y9 k8 E2 g. q: v5 j2 c2 O0 b8 v% ?- \2 `% U* J* F
至于消化不良,大便不通或拉肚子,也有不同的说法。 例如: J# t$ K& V2 ~
* I have an upset stomach.(消化不良) 1 g( B% J" ^9 Q- e8 c* ^
= I have heartburn. = I have indigestion.
* ~7 v4 U7 b, T3 h. O4 p 注意:Heartburn 是指胃不舒服,不是「心痛」(heartache) , I$ q0 N4 p& W) B; A# N
" j4 @7 O* d' Q$ K6 s, ~, t" x * Something has upset my stomach for two weeks. ) s- C2 W, ^. w
胃不舒服有两星期了。) : J ?( f' G7 ?5 E! u! N6 }" V. n, o+ R
* He has(persistent)constipation.(或 irregularity) ' a$ K! p2 _* z5 n
他经常便秘。) 或
6 J; S& p- R f9 g! W) N1 d6 z" F * He has been unusually constipated.(便秘很反常。)或
8 A9 h1 o. `8 g+ j- ] * He is having problem with irregularity.(或 constipation); 或 - i" _9 F& T2 @8 b* @# c0 Z! D
* He has no bowel movement for the past few days.
. ?5 L" s# f. b! {9 `0 W: L- M( Q
* He has bouts of diarrhea.=He is having trouble with diarrhea.
* r5 Z) m$ g& Y" g 他拉了一阵肚子。
5 q7 q. O! m4 [& s/ {0 w * He can see trace of blood and pus or mucus in his stool(或 bowel movement) % x: W4 `1 A$ Q% A# `/ b9 O8 _
大便时可看到血丝和粘膜。 |
|