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This can by done by Induction
Show that for all integers n >1, n^3 - n can be divided by 3. (Note: n^3 stands for n*n*n)1 N9 M0 [/ c5 {7 k! r# m; z3 ~0 Q+ P
! q# s* y4 D1 u; U$ ^Proof:
) K% U/ h& L+ t* W* A1 YLet n >1 be an integer
9 P4 M; h" }, b, Q( ?Basis: (n=2)" M/ T' l3 r) \7 L" ]
2^3 - 2 = 2*2*2 –2 = 6 which can be divided by 3; K! M- x0 ^- `
# i" \2 O1 w* y" b- Z
Induction Hypothesis: Let K >=2 be integers, support that
5 F& R/ _9 t$ P0 r4 A8 u% d8 f K^3 – K can by divided by 3./ y0 C. _" l9 e! [. L: D7 ^! d
$ {7 i3 d2 Y* `3 A
Now, we need to show that ( K+1)^3 - ( K+1) can be divided by 3( z' w) Q5 ~ y* c: G
since we have (K+1)^3 = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 by Binomial Theorem
! K' h8 F- B7 z2 i9 A" R5 N! x# PThen we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = K^3 +3K^2 + 3K +1 –(K+1)
) E9 k; O/ J: u" A, p* R = K^3 + 3K^2 + 2K# E4 `& K2 x" g" s2 W
= ( K^3 – K) + ( 3K^2 + 3K), _' g& a3 X2 J8 g8 R, S
= ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)% e9 l0 [+ R; r( |
by Induction Hypothesis, we know that k^3 – k can by divided by 3 which means that k^3 – k = 3 X for some integer X>0 V/ }5 `3 T+ m( D# Q
So we have (K+1)^3 – ( K+1) = ( K^3 – K) + 3 ( K^2 + K)& |/ Q F" x" i$ F- Q' v
= 3X + 3 ( K^2 + K)' P g! ~6 D8 J& E, t
= 3(X+ K^2 + K) which can be divided by 3, I7 s- x. r, |( [+ m3 s. ?
2 ?5 _' R2 o2 {* C3 g' IConclusion: By the Principle of Mathematics Induction, n^3 - n can be divided by 3 For all integers n >1.4 ]: k8 |( J5 {. P6 R
9 ^7 N6 J, H( c/ w7 m[ Last edited by 悟空 on 2005-2-23 at 10:06 AM ] |
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