 鲜花( 0)  鸡蛋( 0)
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Traditional Chinese phonology divides the syllable into an Initial and Final. The
( [+ X: P) V6 k4 ]; x. Q; G% R2 L+ ^+ [Initial is the way a syllable begins, usually with a consonant. The Final is the( l6 ~/ ?+ J$ Z1 x% y1 w
syllable minus the Initial. For example, in ta, chi, jin, chuang, the Finals are a, i, in,$ L1 S) L4 K4 Z; l3 K) m; Z6 t
and uang, respectively. The longest form of a Final consists of three parts: a medial
% h0 e# y, u. G6 q) p: |(or: semivowel), a main vowel (or: head vowel), and an ending (or, in the case of
7 V \* i; Q4 ]( |+ l Bretroflex suffixes, sometimes two endings, as in the er-sound ming’er ‘tomorrow’).# d' ], N' B( c* S1 \0 O
A Final in Mandarin comprises one of four medials: º (empty), /i/, /u/, or /iu/ (=2 o* V! J; @9 ]# L( R- i
[y], one of three vowels: /a/, /e/, or /o/, and one of six endings: º, -i, -u, -n, -N, and [”]
9 w8 K* X' x0 F% M, p$ j(phonetically -r).13 Actually, there are only 40 different Finals (if Finals involving- }3 D+ N+ {# m" x2 f
retroflex suffixes are not counted). As a result of these very severe restrictions on0 A( N, ?+ p9 E
possible syllables in Mandarin, no obstruent clusters are possible in the onset; b& v0 O( ] u" k2 ]8 u% e' z2 s
(Initial) nor in the coda (Final). Onset clusters can maximally have a length of two
5 v" x! l6 t7 y/ E/ I/ u1 [$ b( gsegments, in which case the consonant closest to the vocalic nucleus must be a
# Z1 _8 ^' ]( rsemivowel. Coda clusters are disallowed; in fact, syllables are generally open, i.e.6 T% F$ H/ N* `' ?+ H# B: N
end with a vowel. The only possible coda consonants are the nasals /n/ and /N/. In) W, K$ \/ q- Z. A
compound vowels with /a, e, o/ as the first segment and /i, u/ as the second element,8 `& s8 |- {1 q4 C
the latter are phonetically realised as semivowels, creating a diphthong. .. bla...bla... bla..2 {, o, ?6 e6 f6 e2 b: q' j% _
8 ]3 N1 v6 E4 K1 i+ C4 W+ V3 P7 g(source: Wang Hongyan, year unkown, English as a lingua franca:Mutual intelligibility of Chinese, Dutch)
5 S# |: h% ~/ n9 oand American speakers of English, |
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狗仔卡
发表于 2009-4-18 08:18
提升卡
置顶卡
沉默卡
喧嚣卡
变色卡
显身卡
发表于 2009-4-18 10:05
