 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The7 `& w& A4 ~: I, v: Q" f; x
Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the& `: X( }- C8 v! f. T- z' P1 x
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in," }7 W# M7 X4 Y, K3 M/ m- S3 ~+ H# {8 @
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
$ a% f' Z- v9 |, S0 @* [(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of/ w; e9 S& k4 B8 ~
retroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).# l! R$ o; |+ R( x) S5 V
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=
5 y4 `2 Y4 \- C6 d: v y[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
- k- z* U! y$ Y8 S, n+ b4 a4 B7 y% h(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving
* V4 b- I% m" n hretroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on9 y* K' }4 U9 `/ }2 o) u
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset4 a2 W2 X7 t u9 a8 j
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
4 E: R1 L; H$ Z6 N" Q3 a v" ]$ |segments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
7 Y F5 k- ^8 \semivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.; A9 i) R! D: h8 z
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In0 C2 |: N- F% k# }8 y1 `5 _
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,+ Q; w7 K0 {' W
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..
) [: f0 z& m9 H: N
( F! h4 C' s" D' E(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
4 H; D; a# Y( S2 L# `and American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
